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Morgan Foster

African Immigrants Drift Toward Latin America - 0 views

www.reuters.com/...idUSTRE5AF0AG20091116

Guatemala Immigration Identity Violence Africans Move to Latin America

shared by Morgan Foster on 17 Nov 09 - Cached
  • Morgan Foster on 17 Nov 09
     
    The reason I have tagged this website is not particularly to highlight Africans immigration to Latin America, but to bring attention to some of the topics we have discussed in class. Identity plays a huge roll in the context of this article: we are so focused on our identity being what we see and where we came from, but how does the identity of these people change when they immigrate to Latin America?
Morgan Foster

Guatemala: Agreement on identity and rights of indigenous peoples - 0 views

www.c-r.org/...identity-rights.php

Guatemala Identity Social Rights Economy Politics

shared by Morgan Foster on 17 Nov 09 - Cached
  • Morgan Foster on 17 Nov 09
     
    This article is provided by conciliation resourced. The creators of the laws found in this article discuss topics on the agreement on identity and rights of indigenous people. They include identity of indegenous people, struggle against discrimination, and cultural, civil, political, social and economic rights. It is interesting to see these laws and wonder how often they are followed (not very often at all).
Morgan Foster

Men and Masculinities - 0 views

jmm.sagepub.com/...237

Masculinity Men Gender Relations Cultural Change Violence

shared by Morgan Foster on 04 Oct 09 - Cached
  • Morgan Foster on 04 Oct 09
     
    This site contains an article based on the contemporary perspectives of men and masculinity in Latin American Countries. Detailing numerous countries like Brazil and Mexico, you can see the similarities and differences of what masculine identity is to each individual country or culture. "The materials analyzed are organized around the principal themes within which studies of masculinity in Latin America have been framed, namely the construction of masculine identity, fatherhood, practices and representations, homosocial spaces of masculinity, reproductive health, and masculine sexuality."
Shannon Coco

The Tupamaro Gang of Venezuela - 0 views

www.ngcrc.com/tupaprof.htm

violence substance abuse gangs urban venezuela

shared by Shannon Coco on 04 Oct 09 - Cached
  • emerge officially in 1992.
  • But in 1992, Chavez was a Lieutenant Colonel in the Venezuelan Army and he tried, unsuccessfully, to take over the government in a failed coup d’ etat. When the coup failed, Chavez went to prison for two years. While doing time, he met the Tupas. Chavez needed the protection that the Tupa gang could offer, and the Tupas needed the resources and opportunities that Chavez could offer. They have worked well together ever since then in a quid pro quo relationship. Chavez was released from prison on March 26, 1994 and went on to be elected as president four years later (1998).
  •       It is a curious identity that we find in the Tupamaro street gang. On the one hand it identifies most specifically with being a guerilla warfare organization, dedicated to fighting the powers that be and seeking to implement its own type of revolution. On the other hand, it functions as a kind of armed paramilitary group that fervently defends and supports the controversial president of Venezuela — Hugo Chavez.
  • ...14 more annotations...
    • Shannon Coco
      Shannon Coco on 04 Oct 09
       
      this is important to note! while the Tupas are a gang, they also have an important role to play with the government.
  •  The contradiction here is that the identity of freedom fighter or urban guerilla organization is typically “at odds with” or antagonistic to the status quo. Here, in the case of the Tupamaros street gang of Venezuela, we find they have laid claim to the cloak of freedom fighter, but apparently with a new twist: they do not want a new revolution, they like who they have now — Chavez.
  •    The portion of their identity that is “guerilla fighter” is reserved for fighting against police, judges, and others who they need to intimidate. And, as will be shown, this is a gang totally capable of some well-organized, military scale violence.
  •   One of the long standing “identifiers” of the Tupa gang is that they have historically worn a “hood” to hide their face and conceal their identity. These “hoods” are nothing more than dark, black or brown or blue in color, knit face masks that also roll up as a “hat”. They were a part of the Tupa uniform though from their beginning all the way up until recently. A Tupa will today have one in their possessions, they just may not use it as much.
  •             While traffic stood at a standstill, the Tupamaros on motorcycles began their assault — couching it as a “democratic protest”. Highly trained in such urban protest-assault tactics, typically one member acts as a news media representative, videotaping the scene in case they are able to provoke American drivers into over-reacting. In unison, some of the others begin shouting pre-arranged “chants” and protest slogans, some wield banners, but almost all begin launching stones, bricks, eggs, tomatoes, whatever they can muster at the Ambassador’s car.         Although alarming, such actions are typical of a low intensity conflict designed to send a message to the U.S. officials. The Tupas could have just as easily opened fire with armor piecing ammunition using fully automatic weapons. But they did not. Rather, they repeatedly, over time, waged these kind of street protest attacks against the embassy officials.
    • Shannon Coco
      Shannon Coco on 04 Oct 09
       
      staged reaction to the U.S. Ambassador shows that they know how to create a riot in a way that helps them the most. they ensure the right conditions and are able to use the event in their favor
  • The Tupamaros street gang regularly gets away with murder and more.
  • Some people join the gang for the financial or econonic benefits: they are almost guaranteed a job of some kind, today often a government subsidized job. If they personally or have a family member that resides in the “el 23" barrio, then they can live “rent free”. Everyone in “el 23" is a squatter, but the Tupas gang will extort rent payments for anyone living there who is not in alliance to their gang.
  • They feel a need to stand out, to escalate, to take things to extremes, they are fanatical in certain regards. A common method of execution used by the Tupas is to simply hang the victim. The Tupas are known to be armed, have access to military grade weapons, and they make firearms available free to youthful members of the gang.
  • a militaristic sense of entitlement.
  • if a local program was offering assistance to the needy and poor, Tupa members would be first in line seeking any additional handout they can get.
  • The Carapaica gang exists separately and apart from the Tupas. It also identifies itself as an armed leftist guerrilla organization. It functions similarly outside of the law, as a vigilante organization.
  •   The Tupamaro gang leaders are accumulating significant wealth and they function like a local ghetto group who collects “tribute” for King Chavez. Extorting goods, service, and street taxes or protection money is a main ongoing source of income for the Tupamaro gang
  • it illustrates a type of gang organization that has made a transition into state-sponsorship. For gang specialist police officers it is the ultimate example of a gang gone wild: a gang that specializes in extra-legal vigilante-style violence develops over time into a gang subsidized and directed by the government — indeed, major leaders in the Tupa gang today hold positions of enormous “police power” in Venezuela. And as stated, the primary sponsor of the Tupas is Hugo Chavez, the controversial president of Venezuela.
Liza Detenber

The Protagonistic Role of Women in Latin America - 0 views

www.epica.org/...la_women.htm

Feminism Protagonist Caribbean Patriarchal Movement

shared by Liza Detenber on 08 Sep 09 - Cached
  • Liza Detenber on 08 Sep 09
     
    This article explores the roles of women in Latin America and the Caribbean. The article begins with the traditional view of women and their stereotypes. Then it moves into the feminist movements and how women are trying to recreate their identities. It discusses the conflict of feminism in a patriarchal society and the women of Latin America and the Caribbean can rise above the traditions and have equal rights. Women are trying to transform this exclusive society in to an inclusive one.
Liza Detenber

Machismo - Bibliography - 0 views

science.jrank.org/...Machismo.html

Machismo gender roles Women's Rights discrimination gender homosexuality

shared by Liza Detenber on 15 Sep 09 - Cached
  • Liza Detenber on 15 Sep 09
     
    This website offers an in-depth definition of machismo, how it was constructed and how it affects feminism. This article also explores the causes of the "Macho man". Mostly however, this article discusses the affects of the "Machismo" on women's identities over the years.
Liza Detenber

Venezuela church-state clash grows | csmonitor.com - 0 views

www.csmonitor.com/...p07s04-woam.html

Christianity Venezuela Religion Urban Cultural Change

shared by Liza Detenber on 02 Oct 09 - Cached
  • Liza Detenber on 02 Oct 09
     
    This article discusses the battle between the catholic church and Venezuela's socialist president, Chavez. The catholic church is being criticized as being "Chavistas" because their new mission is a "preference for the poor". Some members of the church are willing to accept that they are following some of Chavez' principals, yet others want to make a clear distinction. The article explores these identity conflicts.
Morgan Foster

Religion in Motion - 0 views

books.google.com/books

Faith Pentecostal Religion Christianity Protestant

shared by Morgan Foster on 04 Oct 09 - Cached
  • Morgan Foster on 04 Oct 09
     
    This article explores the full range of religious changes in Latin America while it experienced a profound pluralization of faith. This article gives an overview of the religious economies theory and the subcultural identity theory to use them and reanalyze the process of pluralization in Latin America.
Elcey Williams

Document - Guatemala: Fear for safety/Death threats | Amnesty International - 0 views

www.amnesty.org/...amr340022009en.html

shared by Elcey Williams on 18 Nov 09 - Cached
  • Elcey Williams on 18 Nov 09
     
    There are many relevant links at the Amnesty International website, but this one deals with recent threats of reprisals against those who seek to uncover the bodies and identities of the disappeared persons in Guatemala.
SamanthaAndreacchi

Complex Defeat for Nobel Winner in Guatemala - NYTimes.com - 0 views

www.nytimes.com/...11guatxx.html

Politics Guatemala Rigoberta Menchu Elections Democracy

shared by SamanthaAndreacchi on 17 Nov 09 - Cached
  • SamanthaAndreacchi on 17 Nov 09
     
    This article examines the reasons behind the loss of Rigoberta Menchu as a presidential candidate. Embedded within the article are issues of identity and conspiracy as some are out rightly opposed to her as a candidate, while others cannot understand how she fared so poorly.
Arabica Robusta

Healing in the Homeland - Haitian Vodou Tradition - 0 views

www.blacklooks.org/13000

haiti indigenous resistance power culture

shared by Arabica Robusta on 04 Aug 14 - No Cached
  • she emphasizes that to reclaim one’s culture and identity through the Vodou tradition is a liberation from colonial mentality and a way to bridge the cultural gap between bourgeois and the popular masses.
  • An awareness of the origins and the centrality of Vodou and Kreyol to Haitian identity formation, enables us to understand why both have been maligned and desecrated by Europeans from the beginning of the Transatlantic slave trade. The colonizers and plantation owners realized very quickly that Vodou Tradition was critical to freedom and from then until now, they have never ceased in attempts to destroy the essence of Haitian culture.
  • Anything can be a Poto Mitan; in my Lakou, a mango tree or palm tree. When you put your ear to the palm tree you can hear the energy so its our connection to nature, to the energy and with spirits and our respect for nature. Around the Poto Mitan even from the time of the Taínos, it is here that we sit, we discuss and make plans. Its a collaborative consensus thing. And that is why I say it is a place of decolonization because this is the place of our truth.
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • MMA: I respected all their stories because they are all powerful. However, I admire a lot Grann Ayizan Velekete. [Standing Tall] She has moved to the world of the ancestors, I miss her, but she has done so much work and I identify with her in so many ways. It was a hard time, she had the whole society against her, she went to the countryside, to the Manbo’s house. Even today her family refuses to admit that she said these things but its all on tape, thats her voice. So Grann Ayizan to me was a fighter. SE: She was my favorite too. She had so much to fight against because she went against the grain of her social class and because she was a woman too. I wonder why she chose Grann Ayizan?
  • The Haitian elite do not like the word; they like to think they are French. Affranchi is not based on color, it is social status from pre-independence, someone of African descent who paid for his freedom. This is why in the book I did not use race as a variable because everyone is Black [Dessalines declared every Haitian to be Black].
  • y poetry is a reflection of the journey of my soul in particular time and space that brings magic to my life. It is often thought-provoking as it interrogates, shares, brings into perspective, writes back, questions, talkback, defends, speaks out, brings close, teaches, shows gratitude, understands, nurtures, remembers, dreams, honors, gives hope, cherishes and above all Heal and LOVE.
  • The DNA revealed that I am connected to the Yoruba people [this is the Kingdom Nago / the Oyo Kingdom, during the time and prior to slavery,] and the Hausa and Bamileke people from Cameroon which was South Kongo prior and during the slave trade. This knowledge is found in the Vodou songs.
  • I feel something and I write it, these are my healing processes. I do not think of myself so much as Haitian American or American or Haitian. I just feel that where I am is where I need to be in this world. So I write, I dance, I paint
Jessie Davidson

Machismo Sexual Identity - 1 views

www.stanford.edu/...ekobash_HIVmachismo_Latin.html

machismo men Latin America sexual power macho

shared by Jessie Davidson on 03 Sep 09 - Cached
  • Jessie Davidson on 03 Sep 09
     
    While machismo is a concept that dictates many aspects of Latin American male behavior, it has particular relevance to male sexual culture. In terms of machismo, males have an "expansive and almost uncontrollable" sexual appetite, and it is their right to satisfy that desire in the ways they choose (1). In contrast, female sexuality is seen as an object over which the male has control.
Courtney Connors

Foreign Policy: Gays in Latin America: Is the Closet Half Empty? - 0 views

www.foreignpolicy.com/...cms.php

Homosexuality Gay Rights Human Rights Political Movements Legislation

shared by Courtney Connors on 16 Sep 09 - No Cached
  • The region is becoming gayer. It's not that there are more gays and lesbians living in Latin America (we would never know)
  • he region is becoming more gay-friendly
  • Latin America was the land of the closet and the home of the macho
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • In 1998, Ecuador's new constitution introduced protections against discrimination based on sexual orientation. In 1999, Chile decriminalized same-sex intercourse. Rio de Janeiro's state legislature banned sexual-orientation discrimination in public and private establishments in 2000. In 2002, Buenos Aires guaranteed all couples, regardless of gender, the right to register civil unions. The policy changes just kept coming. In 2003, Mexico passed a federal antidiscrimination law that included sexual orientation. A year later, the government of Brazil initiated "Brasil sem homofobia" (Brazil without homophobia), a program with nongovernmental organizations to change social attitudes toward sexuality. In 2006, Mexico City approved the Societal Cohabitation Law, granting same-sex couples marital rights identical to those for common-law relationships between a man and a woman. Uruguay passed a 2007 law granting access to health benefits, inheritance, parenting, and pension rights to all couples who have cohabited for at least five years. In 2008, Nicaragua reformed its penal code to decriminalize same-sex relations. Even Cuba's authoritarian new president, Raúl Castro, has allowed free sex-change operations for qualifying citizen
  • regime change
  • homophobia
  • A recent survey in Brazil, the country with the largest gay-pride parades in the world, showed that 58 percent of respondents still agree with the statement, "Homosexuality is a sin against the laws of God," and 41 percent with "Homosexuality is an illness that should be treated."
  • Courtney Connors on 16 Sep 09
     
    This article proposes the idea that an increasing number of Latin American countries have become more acceptive of gay and lesbian ideals. Due to regime changes, the once "closeted macho" countries now welcome such legislation as protections against sexual discrimination; the decriminalization of same-sex intercourse; grants to health benefits, parenting, and so on in countries like Ecuador, Mexico, Brazil, Uruguay, and NIcaragua.
Shannon Coco

Take Action: Just Associates (JASS): Feminist Action in Guatemala: All Women United Aga... - 0 views

www.awid.org/...-Women-United-Against-Violence

feminism women's rights guatemala politics government corruption

shared by Shannon Coco on 17 Nov 09 - Cached
    • Shannon Coco
      Shannon Coco on 17 Nov 09
       
      The organized crime and narco-trafficking of the government has brought a continued decline in the wellbeing of the people of Guatemala. They are unjustly targeted and their human rights are violated as the government continues to destroy their own people.
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