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" Boundary object (BO), originally introduced by Starr (1989), is a concept to refer to objects that serve an interface between different communities of practice. Boundary objects are an entity shared by several different communities but viewed or used differently by each of them. As Star points out, boundary objects in an organization work because they necessarily contain sufficient detail to be understandable by both parties, however, neither party is required to understand the full context of use by the other - boundary objects serve as point of mediation and negotiation around intent. Boundary objects are flexible enough to adapt to local needs and have different distinct identities in different communities, but at the same time robust enough to maintain a common identity across the boundaries to be a place for shared work. Boundary objects are not necessarily physical artifacts such as a map between two people: they can be a set of information, conversations, interests, rules, plans, contracts, or even persons. It is around BOs that Communities of Practice (CoPs) often gather. BOs are 'used' by members of different communities in very different ways, although the representation is shared. BOs are an important class of knowledge artifacts. They are center stage in the dynamics of knowledge exchange. BOs are also known as CISs (common information spaces). Examples: Reports are a classic example of traces as boundary objects that the professionals and other members share. Faxed documents and email massages are also the boundary object among distributed members. Information spaces, where particpants gather to exchange information, co-ordinate activites and create knowledge are another example of BOs A library catalog, an order entry process, travel assistance request form, an organizational knowledge map, i.e. one of the products from your knowledge mapping project! Mapping BOs: Boundary objects are a very useful way to structure and

Identifying what our children need to learn is one of the most important processes within education. For the teacher this is the question they engage with as they design their teaching and learning units. By no means is this an easy task and the teacher must balance multiple factors to ensure that the programmes they design provide their students with the learning they require. Even the most effective sequence of lessons is of little value if what it sets out to teach has little importance in the lives our learners are likely to lead. 

"Students need to determine if online learning is an option for them because not everyone does well with this type of study. Some questions that any potential online students should ask is whether or not they can learn independently; how organized they are with their time; whether they are computer savvy; their level of reading comprehension; and if they have at least ten hours a week to devote to each course. ...Many make the mistake of assuming that an online class will be easier than one taken in a traditional classroom."

Buy Verified Facebook Business Manager Introduction The Facebook business managers are one of the best ways to advertise your company. They can help you grow your brand by posting content that people want to see, they can also be used as a tool for engagement marketing, and they can also be used in sales. A verified Facebook Business Manager account is an account that has been confirmed by Facebook as being genuine so you know exactly who you're dealing with. This helps protect against scams and fraudsters trying to take advantage of businesses using their services without ever really knowing what's going on behind the scenes with these sorts of sites! Why you need to buy a verified Facebook Business Manager Account A verified Facebook Business Manager Account is the best way to run ads on Facebook. It's more expensive than a regular account, but it's worth it. You can use them to create ads, manage your page and create audiences. To get started with a verified Facebook Business Manager Account: Download the app from our website (or click here if you are reading this in email). Login using your username and password that we sent earlier in this guide. Buy Verified Facebook Business Manager Buy Verified Facebook Business Manager Buy Verified Facebook Business Manager with Documents Buy Verified Facebook Business Manager with PVA (Proof of Authentication) Buy Verified Facebook Business Manager with PVA, Documents and Phone Number Buy Facebook Ads Accounts You can buy Facebook Ads accounts with documents, phone number, email address and credit card. You can buy Facebook Ads accounts from $10-$200 per day. You can choose to pay with PayPal or Amazon gift cards. What is Facebook Business Manager? Facebook Business Manager is a tool that helps you manage your business on Facebook. It's a single place to manage multiple Facebook accounts, ads and pages. Buy Verified Facebook Business Manager It has some other features too: It can help you navigate the p

What will tomorrow bring? What will life be like in 2028 as our youngest students of today exit school? What occupations will they enter and what challenges will they face? These are not new questions but with the rate of change in society and the pace at which technology evolves they are questions without clear answers. How then do schools prepare students for this uncertain tomorrow? What shall we teach our children today such that are well prepared for the challenges and opportunities of their tomorrow?

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Book Reviews Book title: Digitisation Perspectives Type: book Author: Ruth Rikowski Year: 2010 Edition: 1st ISBN: 9460912982 Publisher: Sense Publishers Publisher's Description: This book examines various views and perspectives on digitisation. As Simon Tanner, Director Digital Consultancy, King's College London says in the Foreword: "Digitisation has become a cultural, scholastic, economic and political imperative and raises many issues for our consideration." Furthermore, that the book: "...seeks to address and answer some of the big questions of digitisation... It succeeds on many levels..." There are 22 contributors in the book, all experts in their fields. The book is divided into six parts: Part 1: 'Background and Overview to Digitisation and Digital Libraries' Part 2: 'Digitisation and Higher Education' Part 3: 'Digitisation and Inequalities' Part 4: 'Digital Libraries, Reference Services and Citation Indexing' Part 5: 'Digitisation of Rare, Valued and Scholarly Works' Part 6: 'Futuristic Developments of Digitisation' Topics covered include electronic theses, search engine technology, digitisation in Africa, citation indexing, reference services, the Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition, new media and scholarly publishing. The final chapter explores virtual libraries, and poses some interesting questions for possible futures. The book will be of particular interest to information professionals, educators, librarians, academics and I.T. and knowledge experts. Ruth Rikowski concludes by indicating that: "...hopefully, the book will provide a source of inspiration for further research, leading to some more effective ways to proceed with the digitisation process. Also, that it will be possible to do this within a framework that can be used for good rather than ill, and for the benefit of many." Reviewer: Eric Jukes (Formerly of College of Haringey, Enfield and North East London) Book Rating: 5/5 Buy this book from Amazon  Review Summary

Faculty remain suspicious of MOOCs and other online technologies but must recognize online education is a crucial component in any college setting. Students no longer have to be physically on campus they can learn anytime anywhere online learning is a work in progress.

Faculty remain suspicious of MOOCs and other online technologies but must recognize online education is a crucial component in any college setting. Students no longer have to be physically on campus they can learn anytime anywhere online learning is a work in progress.

Higher education faces a challenge. It may not now it yet, but it does. And the challenge is this - when learners have been accustomed to very facilitative, usable, personalisable and adaptive tools both for learning and socialising, why will they accept standardised, unintuitive, clumsy and out of date tools in formal education they are paying for? It won't be a dramatic revolution (students accept lower physical accommodation standards when they leave home for university after all), but instead there will be a quiet migration. The monolithic LMSs will be deserted, digital tumbleweed blowing down their forums. Students will abandon these in favour of their tools, the back channel will grow and it will be constituted from content and communication technologies that don't require a training course to understand and that come with a ready made community. This may seem like just a technological issue, but it runs deeper than this.

Learning takes place through active engagement rather than passive transmission.

"Democracy wasn't present. Those wishing to censor ideas have been given a most powerful weapon. "

In this article, Michelle Everson summarized her attempt to use small-group discussion assignments in an online introductory statistics course. She have found that these assignments can be successful, and they can lead to opportunities for students to reason more about statistical concepts and help each other learn important course material. When using such assignments, we would encourage instructors to (1) create assignments that do not have just one "right" answer so that students have ample opportunities to discuss different ideas and respond to what their group members post, (2) allow several days for students to work on the assignment, (3) provide students with clear guidelines for every assignment so they know exactly what they need to do as a group, (4) provide incentives for students to post not only their own thoughts, but respond to what their group members have said, and (5) provide students with examples of what it means to reflectively respond to their peers. Most of all, we would encourage instructors to make their presence known to the discussion group during every discussion. Assure students that you will be there in order to make sure everyone is on the right track, and take whatever opportunity you can to cheer the group on, highlight important ideas that different members of the group have posted, and question the group in order to get them to think more critically about the material.

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Basic Steps to Become a Digital Marketer Attending Networking Events. Take advice from digital marketing professionals. Get an idea of the situation that the digital marketing field is heading in. They are mostly full of interesting events, workshops, and lessons. All ready to push you to enhance your skills and expand your understanding of why and what you do. Learning from Digital Marketing Brands and Entrepreneurs. The digital marketing experts have the experience, skills, and knowledge needed to create digital content. This is accessible for beginners since most of these experts are digital marketers themselves, they know exactly how to make their content easy to find on search engines and across social media platforms. Connect with Similar Thinking Individuals. As a digital marketer, developing communities online, is a large part of your career. Either online or offline, active digital marketing communities will help you know the importance of what you do and how it goes within the imagination of your business and your life. Gain real Skills Join a Digital Marketing Internship. An internship is often challenging. But around the right team of professional marketers, you will learn from both the mistakes and successes they've gone through over the years. An internship not only helps to enlarge your digital marketing resume and experience. But it will help you decide what you appreciate in a working environment. Have a Professional Degree. Having a professional degree is only achieved after completing a certificate program. These courses often cover important fields of digital marketing, including: SEO PPC marketing Email marketing Social media management Stay Updated on the State of Digital Marketing. The field of digital marketing is ever-changing, and digital marketers need to keep up. They need to know from popular online acronyms to how artificial intelligence (AI) is affecting the way people use technology. Always need to stay up to date with valuab

Do your systems have protection against Ransomware attacks? Ransomware is a sort of malware that cybercriminals use to extort cash. It holds information to ransom with encryption or by keeping users out of their devices. Few tips to prevent Ransomware attacks: This section gives you tips on the best way to safeguard from ransomware attacks. Never click on unverified weblinks Try not to click spam emails or on unfamiliar sites. Downloads that start when you click on malicious links is one way that your system could get tainted When the ransomware is on your system, it will encrypt your information or lock your system. When the ransomware has something to hold as "hostage", it will request a payoff with the goal that you can recover your data. Paying these payoffs may seem like the easiest solution. But it is actually what the criminal needs you to do and paying these payments doesn't ensure they will give you access to your device or your data back. Never open untrusted email attachments Another way that ransomware could get onto your system is through an email attachment (Email breach) Try not to open email attachments from senders you don't trust Always download from a reliable source To decrease the risk of downloading ransomware, don't download software or media documents from unknown sites. Go to verified, trusted sites on the off chance that you need to download something. Most respectable sites will have markers of trust that you can perceive. Simply look in the hunt bar to check whether the site utilizes 'HTTPS' rather than 'HTTP.' In case you're downloading something on your mobile, ensure you download from trustworthy sources. For instance, Android telephones should use the Google Play Store to download applications and iPhone clients should use the App Store. Avoid sharing personal data If you get a call, text, or email from an untrusted source that requests personal data, don't give it out. Cybercriminals planning

Cybersecurity consultants are accountable for safeguarding valuable and critical information that comes from these various parts of the digital world. They identify security threats and protect their company assets from digital assaults. Our Cyber Security professionals share some projects that they have worked on: Parul Khedwal - Cyber Security Consultant shares that she has worked with a reputed e-commerce company where she dealt with Data security and data breaches. According to her Cybersecurity is about dealing with various kinds of data breaches and cyber attacks on a day-to-day basis. Her role was to protect the company's data by performing data analysis, researching cyber signs and anonymous patterns. She worked for an e-commerce platform where her responsibility was to deal with data security, email security. Highs of Cybersecurity: She also shares that there are a lot of highs involved in the Cybersecurity role, the first reason being it is very dynamic and challenging. The subject is evolving every day which demands constant learning. The best aspect is it keeps you motivated due to the good learning opportunities involved in it. This role will never go out of the market because it's a niche skill. Cybersecurity roles have good career scope in the market. Lows of Cyber Security: Cybersecurity being very dynamic and we know that hackers can attack anytime and any day. One needs to be on their toes protecting the data as an attack may happen anytime. The cyber consultant needs to be very flexible working in odd shifts which impact the health (both physical and emotional) in the longer run. Who does a Cyber Security consultant work with? Parul is leading the Security operations team which involves working closely with her team members helping them with investigations, the client's as per their requirements, the SIM team, and various other team members which make this role a very diverse role to deal with. To summarise, a Cyber Security Consulta

Peace. Peace is a way to be happy. Where there is no peace there is no life. This means that the best way to live a happy life is peace. Wise people want to live in peace and give peace to others. They writes a lot Quotes about peace. And give people a positive message to live in peace. They explains the importance of peace. they writes about the importance of peace in different ways. Here are some quotes on peace.

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