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張 旭

The Twelve-Factor App - 0 views

  • software is commonly delivered as a service: called web apps, or software-as-a-service.
  • Use declarative formats for setup automation
  • offering maximum portability between execution environments
  • ...18 more annotations...
  • obviating the need for servers and systems administration
  • Minimize divergence between development and production
  • scale up without significant changes to tooling, architecture, or development practices
  • Ops engineers who deploy or manage such applications.
  • developer building applications which run as a service
  • One codebase
  • many deploys
  • in the environment
  • services as attached resources
  • Explicitly declare
  • separate build and run stages
  • stateless processes
  • Export services via port binding
  • Scale out
  • fast startup and graceful shutdown
  • as similar as possible
  • logs as event streams
  • admin/management tasks as one-off processes
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    "software is commonly delivered as a service: called web apps, or software-as-a-service"
crazylion lee

MAME Multiple Arcade Machine Emulator - 0 views

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    "MAME originally stood for Multiple Arcade Machine Emulator. MAME's purpose is to preserve decades of software history. As electronic technology continues to rush forward, MAME prevents this important "vintage" software from being lost and forgotten. This is achieved by documenting the hardware and how it functions. The source code to MAME serves as this documentation. The fact that the software is usable serves primarily to validate the accuracy of the documentation (how else can you prove that you have recreated the hardware faithfully?). Over time, MAME absorbed the sister-project MESS (Multi Emulator Super System), so MAME now documents a wide variety of (mostly vintage) computers, video game consoles and calculators, in addition to the arcade video games that were its initial focus."
crazylion lee

Introduction to the Personal Software Process(sm) 1, Watts S. Humphrey, eBook - Amazon.com - 0 views

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    "Introduction to the Personal Software Process(sm) 1st Edition, Kindle Edition"
crazylion lee

A Discipline for Software Engineering: Watts S. Humphrey: 9780201546101: Amazon.com: Books - 0 views

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    "A Discipline for Software Engineering 1st Edition"
張 旭

What is DevOps? | Atlassian - 0 views

  • DevOps is a set of practices that automates the processes between software development and IT teams, in order that they can build, test, and release software faster and more reliably.
  • increased trust, faster software releases, ability to solve critical issues quickly, and better manage unplanned work.
  • bringing together the best of software development and IT operations.
  • ...39 more annotations...
  • DevOps is a culture, a movement, a philosophy.
  • a firm handshake between development and operations
  • DevOps isn’t magic, and transformations don’t happen overnight.
  • Infrastructure as code
  • Culture is the #1 success factor in DevOps.
  • Building a culture of shared responsibility, transparency and faster feedback is the foundation of every high performing DevOps team.
  •  'not our problem' mentality
  • DevOps is that change in mindset of looking at the development process holistically and breaking down the barrier between Dev and Ops.
  • Speed is everything.
  • Lack of automated test and review cycles block the release to production and poor incident response time kills velocity and team confidence
  • Open communication helps Dev and Ops teams swarm on issues, fix incidents, and unblock the release pipeline faster.
  • Unplanned work is a reality that every team faces–a reality that most often impacts team productivity.
  • “cross-functional collaboration.”
  • All the tooling and automation in the world are useless if they aren’t accompanied by a genuine desire on the part of development and IT/Ops professionals to work together.
  • DevOps doesn’t solve tooling problems. It solves human problems.
  • Forming project- or product-oriented teams to replace function-based teams is a step in the right direction.
  • sharing a common goal and having a plan to reach it together
  • join sprint planning sessions, daily stand-ups, and sprint demos.
  • DevOps culture across every department
  • open channels of communication, and talk regularly
  • DevOps isn’t one team’s job. It’s everyone’s job.
  • automation eliminates repetitive manual work, yields repeatable processes, and creates reliable systems.
  • Build, test, deploy, and provisioning automation
  • continuous delivery: the practice of running each code change through a gauntlet of automated tests, often facilitated by cloud-based infrastructure, then packaging up successful builds and promoting them up toward production using automated deploys.
  • automated deploys alert IT/Ops to server “drift” between environments, which reduces or eliminates surprises when it’s time to release.
  • “configuration as code.”
  • when DevOps uses automated deploys to send thoroughly tested code to identically provisioned environments, “Works on my machine!” becomes irrelevant.
  • A DevOps mindset sees opportunities for continuous improvement everywhere.
  • regular retrospectives
  • A/B testing
  • failure is inevitable. So you might as well set up your team to absorb it, recover, and learn from it (some call this “being anti-fragile”).
  • Postmortems focus on where processes fell down and how to strengthen them – not on which team member f'ed up the code.
  • Our engineers are responsible for QA, writing, and running their own tests to get the software out to customers.
  • How long did it take to go from development to deployment? 
  • How long does it take to recover after a system failure?
  • service level agreements (SLAs)
  • Devops isn't any single person's job. It's everyone's job.
  • DevOps is big on the idea that the same people who build an application should be involved in shipping and running it.
  • developers and operators pair with each other in each phase of the application’s lifecycle.
crazylion lee

https://states-language.net/spec.html#example - 0 views

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    "This document describes a JSON-based language used to describe state machines declaratively. The state machines thus defined may be executed by software. In this document, the software is referred to as "the interpreter"."
crazylion lee

1. Overview - Professional Software Development 2017.01 - 0 views

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    "This quote (sometimes attributed to Leonardo da Vinci), applies to many types of creative work including software development. Unfortunately perfection is never achieved, only approached, as we close in bit-by-bit to its asymptote . "
crazylion lee

Skia Graphics Library - 0 views

shared by crazylion lee on 09 Oct 15 - No Cached
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    "Skia is an open source 2D graphics library which provides common APIs that work across a variety of hardware and software platforms. It serves as the graphics engine for Google Chrome and Chrome OS, Android, Mozilla Firefox and Firefox OS, and many other products. Skia is sponsored and managed by Google, but is available for use by anyone under the BSD Free Software License. While engineering of the core components is done by the Skia development team, we consider contributions from any source. "
crazylion lee

Phabricator - 0 views

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    Phabricator is a collection of open source web applications that help software companies build better software.
張 旭

Introducing Infrastructure as Code | Linode - 0 views

  • Infrastructure as Code (IaC) is a technique for deploying and managing infrastructure using software, configuration files, and automated tools.
  • With the older methods, technicians must configure a device manually, perhaps with the aid of an interactive tool. Information is added to configuration files by hand or through the use of ad-hoc scripts. Configuration wizards and similar utilities are helpful, but they still require hands-on management. A small group of experts owns the expertise, the process is typically poorly defined, and errors are common.
  • The development of the continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) pipeline made the idea of treating infrastructure as software much more attractive.
  • ...20 more annotations...
  • Infrastructure as Code takes advantage of the software development process, making use of quality assurance and test automation techniques.
  • Consistency/Standardization
  • Each node in the network becomes what is known as a snowflake, with its own unique settings. This leads to a system state that cannot easily be reproduced and is difficult to debug.
  • With standard configuration files and software-based configuration, there is greater consistency between all equipment of the same type. A key IaC concept is idempotence.
  • Idempotence makes it easy to troubleshoot, test, stabilize, and upgrade all the equipment.
  • Infrastructure as Code is central to the culture of DevOps, which is a mix of development and operations
  • edits are always made to the source configuration files, never on the target.
  • A declarative approach describes the final state of a device, but does not mandate how it should get there. The specific IaC tool makes all the procedural decisions. The end state is typically defined through a configuration file, a JSON specification, or a similar encoding.
  • An imperative approach defines specific functions or procedures that must be used to configure the device. It focuses on what must happen, but does not necessarily describe the final state. Imperative techniques typically use scripts for the implementation.
  • With a push configuration, the central server pushes the configuration to the destination device.
  • If a device is mutable, its configuration can be changed while it is active
  • Immutable devices cannot be changed. They must be decommissioned or rebooted and then completely rebuilt.
  • an immutable approach ensures consistency and avoids drift. However, it usually takes more time to remove or rebuild a configuration than it does to change it.
  • System administrators should consider security issues as part of the development process.
  • Ansible is a very popular open source IaC application from Red Hat
  • Ansible is often used in conjunction with Kubernetes and Docker.
  • Linode offers a collection of several Ansible guides for a more comprehensive overview.
  • Pulumi permits the use of a variety of programming languages to deploy and manage infrastructure within a cloud environment.
  • Terraform allows users to provision data center infrastructure using either JSON or Terraform’s own declarative language.
  • Terraform manages resources through the use of providers, which are similar to APIs.
crazylion lee

saiprashanths/dl-setup: Instructions for setting up the software on your deep learning ... - 0 views

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    "Instructions for setting up the software on your deep learning machine"
crazylion lee

Software Library: Amiga : Free Texts : Download & Streaming : Internet Archive - 0 views

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    "Software Library: Amiga"
張 旭

Introduction - Packer by HashiCorp - 0 views

  • A machine image is a single static unit that contains a pre-configured operating system and installed software which is used to quickly create new running machines.
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    "A machine image is a single static unit that contains a pre-configured operating system and installed software which is used to quickly create new running machines."
crazylion lee

GitHub - google/cloudprober: An active monitoring software to detect failures before yo... - 1 views

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    "An active monitoring software to detect failures before your customers do. https://cloudprober.org"
張 旭

Kubernetes Components | Kubernetes - 0 views

  • A Kubernetes cluster consists of a set of worker machines, called nodes, that run containerized applications
  • Every cluster has at least one worker node.
  • The control plane manages the worker nodes and the Pods in the cluster.
  • ...29 more annotations...
  • The control plane's components make global decisions about the cluster
  • Control plane components can be run on any machine in the cluster.
  • for simplicity, set up scripts typically start all control plane components on the same machine, and do not run user containers on this machine
  • The API server is the front end for the Kubernetes control plane.
  • kube-apiserver is designed to scale horizontally—that is, it scales by deploying more instances. You can run several instances of kube-apiserver and balance traffic between those instances.
  • Kubernetes cluster uses etcd as its backing store, make sure you have a back up plan for those data.
  • watches for newly created Pods with no assigned node, and selects a node for them to run on.
  • Factors taken into account for scheduling decisions include: individual and collective resource requirements, hardware/software/policy constraints, affinity and anti-affinity specifications, data locality, inter-workload interference, and deadlines.
  • each controller is a separate process, but to reduce complexity, they are all compiled into a single binary and run in a single process.
  • Node controller
  • Job controller
  • Endpoints controller
  • Service Account & Token controllers
  • The cloud controller manager lets you link your cluster into your cloud provider's API, and separates out the components that interact with that cloud platform from components that only interact with your cluster.
  • If you are running Kubernetes on your own premises, or in a learning environment inside your own PC, the cluster does not have a cloud controller manager.
  • An agent that runs on each node in the cluster. It makes sure that containers are running in a Pod.
  • The kubelet takes a set of PodSpecs that are provided through various mechanisms and ensures that the containers described in those PodSpecs are running and healthy.
  • The kubelet doesn't manage containers which were not created by Kubernetes.
  • kube-proxy is a network proxy that runs on each node in your cluster, implementing part of the Kubernetes Service concept.
  • kube-proxy maintains network rules on nodes. These network rules allow network communication to your Pods from network sessions inside or outside of your cluster.
  • kube-proxy uses the operating system packet filtering layer if there is one and it's available.
  • Kubernetes supports several container runtimes: Docker, containerd, CRI-O, and any implementation of the Kubernetes CRI (Container Runtime Interface).
  • Addons use Kubernetes resources (DaemonSet, Deployment, etc) to implement cluster features
  • namespaced resources for addons belong within the kube-system namespace.
  • all Kubernetes clusters should have cluster DNS,
  • Cluster DNS is a DNS server, in addition to the other DNS server(s) in your environment, which serves DNS records for Kubernetes services.
  • Containers started by Kubernetes automatically include this DNS server in their DNS searches.
  • Container Resource Monitoring records generic time-series metrics about containers in a central database, and provides a UI for browsing that data.
  • A cluster-level logging mechanism is responsible for saving container logs to a central log store with search/browsing interface.
張 旭

Full Cycle Developers at Netflix - Operate What You Build - 1 views

  • Researching issues felt like bouncing a rubber ball between teams, hard to catch the root cause and harder yet to stop from bouncing between one another.
  • In the past, Edge Engineering had ops-focused teams and SRE specialists who owned the deploy+operate+support parts of the software life cycle
  • hearing about those problems second-hand
  • ...17 more annotations...
  • devs could push code themselves when needed, and also were responsible for off-hours production issues and support requests
  • What were we trying to accomplish and why weren’t we being successful?
  • These specialized roles create efficiencies within each segment while potentially creating inefficiencies across the entire life cycle.
  • Grouping differing specialists together into one team can reduce silos, but having different people do each role adds communication overhead, introduces bottlenecks, and inhibits the effectiveness of feedback loops.
  • devops principles
  • develops a system also be responsible for operating and supporting that system
  • Each development team owns deployment issues, performance bugs, capacity planning, alerting gaps, partner support, and so on.
  • Those centralized teams act as force multipliers by turning their specialized knowledge into reusable building blocks.
  • Communication and alignment are the keys to success.
  • Full cycle developers are expected to be knowledgeable and effective in all areas of the software life cycle.
  • ramping up on areas they haven’t focused on before
  • We run dev bootcamps and other forms of ongoing training to impart this knowledge and build up these skills
  • “how can I automate what is needed to operate this system?”
  • “what self-service tool will enable my partners to answer their questions without needing me to be involved?”
  • A full cycle developer thinks and acts like an SWE, SDET, and SRE. At times they create software that solves business problems, at other times they write test cases for that, and still other times they automate operational aspects of that system.
  • the need for continuous delivery pipelines, monitoring/observability, and so on.
  • Tooling and automation help to scale expertise, but no tool will solve every problem in the developer productivity and operations space
crazylion lee

GitHub - dstotijn/hetty: Hetty is an HTTP toolkit for security research. It aims to bec... - 0 views

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    "Hetty is an HTTP toolkit for security research. It aims to become an open source alternative to commercial software like Burp Suite Pro, with powerful features tailored to the needs of the infosec and bug bounty community."
張 旭

Container Runtimes | Kubernetes - 0 views

  • Kubernetes releases before v1.24 included a direct integration with Docker Engine, using a component named dockershim. That special direct integration is no longer part of Kubernetes
  • You need to install a container runtime into each node in the cluster so that Pods can run there.
  • Kubernetes 1.26 requires that you use a runtime that conforms with the Container Runtime Interface (CRI).
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • On Linux, control groups are used to constrain resources that are allocated to processes.
  • Both kubelet and the underlying container runtime need to interface with control groups to enforce resource management for pods and containers and set resources such as cpu/memory requests and limits.
  • When the cgroupfs driver is used, the kubelet and the container runtime directly interface with the cgroup filesystem to configure cgroups.
  • The cgroupfs driver is not recommended when systemd is the init system
  • When systemd is chosen as the init system for a Linux distribution, the init process generates and consumes a root control group (cgroup) and acts as a cgroup manager.
  • Two cgroup managers result in two views of the available and in-use resources in the system.
  • Changing the cgroup driver of a Node that has joined a cluster is a sensitive operation. If the kubelet has created Pods using the semantics of one cgroup driver, changing the container runtime to another cgroup driver can cause errors when trying to re-create the Pod sandbox for such existing Pods. Restarting the kubelet may not solve such errors.
  • The approach to mitigate this instability is to use systemd as the cgroup driver for the kubelet and the container runtime when systemd is the selected init system.
  • Kubernetes 1.26 defaults to using v1 of the CRI API. If a container runtime does not support the v1 API, the kubelet falls back to using the (deprecated) v1alpha2 API instead.
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