Highly influential article about the essentially plagiaristic nature of all culture production, an article that itself is composed entirely of "borrowed texts." An excellent short and direct argument for uncreative writing.
"Adopted by the NCTE Executive Committee, February 15, 2008 Literacy has always been a collection of cultural and communicative practices shared among members of particular groups. As society and technology change, so does literacy. Because technology has increased the intensity and complexity of literate environments, the twenty-first century demands that a literate person possess a wide range of abilities and competencies, many literacies."
A writer for Facebook (wow, that seems like such a weird way of putting it) explains the rationale behind the site's language and features such as the "Like" button. We can connect this to the patterns in Designing Social Interfaces.
Are Wikipedians good historians? As in the
old tale of the blind men and the elephant, your assessment of Wikipedia as history depends a great deal on what part you touch. It also depends, as we shall see, on how you define “history.”
A parable often used to describe the different interpretations of religion.
You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either commercially or noncommercially,
provided … you add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this License.”
Wikipedia as History
online historical writing
Part of the problem is that such broad synthetic writing is not easily done collaboratively.
Yet what is most impressive is that Wikipedia has found unpaid volunteers to write surprisingly detailed and reliable portraits of relatively obscure historical figures—for
example, 900 words on the Union general Romeyn B. Ayres.
whatever-centric,” they acknowledge in one of their many self-critical
commentaries.
Wikipedia can act as a megaphone, amplifying the (sometimes incorrect) conventional wisdom.
great democratic triumph of Wikipedia—its demonstration that people are eager for free and accessible information resources.
Even Jimmy Wales, who has been more tolerant of “difficult people” than Sanger, complained about “an unfortunate tendency
of disrespect for history as a professional discipline.”
Wikipedia's view of history is not only more anecdotal and colorful than professional history, it is also—again like much popular history—more
factualist.
the problem of Wikipedian history is not that it disregards
the facts but that it elevates them above everything else and spends too much time and energy (in the manner of many collectors)
on organizing those facts into categories and lists.
also affect how scholarly work is produced, shared, and debated
This is an article that discusses the views of professional historians regarding wikipedia. I think it makes a number of interesting claims both regarding the management or historical data and wikipedia's role in promoting a particular historical paradigm.
This is an interesting article about how "the digital humanities is really an insurgent humanities," and how this is a revolution of sharing ideas that, "affirms the value of the open, the infinite, the expansive [and] the democratization of culture and scholarship.""
I found Hayles's views on authorship and Wikipedia to be particularly interesting: {12:03} "I'm not alarmed by Wikipedia. In fact, I think Wikipedia is the best source for some aspects of popular culture. . . And it really is a framework that draws on all the expert knowledge that's out there that doesn't exist in the authorized channels. To me, that's a great thing."
{12:58} "It used to be that one would be an author in the sense of producing a print book. That print book would be vetted by expert readers at the press. . . But in Wikipedia, there's a very vibrant back-and-forth between all manner of readers and contributors. . . Rather than being off completely separate from print, in fact, Wikipedia has very complex cross-connections with print authority."
Here's an interesting interview with N. Katherine Hayles (author of this week's readings) for a program called The Artist's Craft. Hayles talks about some of the concepts found in this week's readings and also touches upon some new ideas. I find the material to be extremely accessible in this Q&A format.
This RSA adaptation of Evgeny Morozov's 2009 talk illustrates (and examines) the concept of "cyber-utopianism": the theory that the internet "plays a largely emancipatory role in global politics." Morozov discusses whether or not the internet predominately empowers or censors citizens by facilitating activism and allowing individuals to disseminate information more effectively.
As the parameters of cultural capital changes and cyber-literacy assumes central stage, security agencies such as the FBI also take note and understand that they have to re-adjust to cater to the threat that hackers pose.