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Gonzalo San Gil, PhD.

The Beginner's Guide to the Hashtag - 1 views

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    "By Rebecca Hiscott2013-10-08 11:03:06 UTC If you're a social media novice, hashtags - those short links preceded by the pound sign (#) - may seem confusing and unnecessary. But they are integral to the way we communicate online, and it's important to know how to use them (even though some people, like Jimmy Fallon and Justin Timberlake, are not the biggest fans). Plus, they can be a lot of fun."
Gonzalo San Gil, PhD.

Freedom on the Net 2013 | Freedom House - 0 views

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    "Freedom on the Net 2013 is the fourth report in a series of comprehensive studies of internet freedom around the globe and covers developments in 60 countries that occurred between May 2012 and April 2013. Over 60 researchers, nearly all based in the countries they analyzed, contributed to the project by researching laws and practices relevant to the digital media, testing the accessibility of select websites, and interviewing a wide range of sources, among other research activities. This edition's findings indicate that internet freedom worldwide is in decline, with 34 out of 60 countries assessed in the report experiencing a negative trajectory during the coverage period. Broad surveillance, new laws controlling web content, and growing arrests of social-media users drove this overall decline in internet freedom in the past year. Nonetheless, Freedom on the Net 2013 also found that activists are becoming more effective at raising awareness of emerging threats and, in several cases, have helped forestall new repressive measures."
Gonzalo San Gil, PhD.

Accede a webs bloqueadas en el colegio o trabajo con Google Translate - 1 views

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    "Rubén Velasco | 7 octubre 2013 12:45 | 0 comentarios La mayoría de los colegios y puestos de trabajo bloquean muchas páginas web para evitar que los usuarios accedan a ellas durante el horario laboral. Aunque principalmente se centran en bloquear redes sociales y páginas de contenido inadecuado, en ocasiones pueden llegar a bloquear prácticamente toda la red impidiendo que los usuarios visiten ninguna página web."
Gonzalo San Gil, PhD.

"Self-Censorship on Facebook Sauvik Das and Adam Kramer - 0 views

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    Abstract We report results from an exploratory analysis examining "last - minute" self - censorship, or content that is filtered after being written, on Facebook. We collected data from 3.9 milion users over 17 days and associate self- censorship behavior with features describing users, their social graph, and the interactions between them. "
Gonzalo San Gil, PhD.

OpenITP improving tools used to circumvent censorship and surveillance | opensource.com - 0 views

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    "Software tools that bypass censorship and surveillance, also known as circumvention technology, are used in variety of contexts. Chinese citizens get around the Great Firewall to access censored sites and popular international social media platforms. Activists in Iran bypass government surveillance to post photos and video of anti-government demonstrations. Journalists in Mexico circumvent cartel surveillance to report on local drug-related violence."
Gonzalo San Gil, PhD.

Canon digital, tasa Google, enlaces, bloqueo de webs y otras … del marco lega... - 1 views

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    "Esta mañana el presidente de la Asociación de Internautas ha comparecido ante la Subcomisión de Estudio sobre redes sociales del Congreso de los Diputados y a continuaciín transcribimos la primera parte de su intervención en sede parlamentaria:"
Gonzalo San Gil, PhD.

Net Neutrality: A Great Step Forward for the Free Internet! | La Quadrature du Net - 1 views

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    "Submitted on 3 Apr 2014 - 11:46 Kroes Telecoms Package Net neutrality Neelie Kroes Catherine Trautmann Pilar del Castillo Vera press release Printer-friendly version Send by email Français Brussels, 3 April 2014 - Today the European Parliament adopted in first reading the Regulation on the Single Telecoms Market (see the vote call). By amending the text with the amendment proposals made by the Social-Democrats (S&D), Greens (Greens/EFA), United Left (GUE/NGL) and Liberals (ALDE), the Members of the European Parliament took a historic step for the protection of Net Neutrality and the Internet commons in the European Union. La Quadrature du Net warmly thanks all citizens, organisations and parliamentarians who took part in this campaign, and calls on them to remain mobilised for the rest of the legislative procedure."
Gonzalo San Gil, PhD.

Seminario sobre la importancia y transcendencia de la Ley de propiedad intelectual [6 M... - 0 views

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    "Con la participación de la Asociación de Internautas el 6 de mayo de 2014. Sitio: Consejo Económico y Social de España Lugar: Sala Anfiteatro. Calle Huertas, 73 - Madrid)"
Gonzalo San Gil, PhD.

The value of open source is the open development process: Scott Wilson OSS Watch | Open... - 0 views

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    "Scott Wilson agrees that open source matters because of open code, but just as important is the process in which the code is made. Open development of code is in the social nature of many programmers, hackers, documentors, and project managers. So, what is it about open development? "
Gary Edwards

The True Story of How the Patent Bar Captured a Court and Shrank the Intellectual Commo... - 1 views

  • The change in the law wrought by the Federal Circuit can also be viewed substantively through the controversy over software patents. Throughout the 1960s, the USPTO refused to award patents for software innovations. However, several of the USPTO’s decisions were overruled by the patent-friendly U.S. Court of Customs and Patent Appeals, which ordered that software patents be granted. In Gottschalk v. Benson (1972) and Parker v. Flook (1978), the U.S. Supreme Court reversed the Court of Customs and Patent Appeals, holding that mathematical algorithms (and therefore software) were not patentable subject matter. In 1981, in Diamond v. Diehr, the Supreme Court upheld a software patent on the grounds that the patent in question involved a physical process—the patent was issued for software used in the molding of rubber. While affirming their prior ruling that mathematical formulas are not patentable in the abstract, the Court held that an otherwise patentable invention did not become unpatentable simply because it utilized a computer.
  • In the hands of the newly established Federal Circuit, however, this small scope for software patents in precedent was sufficient to open the floodgates. In a series of decisions culminating in State Street Bank v. Signature Financial Group (1998), the Federal Circuit broadened the criteria for patentability of software and business methods substantially, allowing protection as long as the innovation “produces a useful, concrete and tangible result.” That broadened criteria led to an explosion of low-quality software patents, from Amazon’s 1-Click checkout system to Twitter’s pull-to-refresh feature on smartphones. The GAO estimates that more than half of all patents granted in recent years are software-related. Meanwhile, the Supreme Court continues to hold, as in Parker v. Flook, that computer software algorithms are not patentable, and has begun to push back against the Federal Circuit. In Bilski v. Kappos (2010), the Supreme Court once again held that abstract ideas are not patentable, and in Alice v. CLS (2014), it ruled that simply applying an abstract idea on a computer does not suffice to make the idea patent-eligible. It still is not clear what portion of existing software patents Alice invalidates, but it could be a significant one.
  • Supreme Court justices also recognize the Federal Circuit’s insubordination. In oral arguments in Carlsbad Technology v. HIF Bio (2009), Chief Justice John Roberts joked openly about it:
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  • The Opportunity of the Commons
  • As a result of the Federal Circuit’s pro-patent jurisprudence, our economy has been flooded with patents that would otherwise not have been granted. If more patents meant more innovation, then we would now be witnessing a spectacular economic boom. Instead, we have been living through what Tyler Cowen has called a Great Stagnation. The fact that patents have increased while growth has not is known in the literature as the “patent puzzle.” As Michele Boldrin and David Levine put it, “there is no empirical evidence that [patents] serve to increase innovation and productivity, unless productivity is identified with the number of patents awarded—which, as evidence shows, has no correlation with measured productivity.”
  • While more patents have not resulted in faster economic growth, they have resulted in more patent lawsuits.
  • Software patents have characteristics that make them particularly susceptible to litigation. Unlike, say, chemical patents, software patents are plagued by a problem of description. How does one describe a software innovation in such a way that anyone searching for it will easily find it? As Christina Mulligan and Tim Lee demonstrate, chemical formulas are indexable, meaning that as the number of chemical patents grow, it will still be easy to determine if a molecule has been patented. Since software innovations are not indexable, they estimate that “patent clearance by all firms would require many times more hours of legal research than all patent lawyers in the United States can bill in a year. The result has been an explosion of patent litigation.” Software and business method patents, estimate James Bessen and Michael Meurer, are 2 and 7 times more likely to be litigated than other patents, respectively (4 and 13 times more likely than chemical patents).
  • Software patents make excellent material for predatory litigation brought by what are often called “patent trolls.”
  • Trolls use asymmetries in the rules of litigation to legally extort millions of dollars from innocent parties. For example, one patent troll, Innovatio IP Ventures, LLP, acquired patents that implicated Wi-Fi. In 2011, it started sending demand letters to coffee shops and hotels that offered wireless Internet access, offering to settle for $2,500 per location. This amount was far in excess of the 9.56 cents per device that Innovatio was entitled to under the “Fair, Reasonable, and Non-Discriminatory” licensing promises attached to their portfolio, but it was also much less than the cost of trial, and therefore it was rational for firms to pay. Cisco stepped in and spent $13 million in legal fees on the case, and settled on behalf of their customers for 3.2 cents per device. Other manufacturers had already licensed Innovatio’s portfolio, but that didn’t stop their customers from being targeted by demand letters.
  • Litigation cost asymmetries are magnified by the fact that most patent trolls are nonpracticing entities. This means that when patent infringement trials get to the discovery phase, they will cost the troll very little—a firm that does not operate a business has very few records to produce.
  • But discovery can cost a medium or large company millions of dollars. Using an event study methodology, James Bessen and coauthors find that infringement lawsuits by nonpracticing entities cost publicly traded companies $83 billion per year in stock market capitalization, while plaintiffs gain less than 10 percent of that amount.
  • Software patents also reduce innovation in virtue of their cumulative nature and the fact that many of them are frequently inputs into a single product. Law professor Michael Heller coined the phrase “tragedy of the anticommons” to refer to a situation that mirrors the well-understood “tragedy of the commons.” Whereas in a commons, multiple parties have the right to use a resource but not to exclude others, in an anticommons, multiple parties have the right to exclude others, and no one is therefore able to make effective use of the resource. The tragedy of the commons results in overuse of the resource; the tragedy of the anticommons results in underuse.
  • In order to cope with the tragedy of the anticommons, we should carefully investigate the opportunity of  the commons. The late Nobelist Elinor Ostrom made a career of studying how communities manage shared resources without property rights. With appropriate self-governance institutions, Ostrom found again and again that a commons does not inevitably lead to tragedy—indeed, open access to shared resources can provide collective benefits that are not available under other forms of property management.
  • This suggests that—litigation costs aside—patent law could be reducing the stock of ideas rather than expanding it at current margins.
  • Advocates of extensive patent protection frequently treat the commons as a kind of wasteland. But considering the problems in our patent system, it is worth looking again at the role of well-tailored limits to property rights in some contexts. Just as we all benefit from real property rights that no longer extend to the highest heavens, we would also benefit if the scope of patent protection were more narrowly drawn.
  • Reforming the Patent System
  • This analysis raises some obvious possibilities for reforming the patent system. Diane Wood, Chief Judge of the 7th Circuit, has proposed ending the Federal Circuit’s exclusive jurisdiction over patent appeals—instead, the Federal Circuit could share jurisdiction with the other circuit courts. While this is a constructive suggestion, it still leaves the door open to the Federal Circuit playing “a leading role in shaping patent law,” which is the reason for its capture by patent interests. It would be better instead simply to abolish the Federal Circuit and return to the pre-1982 system, in which patents received no special treatment in appeals. This leaves open the possibility of circuit splits, which the creation of the Federal Circuit was designed to mitigate, but there are worse problems than circuit splits, and we now have them.
  • Another helpful reform would be for Congress to limit the scope of patentable subject matter via statute. New Zealand has done just that, declaring that software is “not an invention” to get around WTO obligations to respect intellectual property. Congress should do the same with respect to both software and business methods.
  • Finally, even if the above reforms were adopted, there would still be a need to address the asymmetries in patent litigation that result in predatory “troll” lawsuits. While the holding in Alice v. CLS arguably makes a wide swath of patents invalid, those patents could still be used in troll lawsuits because a ruling of invalidity for each individual patent might not occur until late in a trial. Current legislation in Congress addresses this class of problem by mandating disclosures, shifting fees in the case of spurious lawsuits, and enabling a review of the patent’s validity before a trial commences.
  • What matters for prosperity is not just property rights in the abstract, but good property-defining institutions. Without reform, our patent system will continue to favor special interests and forestall economic growth.
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    "Libertarians intuitively understand the case for patents: just as other property rights internalize the social benefits of improvements to land, automobile maintenance, or business investment, patents incentivize the creation of new inventions, which might otherwise be undersupplied. So far, so good. But it is important to recognize that the laws that govern property, intellectual or otherwise, do not arise out of thin air. Rather, our political institutions, with all their virtues and foibles, determine the contours of property-the exact bundle of rights that property holders possess, their extent, and their limitations. Outlining efficient property laws is not a trivial problem. The optimal contours of property are neither immutable nor knowable a priori. For example, in 1946, the U.S. Supreme Court reversed the age-old common law doctrine that extended real property rights to the heavens without limit. The advent of air travel made such extensive property rights no longer practicable-airlines would have had to cobble together a patchwork of easements, acre by acre, for every corridor through which they flew, and they would have opened themselves up to lawsuits every time their planes deviated from the expected path. The Court rightly abridged property rights in light of these empirical realities. In defining the limits of patent rights, our political institutions have gotten an analogous question badly wrong. A single, politically captured circuit court with exclusive jurisdiction over patent appeals has consistently expanded the scope of patentable subject matter. This expansion has resulted in an explosion of both patents and patent litigation, with destructive consequences. "
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    I added a comment to the page's article. Patents are antithetical to the precepts of Libertarianism and do not involve Natural Law rights. But I agree with the author that the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit should be abolished. It's a failed experiment.
Gonzalo San Gil, PhD.

| Grooveshark Faces a $736,050,000.00 Hammer…Digital Music News - 0 views

    • Gonzalo San Gil, PhD.
       
      what a nonsense, call 'legal jihad' -with all its negative connotations- to a (supposedly) 'democratic' 'IP Protection' action... # ! :( (Another identification of sharing with terrorism... not The Faith...)
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    When Universal Music Group declared 'legal jihad' against Grooveshark, it turns out they actually meant it. Now, after flattening Grooveshark and its principals on grounds of willful copyright infringement, the parties enter the phase of figuring out just how brutal this punishment will be. [# ! It's just a matter of culture flow -thought, socialization, VALUES- control...]
Paul Merrell

Lawmakers want Internet sites to flag 'terrorist activity' to law enforcement - The Was... - 0 views

  • Social media sites such as Twitter and YouTube would be required to report videos and other content posted by suspected terrorists to federal authorities under legislation approved this past week by the Senate Intelligence Committee. The measure, contained in the 2016 intelligence authorization, which still has to be voted on by the full Senate, is an effort to help intelligence and law enforcement officials detect threats from the Islamic State and other terrorist groups.
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    Chipping away at the First Amendment. 
Gonzalo San Gil, PhD.

The X First Aid Kit For Linux | Freedom Penguin - 1 views

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    "September 10, 2015 Rob Boudreau 0 Comment How To If you spend some time on Linux-based social media sites or forums, you inevitably see posts where a user is having trouble logging into their desktop. Either the boot finishes and they're left looking at a black screen, or they can't seem to get past the display manager login."
Gonzalo San Gil, PhD.

El aumento del vinilo en UK y el efecto en el aumento de las nuevas tiendas de discos |... - 0 views

    • Gonzalo San Gil, PhD.
       
      # ! Malditos "Piratas" # ! ;) [# ! Via Industria Musical LinkedIn's update...]
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    [By Carles Martinez+ on abril 15, 2015 @CarlesMp viniloEn el Digital Music Report presentado ayer por IFPI destaca el aumento del vinilo respecto 2013 con un 55 por ciento a nivel mundial, hasta representar unos ingresos de unos 350 millones de dólares. ]
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    [By Carles Martinez+ on abril 15, 2015 @CarlesMp viniloEn el Digital Music Report presentado ayer por IFPI destaca el aumento del vinilo respecto 2013 con un 55 por ciento a nivel mundial, hasta representar unos ingresos de unos 350 millones de dólares. ]
Gonzalo San Gil, PhD.

How to Overcome the Shortcomings of Automated Sentiment Analysis - 0 views

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    "Automated sentiment analysis software that grades news articles and social media posts as positive, negative or neutral is becoming more popular in media measurement for public relations and marketing."
Gonzalo San Gil, PhD.

Liberad Internet! - 0 views

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    "RESUMEN: Los intentos de control de Internet y los constantes ataques a su integridad han sido la tónica general por parte de poderes políticos, empresariales y mediáticos, desde su consolidación a principios de este Siglo XXI. La respuesta social ha sido tan contundente como reprimida. Los defensores de la Libertad de Acceso y de Expresión en Internet son, frecuentemente, acusados -de manera absolutamente infundada- de cómplices de piratería, promotores de abusos a menores y de difusión de pornografía, así como de colaborar con las redes mafiosas y el terrorismo global... Se olvidan (tal vez, deliberadamente) de las Campañas de Concienciación contra la Pena de Muerte o la Tortura, de la Solidaridad ante Catástrofes o, simplemente, de tod@s l@s Usuari@s que comparten, desinteresadamente, creación artística, literaria, técnica o científica en Internet...
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    Conferencia de Apertura del Area de Gobierno de Internet en Mundo Internet 2.0: XI Congreso Nacional de Internet, Telecomunicaciones y Sociedad de la Informacion. Málaga 2007.
thinkahol *

FORA.tv - Steven Johnson and Kevin Kelly at the NYPL - 0 views

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    In a world of rapidly accelerating change, from iPads to eBooks to genetic mapping to MagLev trains, we can't help but wonder if technology is our servant or our master, and whether it is taking us in a healthy direction as a society.* What forces drive the steady march of innovation?* How can we build environments in our schools, our businesses, and in our private lives that encourage the creation of new ideas--ideas that build on the new technology platforms in socially responsible ways?Kevin Kelly and Steven Johnson look at where technology is taking us. One of the co-founders of Wired Magazine, Kelly's new book, What Technology Wants, makes the argument that technology as a whole is not a jumble of wires and metal but a living, evolving organism that has its own unconscious needs and tendencies. Johnson's new book, Where Good Ideas Come From, explains why certain spaces, from 18th-century coffeehouses to the World Wide Web, have an uncanny talent for encouraging innovative thinking.
Paul Merrell

The Business Of IT: Gartner Reveals Top 10 Technologies - 0 views

  • The good folks over at the Gartner Group have revealed the top 10 technologies that they believe will change the world over the next four years:Multicore and hybrid processorsVirtualization and fabric computingSocial networks and social softwareCloud computing and cloud/Web platformsWeb mashupsUser InterfaceUbiquitous computingContextual computingAugmented realitySemantics
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Paul Merrell

Understanding Lotus Connections, IBM's Version of Web 2.0 For The Enterprise - CIO.com ... - 0 views

  • As innovation in the consumer space spills over into the enterprise, IBM believes its social software suite that includes blogs and social networks for business will give users the collaboration features they want while giving IT the ability to hook it into existing systems.
  • Lotus Connections represents IBM's response to a Web 2.0 world.
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Paul Merrell

Get Satisfaction - People-Powered Customer Service - 0 views

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    Interesting SaaS. Social Helpdesk? Folks post gripes about companies or products. Many companies have assigned folks to respond. E.g., Comcast has 9 staffers responding to customer support issues. Some start-ups are using the service as their only customer support web presence. If we view IT support on a continuum, we begin with in-house call centers, move to newsgroups and outsourced call centers, etc. Now a SaaS in the cloud for many companies' customer support? The company has a great (short) slideshow at . It has a fantastic punchline.
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