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danielbmc

Three Generations of Distance Education Pedagogy - 1 views

www.irrodl.org/...1663

edtech543 elearning technology theory

shared by danielbmc on 03 Sep 12 - No Cached
  • cognitive-behaviourist, social constructivist, and connectivist pedagogy
  • explore distance education systems as they have evolved through three eras of educational, social, and psychological development
  • requirement for distance education to be technologically mediated in order to span the geographic and often temporal distance between learners, teachers, and institutions, it is common to think of development or generations of distance education in terms of the technology used to span these distances
  • ...39 more annotations...
  • first generation of distance education technology was by postal correspondence
  • second generation, defined by the mass media of television, radio, and film production
  • interactive technologies: first audio, then text, video, and then web and immersive conferencing
  • less clear what defines the so-called fourth- and even fifth-generation distance technologies except for a use of intelligent data bases (Taylor, 2002) that create “intelligent flexible learning” or that incorporate Web 2.0 or semantic web technologies
  • repertoire of options available to DE designers and learners has increase
  • Many educators pride themselves on being pedagogically (as opposed to technologically) driven in their teaching and learning designs
  • two being intertwined in a dance: the technology sets the beat and creates the music, while the pedagogy defines the moves
  • To some extent, our pedagogical processes may themselves be viewed as technologies
  • none of these three pedagogical generations has disappeared, and we will argue that all three can and should be effectively used to address the full spectrum of learning needs and aspirations of 21st century learners.
  • Behavioural learning theory begins with notions of learning which are generally defined as new behaviours or changes in behaviours that are acquired as the result of an individual’s response to stimuli
  • Although learning was still conceived of as an individual process, its study expanded from an exclusive focus on behaviour to changes in knowledge or capacity that are stored and recalled in individual memory.
  • The locus of control in a CB model is very much the teacher or instructional designer
  • It is notable that such models gained a foothold in distance education at a time when there were limited technologies available that allowed many-to-many communication. Teleconferencing was perhaps the most successful means available but came with associated costs and complexity that limited its usefulness. The postal service and publication or redistribution of messages was very slow, expensive, and limited in scope for interactivity. Methods that relied on one-to-many and one-to-one communication were really the only sensible options because of the constraints of the surrounding technologies.
  • Cognitive presence is the means and context through which learners construct and confirm new knowledge
  • Later developments in cognitive theory have attempted to design learning materials in ways that maximized brain efficiency and effectiveness by attending to the types, ordering, timing, and nature of learning stimulations
  • Learning was thought of as an individual process, and thus it made little difference if one was reading a book, watching a movie, or interacting with a computer-assisted learning program by oneself or in the company of other learners
  • reduction of the role and importance of the teacher further fueled resentment by traditional educators against the CB model of distance education
  • While appropriate when learning objectives are very clear, CB models avoid dealing with the full richness and complexity of humans learning to be, as opposed to learning to do
  • People are not blank slates but begin with models and knowledge of the world and learn and exist in a social context of great intricacy and depth.
  • technology became widely used to create opportunities for both synchronous and asynchronous interactions between and among students and teachers
  • Social-constructivist pedagogy acknowledges the social nature of knowledge and of its creation in the minds of individual learners.
  • Teachers do not merely transmit knowledge to be passively consumed by learners; rather, each learner constructs means by which new knowledge is both created and integrated with existing knowledge
  • The locus of control in a social-constructivist system shifts somewhat away from the teacher, who becomes more of a guide than an instructor, but who assumes the critical role of shaping the learning activities and designing the structure in which those activities occur
  • social-constructivist models only began to gain a foothold in distance education when the technologies of many-to-many communication became widely available, enabled first by email and bulletin boards, and later through the World Wide Web and mobile technologies
  • Cognitive presence also assumes that learners are actively engaged, and interaction with peers is perhaps the most cost-effective way to support cognitive presence
  • It remains challenging to apply learning where it can blossom into application and thus demonstrate true understanding
  • Social interaction is a defining feature of constructivist pedagogies. At a distance, this interaction is always mediated, but nonetheless, it is considered to be a critical component of quality distance education
  • the educator is a guide, helper, and partner where the content is secondary to the learning process; the source of knowledge lies primarily in experiences
  • teaching presence in constructivist pedagogical models focuses on guiding and evaluating authentic tasks performed in realistic contexts.
  • Constructivist distance education pedagogies moved distance learning beyond the narrow type of knowledge transmission that could be encapsulated easily in media through to the use of synchronous and asynchronous, human communications-based learning
  • learning is the process of building networks of information, contacts, and resources that are applied to real problems. Connectivism was developed in the information age of a networked era (Castells, 1996) and assumes ubiquitous access to networked technologies
  • Connectivism also assumes that information is plentiful and that the learner’s role is not to memorize or even understand everything, but to have the capacity to find and apply knowledge when and where it is needed.
  • It is noteworthy that connectivist models explicitly rely on the ubiquity of networked connections between people, digital artifacts, and content, which would have been inconceivable as forms of distance learning were the World Wide Web not available to mediate the process. Thus, as we have seen in the case of the earlier generations of distance learning, technology has played a major role in determining the potential pedagogies that may be employed.
  • learners have access to powerful networks and, as importantly, are literate and confident enough to exploit these networks in completing learning tasks
  • exposing students to networks and providing opportunities for them to gain a sense of self-efficacy in networked-based cognitive skills and the process of developing their own net presence
  • Connectivist learning is based as much upon production as consumption of educational content
  • The activities of learners are reflected in their contributions to wikis, Twitter, threaded conferences, Voicethreads, and other network tools. Further, social presence is retained and promoted through the comments, contributions, and insights of students who have previously engaged in the course and that persist as augmentable archives to enrich network interactions for current students
  • learners and teacher collaborate to create the content of study, and in the process re-create that content for future use by others
  • stress to teaching presence is the challenge presented by rapidly changing technologies
  • Gretel Patch on 03 Sep 12
     
    How three theories have shaped distance learning over the years. Connectivist theory shows how learning is about forming connections with others through human and digital interaction. Developed in the digital age and assumes access to social networking technologies.
  • danielbmc on 23 Jun 14
     
    This is a March 2011 journal article that highlights the shifts in technology and theory for distance learning. First, there was the cognitive-behaviorist with it's focus on read, watch, and recall. As the web developed, we saw constructivism shift the teachers duties from content creator to a guide through the content as students synthesized. Connectivism promotes the teacher as a "co-traveler" helping students to explore, connect, and create.
teachingjake503

ISTE | Should all educators have a professional social media presence? - 2 views

www.iste.org/...articleDetail

education technology edtech543 learning teaching pln plns connectivism

shared by teachingjake503 on 01 Sep 17 - No Cached
  • teachingjake503 on 01 Sep 17
     
    This was an interesting article I found on the ISTE site where two educators provide two different points of view about whether teachers should have a professional social media presence. One writer say that teachers should absolutely have a social media presence so they can be models for their students while also broadening their own professional learning network. The other writer recognizes the amazing benefits of having a professional social media presence but also says that teacher's should not be required but rather educated in the benefits of social media for themselves and their students. This is a great article for looking at both sides of the social media presence coin and will lead to some good thinking on this topic of connectivism and professional learning networks online.
  • Tiffany Kannengieszer on 01 Sep 17
     
    Jake, great resource! I often find that items that are mandated see more pushback from teachers even if the mandate is helpful. I think offering opportunities for teachers to learn and engage in social media will help build the grassroots movement and it will inevitably catch on.
ShellyWalters

Online Presence - Google Docs - 0 views

docs.google.com/...edit

digital footprint social networking

shared by ShellyWalters on 02 Oct 12 - No Cached
  • ShellyWalters on 02 Oct 12
     
    Ten Actions for Building a Positive Professional Online Presence by Shelly Walters
Jaime Bennett

Creating a Positive Digital Footprint and Online Presence - 0 views

docs.google.com/...edit

EdTech543 digital footprint education educational technology

shared by Jaime Bennett on 02 Oct 12 - No Cached
  • Jaime Bennett on 02 Oct 12
     
    Here is my plan for creating a positive, professional digital footprint and expanding my online presence in a beneficial way.
Rebecca Olien

Developing learning community in online asynchronous college courses: the role of teach... - 0 views

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/...summary

learning community teacher role edtech543

shared by Rebecca Olien on 05 Sep 13 - No Cached
  • Rebecca Olien on 05 Sep 13
     
    The researchers conducted a study of 2,036 online students at thirty-two State University of New York colleges in the SUNY Learning Network. Participants responded to a forty-two-item survey that investigates the connection between students' sense of learning community as measured by Rovai's Classroom Community Scale and teaching presence as measured by the Community of Inquiry Model. The study provides insight into the important relationship between instructor's online behaviors and perceived establishment of community. The complexity of the research gives rise to further studies to continue to identify the exact instructor behaviors are most effective in establishing a course presence, while staying true to constructivist pedagogy.
barakstanley

Professional Online Presence and Learning Networks: Educating for Ethical Use of Social... - 2 views

This article discusses professional online presence and learning networks within a teacher education context. Forbes (2017) provides an overview of using social media in education and explains the...

PLNs resources learning teaching tools

started by barakstanley on 06 Jun 18 no follow-up yet
angi_lewis

543 - Developing a Professional Digital Presence - 2 views

https://voicethread.com/share/3465223/

digital technology presence

started by angi_lewis on 01 Oct 12 no follow-up yet
Gretel Patch

My Digital Footprint and PLN - 0 views

docs.google.com/...edit

pln social networking cybersafety digital footprint

shared by Gretel Patch on 01 Oct 12 - No Cached
  • Gretel Patch on 01 Oct 12
     
    These are my 10 Be's for creating a positive online presence and growing my Personal Learning Network
chrisdenny

The Challenges to Connectivist Learning on Open Online Networks: Learning Experiences d... - 5 views

www.irrodl.org/...1689

edtech543 resources Connectivism PLNs

shared by chrisdenny on 06 Sep 13 - No Cached
  • Nona Barker on 06 Sep 13
     
    Summary: Although the paper identifies three challenges to Connectivist Learning (self-directed, presence and critical literacies) the findings, based on Kop's research, suggest that social networked learning does work. The paper includes students responses, both positive and negative, about their learning experiences. I found that aspect of the paper fascinating.
  • ...3 more comments...
  • anonymous on 06 Sep 13
     
    It seems to be a common misconception that "Connectivist Learning" is meant to replace traditional methods of instruction. I came across similar articles that focused on the challenges or "failings" of connectivist learning. They cited similar concerns that connectivist learning fails to provide scaffolding for new learners, that lack of instructor presence hinders students with low intrinsic motivation, and that it doesn't support learners whose critical literacy skills aren't highly developed. Conenctivism is just one of many models to consider when undertaking the task of teaching and learning.
  • Rebecca Olien on 06 Sep 13
     
    I agree with Angela's comment that connectivist learning theory is valuable, but it should be taken with other theories for a balanced learning approach. I found the section in the article about the need and role of critically assessing content as a part of successful learning in a connectivist approach most interesting. Who is producing the best content for learning networks to use? Are the networks themselves? How much depth do the most networks dive into any topic to produce critical literacy content? I think it is important to emphasize the quality of the production of content as well as the consumption of others' work.
  • glorihinck on 07 Sep 13
     
    I found the discussion about the four major types of activity that enhance learning to be interesting 1) aggregation 2) relation 3) creation 4) sharing. I sense this being modeled in EdTech 543.
  • Tsisana Palmer on 21 Jun 14
     
    This paper highlights current theories of learning and gives a critical analysis of connectivism ""within the context of its predecessors" in a attempt to establish whether this theory is indeed anything new to offer for teaching and learning in the digital era.
  • chrisdenny on 02 Sep 16
     
    This article looks at the challenges that could be faced by using PLEs and Connectivisim in social networking. The article breaks down the challenges to Connectivist learning and then explains the research methodology behind their findings.
Kim Davis

Analysis of Personal Learning Networks in Support of Teachers Presence Optimization - 0 views

www.researchgate.net/...Teachers_Presence_Optimization

Edtech543 Facebook Twitter PLNs

shared by Kim Davis on 11 Jun 16 - No Cached
  • Kim Davis on 11 Jun 16
     
    This paper defines PLE's and PLN's and creates a model for social teachers' presence optimization. It does this after a literature review and analyzing survey results about teachers' use of online social platforms like Facebook and Twitter. Results suggest there is potential for personal and professional development of educators through these networks.
block_chain_

Blockchain Pilot Launched By ABB for Solar Energy Sector - 0 views

www.blockchain-council.org/...by-abb-for-solar-energy-sector

#Blockchain #BlockchainNews #Japan #BlockchainApplications#LearnBlockchain #BlockchainPoweredElectricity #BlockchainCouncil

shared by block_chain_ on 03 Jun 19 - No Cached
  • block_chain_ on 03 Jun 19
     
    The presence of blockchain technology is apparent in almost every field today as it is widely adopted on a large scale by all industrial sectors. ABB, the international Electrical Engineering company, is currently undergoing a blockchain project, according to news reports. It is looking for ways to implement blockchain technology in promoting the use of solar energy in p2p energy trading and researching the role of blockchain in the smart grids market. Apparently, the international firm has collaborated with Evolvere, the Italian energy entity, for deploying a blockchain system to assist them in this venture.
camille_rrt

Personal Learning Networks: Implications for Self-Directed Learning in the Digital Age - 4 views

wp.vcu.edu/...PLNsCarterNugent.pdf

EDTECHSN EDTECH543 PNL SDL

shared by camille_rrt on 03 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • andrewmacrae on 03 Sep 14
     
    A chapter from Carter and Nugent at VSU which has a nice phrase, "Personal learning networks are based on the premise that learning occurs through interaction with multiple people and in multiple contexts through virtual communities." Somehow I like that. It goes into more detail and explores the, 'abstract concept that is learning.' A big read which take more time to go through but has some effective descriptions. Moves on to CoP as well. A chapter to return to.
  • ...4 more comments...
  • Sarah Baughman on 04 Sep 14
     
    Thank you for posting. The article was a little long, but I made it through. I like how it associates PLN to life long learning because that is absolutely what they encourage. I also enjoyed the combination of PLN and CoP. Thanks!
  • nathankraftcheck on 04 Sep 14
     
    This chapter by Carter & Nugent looks at PLNs, their interaction with self-directed learning, and ways educators can promote the use of PLNs among their students
  • Melodie Worthington on 30 Jun 15
     
    A detailed article about PLN's: their roots, ties to adult learning, self-directed learning, and communities of practice. I liked this quote from the abstract: "As learners participate in the multiple virtual communities of practice that comprise a PLN, they require new skills that merit reconsideration of the role of the educator in helping learners to become self-directed in both formal and informal learning contexts."
  • Megan Poindexter on 01 Jul 15
     
    Such an interesting article. I think many are under the impression that technology is going to replace the teacher in the classroom, which is part of what this paper explores in analyzing the impact of PLNs on the learning process. However, I don't believe the teacher's presence can ever be replaced. While certain aspects of the learning process may become more self-directed for student in the digital age, it doesn't invalidate the importance of the physical presence of a teacher. In fact, this article draws a strong conclusion that the question shouldn't be whether or not teachers are needed, but rather how are educators rethinking teaching and learning based "on a model of information and resource abundance." Educators need to be proactive in creating change in the methods and pedagogy of instruction.
  • kcastello on 08 Jun 17
     
    The article begins by addressing what a PLN is where a learner joins an informal, web-based communities and they create a network so they can learn whenever, wherever they would like. This article describes a PLN in the context of adult education and the role of the adult educator. The article describes what a PLN looks like. Last, it gives ways to help adults to learn in this type of culture and implications for this. As many articles do, this pushes for a change in education and change their model of teaching to fit this digital age.
  • camille_rrt on 10 Jun 18
     
    Here is a book chapter that details the theoretical implications of using PNL for Self-Directed Learners. This chapter talks about the different ways that learners learn within COP/PLN and how this learning takes place formally, informally and incidentally.
Ryann Waldman

Learning Everywhere, All the Time - 2 views

web.a.ebscohost.com.libproxy.boisestate.edu/...pdfviewer

edtech543 connectivism elearning

shared by Ryann Waldman on 11 Jun 17 - No Cached
  • Ryann Waldman on 11 Jun 17
     
    Technology is changing the way people can learn. With constant access to the internet, learning can take place all the time and everywhere. This is especially true with online learning. Connectivism is the theory that claims knowledge exists in the world, not in just an individual. This theory is what drives good online learning practices. The four major concepts that describe effective online teaching using connectivism are establish the feeling of the online classroom, create a social presence within the class, use activities and technology to make meaningful learning experiences and also to teach and guide your students through the learning process. These four concepts are best used within a social and learning community like Facebook or Blackboard that helps to connect the learners and the teacher. 
  • lindsayhoyt on 12 Jun 17
     
    I thought this was an interesting because the way the classroom is constantly changing there is the opportunity to learn anywhere. A perfect example is this course! I have taken classes with people from all over the world through BSU due to the advancements in technology. The fact that the connectivism theory embraces the knowledge of the world, goes hand in hand with the effectiveness of online education. Social networking is another way that those connections can be made.
Christina Jorgensen

Top 10 for professional online presence - 3 views

http://voicethread.com/share/3459177/

digital Education technology EdTech543

started by Christina Jorgensen on 01 Oct 12 no follow-up yet
Dennis Large

Online Reputation Management Plan - Google Drive - 1 views

docs.google.com/...edit

reputation EDTECH543 digital learning social

shared by Dennis Large on 30 Jun 13 - No Cached
  • Dennis Large on 30 Jun 13
     
    EdTech 543 Online Reputation Management Assignment: Here is the link to my Google doc with a list of 10 strategies for creating and maintaing a positive professional presence online.
Cate Tolnai

10 Strategies for Building and Maintaining a Positive Digital Footprint - 0 views

youtu.be/gvt1wEXqU2k

education technology edtech543 digital footprint positive

shared by Cate Tolnai on 26 Jun 13 - No Cached
  • Cate Tolnai on 26 Jun 13
     
    This video provides helpful tips for educators and students who are interested in addressing their digital footprint. Cate Tolnai suggests strategies to clean up your online identity and start making a more positive and active presence for yourself online. References: http://easybib.com/key/97ff37
anonymous

Teaching in Social and Technological Networks - 1 views

www.connectivism.ca/?p=220

connectivism learning teaching edtech543

shared by anonymous on 11 Sep 12 - Cached
  • Jaime Bennett on 11 Sep 12
     
    This article describes how the connectivism of social and technological networks has changed the role of the teacher. The author maintains that the connectedness students have with information at any given time or place means the teacher does not need to serve the role of the only expert in the students' lives. Several roles that the author believes teachers should play in such connected learning situations are described.
  • ...1 more comment...
  • James Russell on 11 Sep 12
     
    This article is really good. It gets to the heart of what a teachers role really is now, not expert but facilitator. Our job now is to help students navigate the wealth of information available to them.
  • anonymous on 02 Sep 13
     
    This blog post focuses on the role of the teacher in a connectivist driven teaching paradigm. The author suggests that the role of the teacher must shift from "controlling" learning to "influencing" learning. He suggests seven roles teachers must play in networked learning environments: amplifying, curating, wayfinding and socially-driven sensemaking, aggregating, filtering, modelling, and persistent presence.
  • Daniel Oldham on 07 Sep 13
     
    I really like that it defines the role of the instructor. It is moving away from some of the earlier educational theories were the instructor was simply a subject matter expert. As an instructor we are moving more to not just telling but showing the information and where to get the information to enhance the learning.
Rebecca Olien

Online Communities of Practice: What works - 0 views

thejournal.com/...munities-of-practice-cops.aspx

edtech543 community of practice educational leadership

shared by Rebecca Olien on 05 Sep 13 - No Cached
  • Rebecca Olien on 05 Sep 13
     
    This is a very useful discussion presented from four community of practice leaders who have share insights based on their experience creating and maintaining COP. Some of the topics discussed include the importance of leadership and support, creating a culture and climate, immediacy and quality in responses, using modeling and examples when starting the community.
  • Jason Marconi on 05 Sep 13
     
    Great discussion. I enjoyed that they touched base on how to encourage participation which sometimes could be the number one problem in getting the results a community of practice could produce. To further break this down the discussion focuses on the 90-9-1 rule which states there is one person actively involved in the online presence then 9 every now and againers and 90 lurkers. From there they not only suggest how to encourage participation but how to reward it as well. Overall I enjoyed this article. Great find.
Tsisana Palmer

The Challenges to Connectivist Learning on Open Online Networks: Learning Experiences d... - 0 views

http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/882/1689 The article discusses challenges that might prevent learners from successful and effective learning: levels of learner "autonomy, prese...

Technology EDTECH543 teaching connectivism networked learning

started by Tsisana Palmer on 21 Jun 14 no follow-up yet
Cassie Davenport

Growing Up Digital: How the Web Changes Work, Education, and the Ways People Learn - 0 views

www.ux1.eiu.edu/...seely.html

EdTech543 social network CoP casestudy

shared by Cassie Davenport on 02 Jul 15 - No Cached
  • Cassie Davenport on 02 Jul 15
     
    I appreciate the example that John Brown lays out in his paper "Growing Up Digital". He speaks about the Xerox company sending in anthropologists to study how tech reps fix broken machines. They learned it is all about the communication and storytelling, never do reps use the manual. After developing an online presence for tech reps (CoP) to communicate, Xerox saves $100 million a year while the learning curve of the reps has grown by 300%. This is a great case study to get a better understanding of a CoP analyzed and at work today.
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