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NHGRI invites applications for research developing comparative approaches that can be used to understand genome structure and function and the relationship between genomic features and phenotypes. This program supports studies that enable the use of a diverse array of species to advance our ability to understand basic biological processes related to human health and disease, as well as studies that develop novel analytical tools and resources for the comparative genomics research community.

The purpose of this FOA is to encourage mechanistic research to investigate the impact of sleep disturbances on pain. The mechanisms and processes underlying the contribution of sleep and sleep disturbances to pain perception and the development and maintenance of chronic pain may be very broad. This FOA encourages interdisciplinary research collaborations by experts from multiple fieldsneuroscientists, psychologists, endocrinologists, immunologists, geneticists, pharmacologists, chemists, physicists, behavioral scientists, clinicians, caregivers, and others in relevant fields of inquiry.

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to solicit applications proposing research on the development of novel and optimized alternatives to existing in vivo genome editing complexes.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) seeks applications proposing coordinated efforts to accelerate gene discovery for psychiatric disorders in cohorts of African ancestry on the African continent to advance the important goal of global mental health equity. This funding opportunity announcement (FOA) is one of several FOAs participating in a program called, Ending Disparities in Mental Health (EDIfy-MH ). This FOA should be used when two or more collaborating sites are essential to conduct the proposed research. It is required that the Research Strategy be identical across linked collaborative U01 applications, with the exception of a short section describing the specific function of each application under "elements unique to this site." The Human Subjects section for each application should be specific to the research conducted at that site. For a linked set of collaborative U01 applications, each application must have its own Program Director/Principal Investigator (PD/PI) and the program must provide a mechanism for cross-site coordination. Applications from a single-site should be submitted under the companion FOA (PAR-MH-20-XXX).

In response to The Gabriella Miller Kids First Research Act ( https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/2019/text), NIH, through the Common Fund, has established the Gabriella Miller Kids First Pediatric Research Program (Kids First). The Kids First program is expected to be a ten-year effort (2015 - 2024) that will build the Gabriella Miller Kids First Pediatric Data Resource (Kids First Data Resource). The Kids First Data Resource will be populated by genomic and phenotypic data and will be of high value to the pediatric research community by facilitating data mining across diverse conditions. During the first five years of this Program, data were generated and made publicly available following sequencing of DNA, and some RNA, samples from pediatric cancer and structural birth defects cohorts as outlined on the Kids First Common Fund website at https://commonfund.nih.gov/kidsfirst. In addition to increased understanding of individual pediatric conditions, a goal of establishing the Data Resource is to enable discovery of shared pathways whose disruption may lead to structural birth defects and/or susceptibility to childhood cancer. Therefore, representation of a wide variety of pediatric cancers and structural birth defects within the Data Resource is essential. The overall goal is to help researchers understand the underlying mechanisms of disease, leading to more refined diagnostic capabilities and ultimately more targeted therapies or interventions.