Thrice handicapped-a woman, a Pole, and a Jew- Rosa Luxemburg was the most eloquent voice of the left wing of German Social Democracy, the defender of Marxist purity against all comers, and a constant advocate of radical action. She spent much of the war in jail, where she wrote and then smuggled out the pamphlet titled "The War and the Workers." The pamphlet became the guiding statement for the International Group, which became the Spartacus League and ultimately the Communist Party of Germany in January 1st of 1919.
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