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"Abstract Many people believe renewable energy sources to be capable of substituting fossil or nuclear energy. However there exist very few scientifically sound studies, which apply due diligence to substantiating this impression. In the present paper, the case of photovoltaic power sources in regions of moderate insolation is analysed critically by using the concept of Energy Return on Energy Invested (ERoEI, also called EROI). But the methodology for calculating the ERoEI differs greatly from author-to-author. The main differences between solar PV Systems are between the current ERoEI and what is called the extended ERoEI (ERoEI EXT). The current methodology recommended by the International Energy Agency is not strictly applicable for comparing photovoltaic (PV) power generation with other systems. The main reasons are due to the fact that on one hand, solar electricity is very material-intensive, labour-intensive and capital-intensive and on the other hand the solar radiation exhibits a rather low power density."

"By "NLRBE," I mean core resource-based economy ("RBE") concepts, as fleshed out and expanded by Peter Joseph and his organization, "The Zeitgeist Movement" ("TZM"). *Important Reminder* Please remember that, by using this site, you agree to leave no confidential information in blog post comments or elsewhere on the site, or to rely upon anything in this post, or on this site generally, without qualified, independent, confirming research (per this site's Terms of Use and Privacy Policy, which you agreed to by accessing this site). Why? Unfortunately, on this website and in my blog posts, I can and do offer nothing more than expressions of opinion and general information, which could be inadequately researched, inapplicable to your situation, out-of-date, and/or mistaken. Thus, no statement on my website or blog posts is intended to guarantee any particular outcome for you, or to constitute any kind of advice, legal or otherwise. Qualified "advice" is customized to your particular circumstances, current, accurate, and offered in direct relationship with a qualified professional. And qualified advice is critical to obtain before you take action. I do offer qualified legal advice and assurances of confidentiality, but only within the context of attorney-client relationships, which are formed exclusively via written attorney-client fee agreements, not through blog posts, blog post comments, website pages or communications, or any other means whatsoever (however, please visit my Services page to see whether or not I am currently accepting new clients). By "RBE," I mean the original economic model, as presented by Jacque Fresco and his "Venus Project" ("TVP"). My take on his RBE model is more fully explained in my last blog post, "What Do I Mean by 'Resource-Based Economy' (or 'RBE')?" Given what I heard in a recent talk by Joseph, I am now sorely tempted to begin using the term "NLRBE," rather than "RBE," to refer

"1. The teacher is choosing the technology. It's not always possible, but when you can, let the students choose, and see what happens. Not all of them will be able to. Some need help; so let other students help them. 2. The teacher is choosing the function. This doesn't mean you can't choose the function, but if you students can't control the technology the use nor its function, this can be problematic: the learning is passive from the beginning. 3. The teacher is determining the process. To an extent you have to, but don't overdo it. 4. The technology is distracting. If the technology is more magical than the project, product, collaboration, process, or content itself, try to muffle the bells and whistles. Or use them to your advantage. 5. The technology isn't necessary. You wouldn't use a ruler to teach expository writing, nor would you use a Wendell Berry essay to teach about the Water Cycle. No need for a Khan Academy account and a fully-personalized and potentially self-directed proficiency chart of mathematical concepts just to show a 3 minute video on the number line. 6. The process is too complex. Keep it simple. Fewer moving parts = greater precision. And less to go wrong. 7. Students have access to too much. What materials, models, peer groups, or related content do students actually need? See #6. 8. The teacher is the judge, jury, and executioner. Get out of the way. You're (probably) less interesting than the content, experts, and communities (if you're doing it right). 9. They artificially limiting the scale. Technology connects everything to everything. Use this to the advantage of the students! 10. They're not limiting the scale. However, giving students the keys to the universe with no framework, plan, boundaries or even vague goals is equally problematic. 11. Students access is limited to too little. The opposite of too board a scale is too little-akin to taking students to the ocean to fish but squaring of

"New scientific research is quietly rewriting the fundamentals of economics. The new economic science shows decisively that the age of endlessly growing industrial capitalism, premised on abundant fossil fuel supplies, is over. The long-decline of capitalism-as-we-know-it, the new science shows, began some decades ago, and is on track to accelerate well before the end of the 21st century. With capitalism-as-we-know it in inexorable decline, the urgent task ahead is to rewrite economics to fit the real-world: and, accordingly, to redesign our concepts of value and prosperity, precisely to rebuild our societies with a view of adapting to this extraordinary age of transition."

"Evaporative coolers have been known to purveyors of low-cost, sustainable technologies for years. Without the need for electricity, these cold containers have kept produce fresh from farms to tables, protecting against post-harvest losses in the field and food spoilage in hot pantries worldwide. Now the concept has been applied to air conditioning. Manoj Patel Design Studio in Vadodara, Gujarat (India) has built evaporative air conditioners that can cool a room for days on a single tank of water. The studio designs new products from recycled materials, and they built their air conditioners from ceramics and stone, integrating them with potted plants. By filling rows of ceramic tubes with water, the prototypes maximize their surface area for optimal evaporation while retaining a small footprint. ..."

"Según Kolb, a la hora de aprender se ponen en juego cuatro capacidades diferentes: Capacidad de Experiencia Concreta (EC): ser capaz de involucrase por completo, abiertamente y sin prejuicios en experiencias nuevas. Capacidad de Observación Reflexiva (OR): ser capaz de reflexionar acerca de estas experiencias y de observarlas desde múltiples perspectivas. Capacidad de Conceptualización Abstracta (CA): ser capaz de crear nuevos conceptos y de integrar sus observaciones en teorías lógicamente sólidas. Capacidad de Experimentación Activa (EA): ser capaz de emplear estas teorías para tomar decisiones y solucionar problema David A. Kolb y Roger Fry crearon el conocido como "Círculo del aprendizaje a través de la experiencia". Los autores argumentan que el aprendizaje puede comenzar en cualquiera de los cuatro puntos, aunque los más habitual sea comenzar por una experiencia concreta. Igualmente señalan que más que un círculo, debe entenderse la progresión cognitiva como una espiral que va pasando sucesivamente por cada uno de los cuatro tipos de actividades. Como desarrollo de este modelo, los autores propusieron un cuadro de estilos cognitivos: dado que no era habitual que los distintos individuos fueran igualmente capaces en los cuatro tipos de actividad, podían distinguirse cuatro estilos según sus competencias se inclinasen más por un tipo de actividad u otro."

"Cuando la madre de Sherry Kishore, la directora de la escuela de secundaria de Emerson, en Oklahoma City, Estados Unidos, vio las imágenes de las pizarras de hace casi un siglo no pudo contener las lágrimas. La mujer de 85 años se quedó mirando fijamente a los escritos datados de diciembre de 1917 y lloró. "Dijo que era exactamente como la de su clase cuando iba a la escuela", según le confesó su hija al diario The Oklahoman. Image caption Las pizarras de 1917 fueron descubiertas al hacer unas reformas. Kishore se refería así a la reacción de la anciana, que también fue profesora en el lugar, tras el hallazgo que hicieron unos trabajadores que se disponían a hacer unas reformas en la escuela secundaria que dirige. Los escritos y dibujos se mantuvieron intactos durante casi un siglo. Según las autoridades, eso fue posible porque colocaron pizarras nuevas sobre las antiguas. Ruedas de multiplicar La placentera sorpresa que encontraron los obreros desveló escritos intactos en las pizarras con los que se enseñaban desde la historia del peregrinaje, partituras musicales, reglas para mantenerse limpio, un calendario con la cuenta atrás hasta la navidad e incluso una peculiar rueda con la tabla de multiplicar. "Nunca había visto esa técnica antes", le dijo a The Oklahoman la directora de la escuela de Emerson. Image caption La caligrafía de las pizarras era muy cuidada. Image caption En este calendario, marcaron los días que faltaban para Navidad. Image caption Así era una clase de música en 1917. Según informó la Organización de Colegios Públicos de Oklahoma City, había una clase sobre peregrinos en cada curso. "Había currículo común en 1917", explicaron. Un portavoz del departamento de educación aseguró que las autoridades trabajarán para preservar los hallazgos. La escuela secundaria de Emerson fue construida en 1895, 22 años antes de que que se hicieran los escritos de las pizarras que posteriormente fueron cubiertas por ot