Group items tagged

Planck Units

Planck units are largely based upon three fundamental units, h, G, and c.

The gravitational constant is given the symbol "G".   It is a measured value used in the force equation for gravity (see below). F = Gm1m2 / r2 The m units are masses of two bodies which are separated by a distance r.   By rearranging the equation, we have G (see below). G = Fr2 / m1m2 The gravitational force, F, was measured between two masses to arrive at G.   At various times, the laboratory equipment and methods were improved to arrive at more accurate values for G.   The physics texts were not usually updated for the new values because (1) the changes were not great enough to justify the added expense to the texts, and (2) the changes were happening frequently enough to make each text obsolete before it arrived in the hands of students.   Consequently, there are numerous variations of G to be found, but the differences between them are slight. There are many systems of weights and measures used in physics.   Fundamental constants such as G often have two values according to the measuring system used.   When two such units are mixed to arrive at subsidiary units such as the planck length, the result is a completely erroneous value along with units of measure which do not apply.   Consequently, it is important to convert the various units of the fundamental constants used to the same system of units.   In may instances of late, this has not been done. Finally, there is human error involved in copying from an old text to create a new next.   This means that it is wise to check various texts to see if they all agree (they usually don't), and decide what is correct and what is not correct.   For G, the following was discovered.

Water is a polar molecule which means that one side of the molecule is more positively charged while the other side is more negatively charged. The result of this charge differential is an attraction between molecules making water a much more complex substance than mainstream science (Quantum Physics, etc.) has ever given it credit for! It is this attractive force between water molecules which causes water to form droplets rather than a molecular mist. These attractive forces also result in clusters of water molecules in nature which are very sensitive to environmental conditions. In nature, if we observe water closely we see (as it does flowing down a drain) it move in circular paths in order to maintain a high energy or frequency state. Molecular spin is an important factor when considering the polar attraction between water molecules; it makes common sense that faster molecular spin will decrease this molecular attraction and consistent or resonant molecular spin may have an ordering or structuring effect. Municipal water systems utilize straight pipes which carry water long distances under high pressures dampening the molecular spin of water causing much larger clusters of molecules locking up the hydration power of water! This can be measured as surface tension. Natural spring water is considered "living water" due to the high frequency molecular spin and the vibrancy of nature.

STL (file format)

STL (STereoLithography) is a file format native to the stereolithography CAD software created by 3D Systems. STL is also known as Standard Tessellation Language[1] This file format is supported by many other software packages; it is widely used for rapid prototyping and computer-aided manufacturing. STL files describe only the surface geometry of a three dimensional object without any representation of color, texture or other common CAD model attributes. The STL format specifies both ASCII and binary representations. Binary files are more common, since they are more compact

La force de Coriolis est une force inertielle agissant perpendiculairement à la direction du mouvement d'un corps en déplacement dans un milieu (un référentiel) lui-même en rotation uniforme, tel que vu par un observateur partageant le même référentiel. Cette force est nommée ainsi en l'honneur de l'ingénieur français Gaspard-Gustave Coriolis. Elle n'est pas en fait une force au sens strict, soit l'action d'un corps sur un autre, mais plutôt une force fictive résultant du mouvement non linéaire du référentiel lui-même. C'est l'observateur qui change de position par l'action de l'accélération centripète du référentiel et qui interprète tout changement de direction de ce qui l'entoure comme une force inverse. L'introduction de cette force permet de simplifier les équations du mouvement dans ce genre de repère, au même titre que celui de la force centrifuge.

Regulatory Changes by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

FERC Orders 888 and 889

On April 24, 1996, FERC issued Orders 888 and 889, which encourage wholesale competition.  The primary objective of these orders is the elimination of monopoly power over the transmission of electricity.  To achieve this objective, FERC requires all public utilities that own, control, or operate facilities used for transmitting electric energy in interstate commerce to: file open access nondiscriminatory transmission tariffs containing minimum terms and conditions, take transmission service (including ancillary services) for their own new wholesale sales and purchases of electricity under open access tariffs, develop and maintain a same-time information system that will give existing and potential  users the same access to transmission information that the public utility enjoys, and separate the transmission from generating and marketing functions and communications.

Processor   CPU GPU Operating System Memory ROM ARM Cortex A9, 1GHz CPU Mali™-400MP Graphics Processing Unit Android 2.3 Gingerbread. Will be updated later to Android 4.0 ICS 512MB (optional 256MB) Built-in 4GB NAND Flash Interfaces   Networking USB Power SD HDMI Built in WiFi module 802.11b/g/n 10/100Mbps with internal antenna USB 2.0 HOST port Mini USB port for power supply (1A required) Micro SD card slot, support up to 32GB HDMI 1.3 OUTPUT (Video and Audio)

Wendy M. Edelberg Economist Macroeconomic Analysis Section Division of Research and Statistics

Fields of Interest Consumption Consumer Finance Real Estate Education Ph.D., Economics, University of Chicago, 2003 M.B.A., Econometrics & Finance, University of Chicago, Graduate School of Business, 1997 B.A., Economics, Columbia University, 1993

wendy.m.edelberg@frb.gov

Wigner Distributions and How They Relate to the Light Field

Abstract In wave optics, the Wigner distribution and its Fourier dual, the ambiguity function, are important tools in optical system simulation and analysis. The light field fulfills a similar role in the computer graphics community. In this paper, we establish that the light field as it is used in computer graphics is equivalent to a smoothed Wigner distribution and that these are equivalent to the raw Wigner distribution under a geometric optics approximation. Using this insight, we then explore two recent contributions: Fourier slice photography in computer graphics and wavefront coding in optics, and we examine the similarity between explanations of them using Wigner distributions and explanations of them using light fields. Understanding this long-suspected equivalence may lead to additional insights and the productive exchange of ideas between the two fields.