there were many different city-states
in ancient Greece,
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Ancient Greek Government - Ancient Greece for Kids! - 5 views
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Aristotle divided Greek governments into monarchies, oligarchies, tyrannies and democracies, and most historians still use these same divisions.
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Then in the 600s and 500s BC a lot of city-states were taken over by tyrants. Tyrants were usually one of the aristocrats who got power over the others by getting the support of the poor people. They ruled kind of like kings, but without any legal right to rule.
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at each period there were plenty of city-states using a different system, and there were many which never did become democracies or tyrannies at all.
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many Greek city-states kept oligarchic government, or tyrannies, or monarchies, through this whole time
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and they each had their own government. In addition, people's ideas about what made a good government changed over time.
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The Greeks had a lot of different kinds of governments
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The Greeks had a lot of different kinds of governments, because there were many different city-states in ancient Greece, and they each had their own government.
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Most of the people in Athens couldn't vote - no women, no slaves, no foreigners (even Greeks from other city-states), no children.
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The Greeks had a lot of different kinds of governments, because there were many different city-states in ancient Greece
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Sparta is the most famous of these, though actually Sparta had two kings, usually brothers or cousins, at the same time.
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Ancient Greece - Culture and Society in the Ancient Greek World - 4 views
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The majority of Greek states were governed by groups of rich landowners, called aristocrats; this word is derived from 'aristoi', meaning best people. This was a system known as 'oligarchy' the rule by the few.
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Greek Society was mainly broken up between Free people and Slaves, who were owned by the free people.
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The social classes applied to men only, as women all took their social and legal status from their husband or their male partner. Women in ancient Greece were not permitted to take part in public life.
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Greek Government - Ancient History Encyclopedia - 0 views
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Surviving, though, are over 150 political speeches and 20,000 inscriptions which include 500 decrees and 10 laws.
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Any male citizen 18 years or over could speak (at least in theory) and vote in the assembly, usually with a simple show of hands.
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Perhaps the most famous bad decision from the Athenian democracy was the death sentence given to the philosopher Socrates in 399 BCE.
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In other Greek states then, there were also democratic assemblies, sometimes, though, with a minimum property stipulation for attendees (as in the Boiotian federation 447-386 BCE). Some city-states also mixed democratic assemblies with a monarchy (for example, Macedonia and Molossia).
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BBC - History - Ancient History in depth: The Democratic Experiment - 1 views
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Take politics for example: apart from the word itself (from polis, meaning city-state or community) many of the other basic political terms in our everyday vocabulary are borrowed from the ancient Greeks: monarchy, aristocracy, tyranny, oligarchy and - of course - democracy.
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There's a theory that the word demokratia was coined by democracy's enemies, members of the rich and aristocratic elite who did not like being outvoted by the common herd, their social and economic inferiors.
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By the time of Aristotle (fourth century BC) there were hundreds of Greek democracies. Greece in those times was not a single political entity but rather a collection of some 1,500 separate poleis or 'cities' scattered round the Mediterranean and Black Sea shores 'like frogs around a pond', as Plato once charmingly put it.
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monarchies, called 'tyrannies' in cases where the sole ruler had usurped power by force rather than inheritanc
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nder this political system that Athens successfully resisted the Persian onslaughts of 490 and 480/79
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victory in turn encouraged the poorest Athenians to demand a greater say in the running of their city
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Ephialtes and Pericles presided over a radicalisation of power that shifted the balance decisively to the poorest sections of society
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when Athens had been weakened by the catastrophic Peloponnesian War (431-404) these critics got their chance
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n 411 and again in 404 Athenian oligarchs led counter-revolutions that replaced democracy with extreme oligarchy
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'blips' such as the trial of Socrates - the restored Athenian democracy flourished stably and effectively for another 80 years
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total population of fifth-century Athens, including its home territory of Attica, at around 250,000 - men, women and children, free and unfree, enfranchised and disenfranchised. Of those
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This was thought to be the democratic way, since election favoured the rich, famous and powerful over the ordinary citizen.
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mid fifth century, office holders, jurymen, members of the city's main administrative Council of 500, and even Assembly attenders were paid a small sum from public funds to compensate them for time spent on political service away from field or workshop.
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adult male citizens need apply for the privileges and duties of democratic government, and a birth criterion of double descent - from an Athenian mother as well as father -
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Athenian democracy did not happen only in the Assembly and Council. The courts were also essentially political spaces, located symbolically right at the centre of the city.
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One distinctively Athenian democratic practice that aroused the special ire of the system's critics was the practice of ostracism -
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For almost 100 years ostracism fulfilled its function of aborting serious civil unrest or even civil war
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Power to the people, all the people, especially the poor majority, remained the guiding principle of Athenian democracy.
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Welcome to My 7th Grade Adventure - History with Holman - 2 views
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And in the middle of the Classic Age of Greece, it was important for Greeks to travel and trade.
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interest as each citizen grabbed a small stone from a large pile and started dropping it in two separate piles:
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each for one side of the debate. It was quite obvious that the pile for stopping the use of the boat was a bit larger, so without any counting, everybody declared that the majority ruled.
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"At least it's not Sparta. Oligarchies," a small woman nearby talking the elder that I had ran into before whispered.
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Starting to think about our representative democracy back in the United States of America, I headed back to my sleeping spot the previous night. The debate had taken so long, it was almost sunset. Direct democracies are much more different than our representative democracy, I thought.
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In a direct democracy, there are no separation of powers: citizens create laws, enforce laws, and act as judges, whereas in a representative democracy, some people have more power than others and citizens vote people to create laws, enforce laws, and act as judges. But both direct and representative democracies are different than theocracies or monarchies.
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Lexi :) - History - 0 views
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He didn't look very rich for a ruler. But the man walked away from the taller rock and took a seat. Apparently it wasn't Athens wasn't a monarchy.
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decision had to be made."Some women have requested to have more rights. As citizens of Athens, it is crusial for us to make a decision here and now," said the man.
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That's when I realized there were only men surrounding me. A few of them were giving me weird looks.Just then a young teen approached me and said, "What you doing here? We both know that women aren't citizens and are defiantly not welcome to vote
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I tried to think back to social studies class and suddenly regretted taking that nap during our study of government.
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In an oligarchy only the rich have say. They don't understand what it is like to be a commoner. T
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Sparta, Ancient Greek City-State - Ancient Greece for Kids - 1 views
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In Sparta, boys were taken away from their parents at age 7. They lived a harsh and often brutal life in the soldiers barracks. Younger children were beaten by older children who started fights to help make the younger boys strong. Children were often were whipped in front of groups of other Spartans, including their parents, but they were not allowed to cry out in pain
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Spartan women, unlike women in the rest of Greek world, had a great deal of freedom. Many ran businesses. Sparta women were free to move about and visit neighbors without permission from their husbands
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Sparta was ruled by a small group of retired warriors. This type of government is called an oligarchy.
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The city-state of Sparta was basically a well-trained army. In other city-states, children entered military school at age 18. In Sparta, they entered at age 6. The girls were taught how to fight as well. Their school was separate from the boys' school.
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Men and male children, from the age of 6, lived in the soldiers' barracks until they retired from military service. The men were often off fighting. The women were left behind to guard their homes. Perhaps because of this, women in ancient Sparta had a great deal of freedom. They ran businesses. They were free to move around and visit neighbors without asking their husbands permission.
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World History Chapter 8 "Ancient Greece" 2000 - 500 BC Section 1 "Geography a... - 3 views
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Greece Democracy Geography Colonies History Sparta athens oligarchy
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Greek Government -- Ancient History Encyclopedia - 1 views
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The Constitution of the Athenians, one written by Aristotle or one of his pupils and the other attributed (by some) to Xenophon. Other sources which discuss politics and government include Aristotle’s Politics and the historical works of Herodotus, Thucydides, and Xenophon.
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Athens’ constitution is called a democracy because it respects the interests not of the minority but of the whole people.
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Any male citizen 18 years or over could speak (at least in theory) and vote in the assembly, usually with a simple show of hands.
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estimated that only 3,000 or so people actively participated in politics. Of this group, perhaps as few as 100 citizens - the wealthiest, most influential, and the best speakers - dominated the political arena both in front of the assembly and behind the scenes in private conspiratorial political meetings (xynomosiai) and groups (hetaireiai).
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the dēmos could be too easily swayed by a good orator or popular leaders (the demagogues) and get carried away with their emotions.
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Issues discussed in the assembly ranged from deciding magistracies to organising and maintaining food supplies to debating military matters
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There was also a boulē or council of 500 citizens chosen by lot and with a limited term of office, which acted as a kind of executive committee of the assembly. The decrees of the Assembly could also be challenged by the law courts.
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For the Greeks (or more particularly the Athenians) any system which excluded power from the whole citizen-body and was not a tyranny or monarchy was described as an oligarchy. Oligarchies were perhaps the most common form of city-state government and they often occurred when democracy went wrong.
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An oligarchy is a system of political power controlled by a select group of individuals, sometimes small in number but it could also include large groups. For the Greeks (or more particularly the Athenians) any system which excluded power from the whole citizen-body and was not a tyranny or monarchy was described as an oligarchy. Oligarchies were perhaps the most common form of city-state government and they often occurred when democracy went wrong.
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resourcesforhistoryteachers - 7.27 - 1 views
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Besides the obvious differences in philosophies, there is a very big difference in geography that cause these differences. Ancient Athens was situated somewhat close to the coast; it was only about five miles to the port city of Piraeus (which became part of Athens with the building of the Long Walls), thus it was no more then a few hours of travel from Athens to the coast line, thus greatly increasing the ability to be a trade center. Ancient Sparta however is located at the shortest distance 40 miles from the coast, however the terrain is somewhat rocky and there is no real straight path to the coast line. This would have greatly impeded the ability for Sparta to become a major trading port
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Spartan Government Typically classified as an "oligarchy" ( rule by the few), but had elements of monarchy, democracy, and aristocracy Two kings were usually generals who commanded the major Spartan armies. While both were capable military leaders one was usually considered the leader of the army. This was done mainly so that in times of war Sparta would still retain a leader if the other were to die in battle. The most famous example was King Leonidas, who famously was able to hold off the enormous Persian Army at the battle of Thermoplyae.Five overseers (ephors) ran the day-to-day operations of Sparta. These overseers held one year terms and were responsible for the education and conduct of all its citizens (The Essential World History, W. Duiker & J. Spielvogel, Second Edition, 2005, p. 76)Council or Senate (apella) of 28 councilmen. These men had to be over 60 years old and served lifetime terms. They acted as judges and proposed laws to the citizens' assembly.All Spartan males over age 30 could join the Assembly where they could show their support/dissent by shouting.
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Athens Government Typically classified as a “limited democracy.” Also considered the “birthplace of democracy.” Athens held the first democratic state, developed in 507 BC.Principally made up of elected officials:Council of 500 made most of the main administrative decisionsThe Assembly was open to all citizens. This body passed laws and made policy decisions.Although many nations throughout time have modeled their governments on the principles of Athenian Democracy, it was not perfect. Only men were able to participate in the democratic assemblies, and this was only 10-20% of the population. Women, children, slaves and foreigners were not allowed to participate
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Government - Ancient Greece for Kids - 0 views
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Democracy: Rule by the citizens, voting in an assembly. One city-state whose government experimented for about a hundred years with democracy was the ancient city-state of Athens.
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Oligarchy: Rule by a small group. One city-state whose government was an Oligarchy was the city-state of Sparta.
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Monarchy: Rule by a king. One city-state whose government was a monarchy was the city-state of Corinth.
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The ancient Greeks spoke the same language. They believed in the same gods. They shared a common heritage. They perceived themselves as Greeks.
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The ancient Greeks referred to themselves, however, as citizens of their hometown - their city-state.
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Rule by a small group. One city-state whose government was an oligarchy was the city-state of Sparta.
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Ancient Greek Government - 2 views
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ristotle divided Greek governments into monarchies, oligarchies, tyrannies and democracies, and most historians still use these same divisions
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ost city-states in the Archaic period were ruled by oligarchies, which is a group of aristocrats (rich men) who te
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Ancient Greek History for Kids: Government - 3 views
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The Greek City-State Ancient Greece was made up of city-states. A city-state was a major city and the surrounding areas. Each city-state had its own rule and government. Sometimes the city-states fought each other. Athens and Sparta were the two largest city-states and they had many wars and battles. Types of Government There were three main types of government: Democracy - A government ruled by the people, or assembly. Officials and leaders were elected and all citizens had a say. Monarchy - A single ruler like a king. In Athens this ruler was called a Tyrant. Oligarchy - When the government is ruled by a small group. Over time some city-states, like Athens would change governments. Sometimes they were ruled by Tyrants and, at other times, they were a democracy.
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Ancient Greece Government History >> Ancient Greece The Ancient Greeks may be most famous for their ideas and philosophies on government and politics. It was in Greece, and particularly Athens, that democracy was first conceived and used as a primary form of government. The Greek City-State
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aws. Rather than vote for representatives, like we do, each citizen was expected to vote for every law.
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In order to vote, you had to be a citizen. However, not everyone who lived in Athens was a citizen. Only men who had completed their military training were counted as citize
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SPARTAN GOVERNMENT - 2 views
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Sparta’s government was primarily an oligarchy, but it included democratic elements. Sparta had two kings, who came from two different families. But these monarchs did not have absolute power. They shared power with each other, and they also had to answer to council of elders, or gerousia.
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The Spartan government also discouraged pursuits that had no direct relationship to the military. As a result, the Spartans did not make significant achievements in art, literature, and philosophy. Nor did they leave much architecture. The Spartan leadership regarded most aspects of culture as frivolous and possibly corrupting.
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Oligarchy - History for Kids! - 0 views
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Oligarchy means the rule of the few, and those few are generally the people who are richer and more powerful than the others, what you might call the aristocrats or the nobles.
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Usually the way it works is that there is a group of people who are in charge, somehow. Sometimes they may be elected, and sometimes they are born into their position, and at other times you might have to have a certain amount of money or land in order to be in the council. Then this group of people meets every so often - every week or every month - to decide important questions, and to appoint somebody to deal with things. Like they might decide that it should be illegal to steal, and then they would appoint one of the nobles to be a judge, and decide if people were guilty of stealing, and decide what to do with them if they were.
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SDTV: American Gov't Transcript - 1 views
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Types of Government After the Revolutionary War, the founding fathers got together to discuss what type of government they wanted to establish. They considered four types: monarchy, oligarchy, aristocracy, democracy. Well, you probably already know which one they picked, but, for the sake of argument, pretend you don't. We know they didn't choose a monarchy, but what is a monarchy anyway? A monarchy is a form of government in which hereditary rulers (people who share the same bloodline) better known as kings and queens, wield absolute power over everybody. Absolute power? That means that the kings and queens can pretty much do whatever they want. Well, since the founders knew the monarchy thing didn't really fly in the original American colonies, they decided against a monarchy. They also considered oligarchy. An oligarchy consists of a body of individuals possessing high levels of wealth, social or military status, or achievement. These elite guys and gals pretty much rule everything and everyone. There was also aristocracy to consider. Aristocracy is rule by a privileged few. As nice as monarchies, oligarchies, and aristocracies may sound (at least to those lucky enough to be in power!), one of the reasons the colonists fought for independence in the first place was to free themselves from government structures that left little or no popular consent to the people. So, the founding fathers set up a democracy. A democracy is a form of government in which the people hold the power to rule themselves. But it's not quite as simple as that. In fact, there are two main types of democracy: direct democracy and indirect democracy. In a direct democracy, all the people get together and have an equal say in the laws they create. In an indirect democracy (also known as a representative democracy), people vote for representatives who work on their behalf to create laws. Once chosen, these representatives then vote within a government structure, making and passing laws. This is a two-step version of democracy. The founding fathers chose… an indirect democracy! After all, they figured that at some point in time, America would become a really, really big nation. And if that happened, there'd be no way they could possibly get everyone together to vote on every single thing.