"constructivism that recognizes all kinds of intellectual products as human constructions: theories, algorithms, proofs, designs, plans, analogies, and on and on." (pg 4). This really jives with my thinking: I have concluded (over time and much learning, observation) that EVERYTHING is a construct. I firmly believe in nurture over nature as a determinant in so many aspects of human development.
"Participatory learning" is one term used to describe how we can learn together from one another's skills. "Cognitive surplus" is another used in the digital world for that "more than the sum of the parts" form of collaborative thinking that happens when groups think together online.
We spent a good deal of time thinking about how accident, disruption, distraction, and difference increase the motivation to learn and to solve problems, both individually and collectively. To find examples, we spent time with a dance ensemble rehearsin
"Computers have had a transformative impact on many fields, it is thus natural to expect that they are having an effect on educational practice leading to a dramatically fresher, more engaging and more powerful process of learning -educational wonderland."
Two observations:
1. Computers do very little to aid learning. Their presence in the classroom along with relevant software does not automatically inspire teachers to rethink their teaching or students to adopt new modes of learning. Teachers do not radically transform what they would do without computers, although it may make things more efficient and fun.
Computer technology may provide interesting and powerful learning opportunities, but these are not taken automatically, teachers and learners need to learn how to take advantage of them.
2. It is the whole culture of a learning environment, with or without computers, that can affect learning in important ways
"It's not what technology can do, but what learning demands, best points up to the potential contributions of technology."
Technology is helping things along, sometimes in crucial ways, rather than in itself doing the real work of teaching.
Computers can become partners in cognition with learners, rightly used computers can enable what needs to happen in knowledge networking. Computers can make easier and more efficient what might need to be done in more cumbersome and convoluted ways.
This article proposes an evolution in teaching and learning that will facilitate the needs of the 21st century learner. Successful examples are highlighted to introduce the various pieces needed to create the picture of a new learningscape, a hybrid model of learning. First, the atlier form of learning, modeled after the architecture studio is described where student work is public within the studio and is critiqued by fellow students and directed by the instructor or master architect. He then describes an apprenticeship model in which students "learn to be" and practice productive inquiry in which they actively seek what they need in order to do what they want to do. Next, Seely-Brown explored the use of backchanneling, and bringing it to the forefront, which transforms a class into a collaborative team. Finally he describes the passion based learning exhibited by the "pro-amatuer". These are niche communities forming on the web, sharing ideas and information. The example provided was amateur astronomers who share tips, post images, and interact with each other and with professionals in the field.
Seely-Brown combines these various thoughts, into what he calls the Grand Transition in our educational approach from supply-push mode to demand-pull mode. The hybrid model of learning is a culture of peer-based learning and building in which students participate in passion-based niche communities of co-creation complemented by a core curriculum.
This paper discusses the significant impact of digital technology in teacher education, and the necessity of having teacher educators model effective strategies for integration of digital technology. The author describes an initiative started in the California education system, called The Digital Flexbook, "The term flexbook refers to the free, nonlinear, highly customizable and easy-to-use nature of open source textbooks (Fletcher, 2010)." Benefits such as collaboration among school districts, interactive classrooms, and increased teacher creativity were observed. Barriers such as lack of funds, lack of student access to technology at home, and lack of PD for teachers were also observed.
Further benefits such as the ability to accurately reflect a community, the presence of a collaborative space to construct knowledge in innovative ways, showing multiple perspectives, promoting higher order thinking, and democratising knowledge.
The author lists Web2.0 tools such as "...video sharing sites, wikis, blogs, podcasts, and social networking sites like Twitter (Richardson, 2006a), all of which move students from consumers of information to editors of information.
Research and experience show the need to infuse the TPCK model into teacher education, thus allowing students to become generators of knowledge and contributors to the Internet. One more big benefit of such constructivist pedagogy is allows for teachers and students to become more critical of the … intersection of race, gender, and
socio-economic status on the writing of history, and integrated a model for how technology can and should be used in the classroom.
The Horizon Report is a 46 page document produced by 3 organizations: the New Media Consortium (NMC), the Consortium for School Networking (CoSN), and the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE). The report is part of a larger project that examines technologies that are emerging or are predicted to emerge within the next five years in education. Three reports are created each year: Higher Education, Primary and Secondary Education (K-12), and Museum Education.
In the Primary and Secondary Education (K-12) edition, there are six key technologies mapped out in three categories. The first category, "Near-term Horizon," includes devices, apps, and tablet computing. These technologies were indicated to be implemented in education within a 12 month period when this report was published last year. The second category, "Mid-term Horizon," is indicated to be two to three years away, and includes Game-based learning, and Personal Learning Environments (PLEs). Finally, the report includes two sets of technology in the "Far-term Horizon," which are plotted as four to five years out. These technologies are Augmented Reality (AR), and Natural User Interfaces.
This comprehensive report outlines not only these emerging technologies, but also addresses the trends and challenges in educational technology at the time of publication. It will be very interesting to see what technologies are reported on when the 2013 edition is published this June.
Tech's Role in Learning is a 33 minute video produced by Sheryl Nussbaum-Beach that focuses on the implementation and use of technology in Project Based Learning. Nussbaum-Beach begins by looking at the TPAC model and the revised Bloom's Taxonomy (http://www.apa.org/ed/new_blooms.html) with an emphasis on students becoming creators (or producers) of knowledge. She argues that the current model of classroom instruction (desks in rows, learning independently) will not work in the 21st century, and that we need to help our students construct their knowledge in a way that will prepare them for their future in an online world.
The main point that Nussbaum-Beach makes in this video is that when our students get out into the real world, they will be connected to a global learning network. Whatever they do in life, they will be able to connect and collaborate with others around the world. It therefore becomes our job as educators to not only become connected learners ourselves, but to teach our students how to be connected learners as well. Our students need to be constructing their knowledge and sharing/publishing their learning with the world. She presents new "digital literacies" as tools that all students need to know to become members of this new global society and to make a difference in the world.