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Conjugation: this is direct cell-to-cell contact between two cells through what is called a "conjugation tube". This tube allows for the transfer of genetic material (DNA, plasmids) to another cell so that it can integrate the resistance into its genome

when a cell dies the DNA that is left over can be absorbed by another cell near to it. When the cell dies, the bacterial wall breaks down and allows the material within to become accessible to other cells. When this material codes for genetic resistance to antibiotics, transfer occurs and the new cell is now resistant

Transduction: this occurs when genetic material is transferred from one cell to another through a bacteriophage. When bacteriophages infect cells and begin to proliferate in them, some bacterial DNA can sometimes be incorporated into the viral genome. When the bacteriophages are released and infect other cells, other cells can become resistant depending on what bacterial DNA was transferred