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The purpose of this FOA is to encourage research investigating the roles of extracellular RNA (exRNA) carrier subclasses in biological processes relevant to substance use disorders (SUDs) and/or HIV infection, latency, or pathogenesis in the CNS. Applicants may propose to investigate biological mechanisms involving exRNA carrier subclasses, or propose to develop improved technologies to investigate extracellular vesicles or other exRNA carriers.

The purpose of this FOA is to encourage research projects that investigate covalent RNA modifications in HIV/AIDS and substance use disorders.  Identifying modifications involved in HIV function as well as understanding the mechanisms involved and how these processes interact with chronic drug exposure could lay the foundation for the development of future novel therapeutics to treat HIV in patients with SUDs.

The purpose of this FOA is to encourage research projects that investigate covalent RNA modifications in HIV/AIDS and substance use disorders. Identifying modifications involved in HIV function as well as understanding the mechanisms involved and how these processes interact with chronic drug exposure could lay the foundation for the development of future novel therapeutics to treat HIV in patients with SUDs. Another grant under (R21)

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to foster research on human long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) to understand their roles in controlling the gene regulatory networks underpinning normal Heart, Lung, Blood and Sleep (HLBS) homeostatic and disease processes. 

The primary aim of this Ideas Lab is to foster the development of a theoretical framework that encompasses the "metabolism first" and "RNA first" theories for the origin of life by stimulating creative thinking and new research on the earliest events leading to life on early Earth. Understanding plausible pathways for the origin of life will contribute directly to our understanding of the indispensable properties of life on Earth and inform our search for life on other worlds.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) solicits Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) grant applications from small business concerns (SBCs) to develop novel technologies to expand the capability for molecular analyses of banked frozen or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. In addition, there is a need for improved tissue fixatives and preservation methods that maintain histologic features while preserving high quality DNA, RNA, protein and small molecules in archived tissue from rodent and human studies.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) solicits applications to start a new initiative, the Genomics of Gene Regulation (GGR), which is intended to explore genomic approaches to understanding the role of genomic sequence in the regulation of gene networks. A long-term goal of functional genomics is to decipher the rules by which gene networks are regulated and to understand how such regulation affects cellular function, development and disease. The GGR initiative will address the genome-proximal component of the regulation of gene networks by supporting a set of demonstration projects to develop and validate models that describe how a comprehensive set of sequence-based functional elements work in concert to regulate the finite set of genes that determine a biological phenomenon, using RNA amounts, and perhaps transcript structure, as the readout. This FOA seeks to support substantial improvement in the methods for developing gene regulatory network models, rather than an incremental improvement on existing methods. This work will move the field closer to the long-term goal of reading DNA sequence and accurately predicting when and at what levels a gene is expressed, in the context of a particular cell state. These demonstration projects will be organized as a research consortium to accelerate progress through the coordination of analytical methods and functional genomic data.

The purpose of this funding opportunity announcement (FOA) is to support projects that will generate reference profiles of both short and long non-coding regulatory extracellular RNAs (exRNA), including any environmentally-derived exRNA (e.g. from diet, microbiome), from a diversity of healthy human body fluids including blood, saliva, urine, breast milk, semen, amniotic fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, ascites and pleural effusions. Studies using existing human biospecimen collections are strongly encouraged. This FOA is only for studies related to human samples; animal or other non-human disease model studies are not responsive to this FOA.

The purpose of this FOA is to support projects to develop tools and strategies for studying: 1. the three dimensional architecture of the nucleus in relationship to the topography of nuclear bodies and transcriptional machineries, 2. the structure and function of poorly characterized nuclear structures, or 3. the role of specialized proteins and RNAs in the assembly, organization, and function of nuclear bodies, nuclear structures, and specialized subnuclear domains. - See more at: http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-RM-14-008.html#sthash.HQemmZlU.dpuf

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) solicits R21 grant applications to develop novel technologies that will enable new approaches to DNA and direct RNA sequencing.  Applicants may propose to develop novel complete sequencing systems, investigate challenges underlying key novel system components, or propose improvements of at least an order of magnitude improvement to existing systems.  Exploration of methods other than those currently in use is highly encouraged.  High-risk/high-payoff applications are appropriate to achieve the goals of this FOA.

The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) will solicit proposals from qualified organizations capable of maintaining and expanding the NIDA Center for Genetic Studies. In this effort, the contractor will be required to: (1) Receive de-identified clinical, diagnostic, pedigree structure, environmental exposure information and other phenotypic data along with blood samples or other biospecimens from funded grants and/or contracts supporting research on the genetics of addiction and addiction vulnerability; (2) Process these data and materials to create databases, serum, DNA, RNA, and cell lines; (3) Widely distribute all data and materials in the NIDA Human Genetics Initiative to qualified investigators in the scientific community in a cost effective manner; (4) Maintain storage of data and biomaterials; (5) As stipulated by NIDA staff, perform microarray typing on pre-existing and/or new de-identified biospecimens; (6) As stipulated by NIDA staff, perform high-throughput sequencing on pre-existing and/or new de-identified biospecimens for genomic and/or epigenomic analyses; (7) Support the creation of reprogrammed cellular derivatives, such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to facilitate the molecular and cellular study of brain development and addiction processes; (8) Create a cyberinfrastructure that enables interoperability and full access to distributed data, software and other information science resources as well as research summaries and outbound links for all addiction related studies available through the NIH database of Genotype and Phenotype (dbGaP) system; and (9) Faciliate NIDA genetic studies data (both genotype and phenotype) being uploaded into NIH databases such as BioSample, and the dbGaP systems.

The purpose of this FOA is to support the establishment of center(s) that will use cutting edge technologies to perform omics analyses (e.g. metabolomic, lipidomic, proteomic, extracellular RNA) of body fluids collected by the Acute to Chronic Pain Signatures (A2CPS) consortium. The omics data generated, in concert with other patient assessments, will be used to identify biosignatures predictive of susceptibility or resilience to the development of chronic pain.

The ability to isolate and analyze single EVs and their cargoes from human biofluids would provide a unique opportunity to understand the cell or tissue from which their respective exRNAs originate (heterogeneity) and, importantly, add significant depth to our understanding of exRNA communication. The overarching goal of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to develop and demonstrate innovative technologies and reagents towards isolating single EVs and to characterize the exRNA cargos associated with specific EV subpopulations based on cell of origin and their intended target cell. Shedding light on the diversity of exRNAs carried by EVs will allow for a better understanding of the precise role of exRNAs as signaling molecules for both physiological and pathophysiological processes, ultimately accelerating development of exRNAs as therapeutics and diagnostics.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) seeks grant applications to develop major advances in genomic technologies. Advances in genomics and more broadly in biomedical research have been greatly facilitated by significant and sustained genomics technology throughput increases, cost decreases, and improvements in ease of use. The proposed technology development work should allow comprehensive genomic analysis of features not assayable today, or an increase of no less than an order of magnitude improvement in an existing technology in terms of data quality, throughput, efficiency or comprehensiveness (individually or in combination). This FOA explicitly excludes the development of novel technologies for DNA sequencing and for direct RNA sequencing; those projects should respond to a parallel set of FOAs (RFA-HG-18-001, RFA-HG-18-002, and RFA-HG-18-003).

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) seeks grant applications to develop major advances in genomic technologies. Advances in genomics and more broadly in biomedical research have been greatly facilitated by significant and sustained genomics technology throughput increases, cost decreases, and improvements in ease of use. The proposed technology development work should allow comprehensive genomic analysis of features not assayable today, or an increase of no less than an order of magnitude improvement in an existing technology in terms of data quality, throughput, efficiency or comprehensiveness (individually or in combination). This FOA explicitly excludes the development of novel technologies for DNA sequencing and for direct RNA sequencing; those projects should respond to a parallel set of FOAs (RFA-HG-18-001, RFA-HG-18-002, and RFA-HG-18-003).

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages exploratory and developmental bi-phasic research applications to support the identification and optimization of small molecules or RNAs that interact with host epigenetic machinery to mediate long-term or permanent epigenetic silencing of HIV-1 proviruses 

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages exploratory and developmental bi-phasic research applications to support the identification and optimization of small molecules or RNAs that interact with host epigenetic machinery to mediate long-term or permanent epigenetic silencing of HIV-1 proviruses

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages applications that will develop novel technologies and/or tools for the isolation and characterization of extracellular vesicles (EVs) of Central Nervous System (CNS) origin. The primary focus of the technology development includes robust and reproducible CNS-EV isolation methods. Specifically, there is a need to establish technologies for the isolation and purification of CNS-EVs from peripheral samples and the characterization of CNS-EV types, cargos, and origin, as well as to validate these methods for further analyses. Validation of these technologies may include the analysis of the full range of EV composition such as RNA, proteins, lipids, and metabolites.

To support generation of single cell RNA-sequencing data sets for at least one brain region relevant to persistent HIV infection and opioid, cocaine and/or methamphetamine use disorder