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Avenir means future in French, and this award looks toward the future by supporting early stage investigators proposing highly innovative studies. The award will support those in an early stage of their career who may lack the preliminary data required for an R01 grant, but who propose high impact research and who show promise of being tomorrow's leaders in the field. NIDA has developed two Avenir Award Programs, one for HIV/AIDS research and the other for genetics or epigenetics studies.

USAID/Cambodia seeks to make a five-year award focused on the goal of improving the quality of public and private health services in Cambodia in a sustainable manner through technical assistance to national and sub-national health systems. The activity will achieve this goal through four objectives: 1) improved policies, guidelines and standards for streamlined quality assurance; 2) increased efficiency and effectiveness of service delivery; 3) strengthened regulatory framework, implementation, and enforcement; and 4) strengthened pre-service public health training. Under these objectives, the award will support the Ministry of Health, Provincial Health Departments, Operational District Offices and Referral Hospital Management to improve the quality of health services through targeted technical assistance and limited introduction of new techniques, approaches, and technologies that improve quality of health services in both the public and private sector. The award will build upon existing, effective quality assurance systems and ensure that they incorporate a focus on USAID/Cambodia's technical priorities (maternal and child health, family planning, nutrition, tuberculosis, HIV and malaria). In addition, a major focus of the award will be ensuring quality of health services provided in the private sector. This will include, but is not limited to, strengthening licensing and regulation of service providers and monitoring of service quality in the private sector toward the development of an accreditation system for both public and private providers.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) solicits applications developing computational models of immunity that advance understanding of the mechanisms required to induce and/or maintain protective immunity to infectious pathogens, other than HIV, and/or vaccines against such pathogens. The main goal of this FOA is to advance development and application of computational models of immunity that are refined through iterative immunological experimentation to validate and improve the utility and robustness of the computational models. Another goal of this FOA is to make the computational models and data developed under this initiative readily available to the broader research community for further refinement or direct use in biological experimentation. This program will also support workshops and symposia to foster the use of computational models of immunity by the broader research community.

 The purpose of this funding opportunity is to identify genetic and epigenetic factors that affect the recovery of the CD4+ T cells in response to anti-retroviral therapy in HIV infected people who inject drugs infected

The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study provides the scientific community with biospecimens (urine, plasma, and serum) and related research data on behaviors, attitudes, biomarkers and health outcomes associated with tobacco use in the U.S. This opportunity allows investigators to apply for access to the biospecimens from the PATH Study. Information about the PATH Study and this resource may be found on the PATH Study series page at the University of Michigans National Addiction and HIV Data Archive Program (NAHDAP) website, part of the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Researchs (ICPSR) website (https://doi.org/10.3886/Series606).

The NIH Research Education Program (R25) supports research education activities in the mission areas of the NIH.  The over-arching goal of this Fogarty International Center R25 program is to support educational activities that complement and/or enhance the training of a workforce to meet Africa's biomedical, behavioral and clinical research needs by supporting the establishment of an African Association for Health Professions Education and Research (the "Association"). The Association will serve as a leadership and convening organization to network institutions across Africa in order to jointly develop, disseminate, and share best practices, innovations, curricula, and policy and to engage in joint activities that will increase the quantity, quality and retention of African health professionals to address the crisis in HIV/AIDS and its' comorbidities on the continent.

The primary purpose of this solicitation is to support highly interactive, multi-disciplinary teams, whose research efforts are focused on large-scale discovery of T cell immune epitopes associated with infectious or autoimmune diseases, and rejection of, or tolerance to, transplanted cells/organs/tissues. The discovery of epitopes associated with T cell responses to commensals and how they may be altered by the inflammatory state will also be supported by this solicitation. Validation of these epitopes and defining their role in immune protection or immune-mediated pathogenesis in humans is required. Investigators may include development/refinement of T cell epitope prediction tools as part of their research plan. It is anticipated that the multi-disciplinary teams will minimally include immunologists with the appropriate expertise in epitope identification and validation, and either microbiologists and/or virologists with expertise in the target pathogen(s), clinicians with expertise in the target autoimmune diseases, or clinicians with expertise in transplantation, as appropriate. This program will not support studies related to HIV/AIDS, or allergen epitopes, including those which are infection-related.

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to invite applications for support of innovative clinical and preclinical/non-clinical research to improve our understanding of disease mechanisms in tuberculosis meningitis (TBM) and to improve therapy in the presence or absence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages applications for a planning grant from institutions in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to 1.) Design a Global Infectious Disease (GID) Research Training Program in collaboration with U.S. collaborators and 2.) Strengthen LMIC faculty and prepare advanced courses and training resources for the program envisioned at the LMIC institution. The application should propose a collaborative process to create a new training program that will strengthen the capacity of the LMIC institution to conduct infectious disease research. Applications should include activities to strengthen LMIC faculty leadership and skills as well as prepare advanced scientific didactic and methodology courses and research training resources development relevant to the program to be planned. A detailed vision for a research training program that focuses on a major endemic or life-threatening emerging infectious disease, neglected tropical disease, infections that frequently occur as a co-infection in HIV infected individuals or infections associated with non-communicable disease conditions of public health importance in LMICs should be proposed.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the latest in a series of infectious disease emergencies, including cholera, Ebola, SARS, Chikungunya, HIV/AIDS, and influenza. While scientists and drug developers, with support from governments and multilateral organizations, have been rushing to produce, test, and deliver vaccines and treatments, tech innovators also have a crucial role to play, both in the near term and to prevent and mitigate future disease outbreaks. In the near term, the world needs improved solutions for prevention, accurate detection, and rapid response. MIT Solve, through its Health Security & Pandemics Challenge, is seeking tech innovations that can slow and track the spread of an emerging outbreak - for example, by improving individual hygiene, developing low-cost rapid diagnostics, analyzing data that informs decision making, and providing tools that protect health workers.

The purpose of this funding opportunity is to identify genetic and epigenetic factors that affect the recovery of the CD4+ T cells in response to anti-retroviral therapy in HIV infected people who inject drugs infected

The Communities Building Healthier Environments for a Stronger Nation Initiative ('Communities Initiative') intends to demonstrate the effectiveness of community-based networks in improving health outcomes among racial and ethnic minority and/or other disadvantaged populations. This program seeks to improve health outcomes through the establishment of integrated networks that collaboratively employ evidence-based disease management and preventive health activities; build the capacity of communities to address social determinants and barriers to healthcare access; and increase access to and utilization of preventive health care, medical treatment, and supportive services. The Communities Initiative specifically targets the unmet healthcare and supportive service needs of racial and ethnic minority populations at highest risk for poorer health outcomes. Health services provided under the Communities Initiative will not be denied to any person based on race, color, or national origin. Populations at highest risk include, but are not limited to, individuals who are newly diagnosed and lack a medical home; individuals who experience difficulty in adhering to a prescribed medical treatment plan; individuals with a chronic disease that is not well managed; and individuals that are unstably housed. Specific health areas to be addressed by the Communities Initiative include asthma, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis B or C, obesity/overweight, and mental disorders. Community health programs are required to address social determinants of health, and improve coordination of health, social, and supportive services to significantly improve health outcomes among minority and/or disadvantaged communities. Applicants must choose two but no more than three chronic conditions

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to support hypothesis-generating research in transgender people with the objective of characterizing the biological and immunological impact of the interventions (hormones, drugs and surgical) used for gender reassignment and their impact on susceptibility to HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STI).

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites submission of investigator-initiated Program Project (P01) applications. The proposed programs may address scientific areas relevant to the NIAID mission including the biology, pathogenesis, and host response to microbes, including HIV; the mechanisms of normal immune function system development and function; and immune dysfunction resulting in autoimmunity, immunodeficiency, allergy, asthma, and transplant rejection; and translational research to develop vaccines, therapeutics, and diagnostics to prevent and treat infectious, immune-mediated, and allergic diseases. Each P01 application submitted to this FOA must include at least two related research projects that share a common central theme, focus, and/or overall objective.

NIDA is interested in receiving research applications focusing on individuals who smoke or vape either marijuana and/or tobacco to determine: 1) the risk of contracting a COVID-19 infection, 2) the effects on asymptomatic COVID-19 infected persons, and 3) the course of the COVID-19 infection. This NOSI encourages research to understand: The risks that smoking or vaping tobacco or marijuana may have on acquiring the COVID-19 infection. The medical consequences, co-morbidity, and complications of COVID-19 infection in individuals who smoke or vape tobacco or marijuana. The medical consequences of COVID-19 in individuals who smoke and vape with comorbid conditions such as: SUD, HIV and other immunosuppressive diseases, mental health disorders, diabetes mellitus, obesity, cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, and hepatic pathologies, as well as cancer.

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to support multi-component, multi-disciplinary projects that address important scientific questions relevant to AIDS prophylactic vaccine discovery research. Extensive modeling of vaccine concepts in non-human primates may be included.

The goal of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to support innovative, basic and translational, nonexempt human subjects research in two areas, gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal immunology and liver disease. 

The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), in collaboration with the Office of the Global AIDS Coordinator (OGAC) is soliciting revision applications for implementation science research that will inform delivery and scale-up of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) at PEPFAR sites.

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to encourage applications from the scientific community to support outstanding research related to the role of the gut microbiome in regulating metabolism and reproduction, and its impact on the fertility status. The overarching goal is to gain fundamental insight into the possible role of the gut microbiome in regulating reproduction through HPG, HPA, and HPT axes in the brain. The results of the study could lead to development of diagnostic markers (signature microbiomes) for reproductive and metabolic failure. The project is pertinent to multiple portfolios in the Fertility and Infertility Branch, e.g., basic ovarian biology, fertility preservation, assisted reproductive technology, spermatogenesis and sperm function, and therapeutic interventions to infertility. The emphasis on the gut microbiome and its impact on reproduction through its effects on HPG, HPA, and HPT axes leading to obesity, metabolic syndrome, stress disorders, infection and anxiety is also of interest to the Maternal and Pediatric infectious disease Branch, Pediatric Growth and Nutrition Branch and IDDB.

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to encourage applications from the scientific community to support outstanding research related to the role of the gut microbiome in regulating metabolism and reproduction, and its impact on the fertility status. The overarching goal is to gain fundamental insight into the possible role of the gut microbiome in regulating reproduction through HPG, HPA, and HPT axes in the brain. The results of the study could lead to development of diagnostic markers (signature microbiomes) for reproductive and metabolic failure. The project is pertinent to multiple portfolios in the Fertility and Infertility Branch, e.g., basic ovarian biology, fertility preservation, assisted reproductive technology, spermatogenesis and sperm function, and therapeutic interventions to infertility. The emphasis on the gut microbiome and its impact on reproduction through its effects on HPG, HPA, and HPT axes leading to obesity, metabolic syndrome, stress disorders, infection and anxiety is also of interest to the Maternal and Pediatric infectious disease Branch, Pediatric Growth and Nutrition Branch and IDDB.