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Glosario de términos de una Investigación Investigación Es un proceso compuesto por distintas etapas interrelacionadas. Una buena idea Es el primer acercamiento a la realidad que habrá que investigarse. Antecedentes Son los estudios, investigaciones y trabajos anteriores. Planteamiento del problema Es una integración de los objetivos, preguntas y justificación. El problema debe expresar una relación entre variables para probar empíricamente efectos, condiciones, relaciones. Qué pretende la investigación y su justificación (para qué sirve, cuál es su relevancia o implicaciones). El marco teórico Qué teorías o enfoques anteceden al estudio de las fuentes primarias o directas, de las fuentes secundarias de primera mano y fuentes terciarias de segunda mano que relacionen conceptos o proposiciones para describir y explicar la realidad. Las fichas bibliográficas Es la herramienta para recopilar referencia al revisar la literatura pertinente. Tipo de investigación Existen al menos tres tipos: exploratoria, descriptiva y explicativa. Investigación exploratoria Es aquella que indaga sobre un problema poco estudiado. Investigación descriptiva Especifican las propiedades de cualquier fenómeno: cómo es y cómo se manifiesta. Investigación explicativa Cómo se relacionan conceptos y variables y cuáles son sus correlaciones o asociaciones. Formular hipótesis Es una guía que indican lo que se está buscando o tratando de probar de una manera tentativa una realidad o hipótesis de la investigación o de trabajo (Hi). Hipótesis nula Es una manera de refutar o negar lo que afirma la hipótesis de trabajo (Ho). Variables Es una propiedad que al variar es susceptible de ser medida y relacionadas. Diseños de la investigación Experimental (manipular variables) y no experimental (observar y analizar). La muestra Quiénes son los sujetos u objetos de estudio que forman un subgrupo de la población limitada. Recoger los d

Tips & Steps for Instructional Design - M. Lindeman, University of Illinois, USA

Tips & Steps for Instructional Design - M. Lindeman, University of Illinois, USA

ntroduction The significance of email as a modern medium for communication has grown fast and sustainable. The technical basis, especially the availability of a digital infrastructure enabled the global spread of email as a user friendly, flexible and versatile medium. By now email can be considered as one of the most frequently used applications of the internet. The advantages of email as being low in costs but high in speed and reliability led to its increasing use and significance. Furthermore its quality of being "viral" through easy forwarding and multi-receiver-sending has opened new possibilities for communication. On the one hand the disposability of email has led to these new trends, on the other hand the very same quality can be held responsible for the short-lived and unsustainable attributes of email.1 Since the emergence of the first communication through electronic mail the face of email concerning both quality and quantity has changed significantly. In terms of quality it has changed from a simple substitute for the hand written letter to today's most important tool for collaboration, knowledge-management, online marketing and global business communication. Furthermore it is "now used for multiple purposes: document delivery and archiving, work task delegation; and task tracking. It is also used for storing personal names and addresses, for sending reminders, asking for assistance, scheduling appointments, and for handling technical queries." Electronic mail can be considered as vital precursor for globalization and the modern information society. Its commercial use for offers, contracts, orders etc. created demand for an obliging and explicit legal framework together with new standards regarding electronic signature, identification and data safety. The trend of an increasing quantity of electronic mail is strongly related to its development, standardization and availability of digital infrastructure. The exponentially increasing amount of e

Livebinder tips and tricks

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Beyond the traditional learning management system: moving towards personal learning environments

Education 3.0: How the coevolution of technology and society will change higher education over the next decade

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