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Govind Rao

DRUG DIVERSIONS: the dirty little secret everywhere in health care | Vancouver Sun - 0 views

  • February 15, 2016 |
  • Drug diversion – a more polite term for theft of narcotics by hospital employees, nurses, doctors, pharmacists and other health professionals – is the dirty little secret hospital administrators and health leaders prefer not to talk about.
  • The problem is so pervasive that a new non-profit organization has sprung up in the U.S. to help hospitals outsmart their internal thieves. It’s called the International Health Facility Diversion Association (IHFDA) and its inaugural international conference will take place in Cincinnati, Ohio in September.
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  • As I have since learned, drug diversion can occur in most, if not all, hospitals, nursing homes and other medical facilities where highly addictive narcotics like morphine are dispensed.
  • The overdose death of a care aide at Vancouver General Hospital proves the need for better methods to detect and prevent theft and abuse of hospital medications, coroner Timothy Wiles said in his report Wednesday.
  • Wiles said Kerri O’Keefe, 36, who had worked in the emergency room for about 15 years, died in her Surrey condo last summer from respiratory failure after injecting a stolen hospital anesthesia drug.
  • As well, nurses and doctors will be expected to squirt leftover medications into a slush pail that’s a mixture of all drug residuals instead of using sharps containers. “We are looking to make these (remaining) drugs un-usable,” she said. Drug wasting is the term used in health care for discarding partly used medications. Some medical centres squirt leftovers into a bin filled with Kitty Litter to deter anyone from stealing the contents.
Govind Rao

Economic and Social Integration of Immigrant Live-in Caregivers in Canada » I... - 0 views

  • Jelena Atanackovic and Ivy Lynn Bourgeault Diversity, Immigration and Integration April 16, 2014
  • Unlike most other temporary foreign workers in Canada, participants in the Live-In Caregiver Program (LCP) are eligible to apply for permanent residence after completing 24 months of paid employment within a period of four years. The LCP was introduced in 1992 to address a lack of live-in workers to care for dependent people. It is estimated that a total of 17,500 former caregivers, their spouses and dependants will be admitted as permanent residents in 2014.
  • Few studies have addressed the economic and social integration of LCP workers after the program or explored how different types of caregiving — for children, disabled people or older adults — affect integration. This study helps fill these gaps through extensive qualitative research, including interviews and focus groups with 58 live-in caregivers.
Govind Rao

HEU Day celebrates health care workers' diversity, unity and solidarity | Hospital Empl... - 0 views

  • October 13, 2015 For seven decades, Hospital Employees’ Union members have been dedicated to delivering quality public health care to British Columbians every single day. For nearly a decade, HEU has supported five occupational subcommittees – clerical, support, trades and maintenance, patient care technical and patient care – consisting of rank-and-file members, Provincial Executive (P.E.) members and staff advisors. 
Heather Farrow

Newfoundland and Labrador: Still rising | rankandfile.ca - 0 views

  • September 15, 2016 in
  • By Robert DeVet
  • Seldom has a provincial austerity budget been as decisively rejected as happened this spring in Newfoundland and Labrador. Angry citizens took to the street in record numbers, filled townhalls across the province, wrote letters, called in to radio shows, and in true Newfoundland fashion made fun of a hapless Premier Dwight Ball. The anti-budget coalition was broad and diverse, and the protesters were very determined.
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  • What was surprising was that even into July there were still protest on healthcare changes. Y
  • Yet the Common Front NL, a coalition of unions, faith groups, social justice activists and students, helped maintain momentum and focus.
Cheryl Stadnichuk

Ontario's Investment in Indigenous Health Includes Significant Expansion of Indigenous-... - 0 views

  • Today, at Anishnawbe Mushkiki Aboriginal Health Access Centre in Thunder Bay, Ontario Minister of Health and Long-Term Care Dr. Eric Hoskins, alongside his colleagues David Zimmer, Minister of Aboriginal Affairs, Michael Gravelle, Minister of Northern Development and Mines, and Ontario Regional Chief Isadore Day, made a ground-breaking announcement of the largest investment in Indigenous health care in Ontario’s history. This investment includes the establishment of up to 10 new or expanded Indigenous-centred primary health care teams that include traditional healing to serve Indigenous communities across the province, similar to the existing network of 10 Aboriginal Health Access Centres (AHACs).
  • Unique in Canada and made in Ontario, AHACs are Indigenous community-led primary health care organizations that embed Indigenous cultural practices and teachings at the heart of everything they do. They provide a comprehensive array of health and social services to Indigenous communities across Ontario. These services include primary care, traditional healing, mental wellness, addictions services, cultural programs, health promotion programs, early years programs, oral health care, community development initiatives, home and community care and social support services. Importantly, they work on healing the impacts of intergenerational trauma. Being community-governed, AHACs are able to respond to the specific geographic, socioeconomic and cultural needs of the diverse Indigenous communities they serve.
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    aboriginal health Ontario
Heather Farrow

Speaking out for dissent and democracy | - 0 views

  • May 11, 2016
  • Citizens around the world are mobilizing this Saturday to assert their right to speak out, organize, and take action. As part of a Global Day for Citizen Action, people will be asked whether they are free to raise their voice and call for change.
  • Applying lessons learned from the harsh realities of the past and taking full advantage of the window of opportunity presented by the new government, the Voices alliance is putting forward an agenda for action to create enabling conditions for full, free civic engagement by Canadians from every background and belief.
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  • An alliance of Canadians from coast to coast to coast is taking up that question, launching a homegrown initiative that day to promote a healthy environment for debate, dissent, diversity, and democracy in Canada.
  • In Zimbabwe, Honduras, China, and too many other countries the risks for those who speak out are huge. Freedom of expression and freedom of association are under attack. Human rights defenders are targeted.
  • Given this bleak backdrop, some might suggest we have little to complain about in Canada. But the past dismal decade is a sober reminder there’s no cause for complacency. On the contrary, citizens and organizations critical of the government were dismissed, dismantled, defamed, and defunded. Officers of Parliament were silenced as were scientists and public servants. Access to evidence was severely constrained and dissent increasingly criminalized.
  • If you were from an indigenous community or a Muslim or a climate activist, you were all the more vulnerable to drive-by smears—or worse.
  • Transformative change is required to our laws, institutions, priorities, and political culture. Respect for human rights—both charter rights and Canada’s international obligations—must serve as the bedrock upon which all policies and programs are founded. And the vital role of civil society organizations in informing public opinion, shaping public policy, and generating political will must be respected and promoted.
  • This is particularly true for groups that represent marginalized constituencies including women, racialized peoples and others who have borne the brunt of cuts, attacks, and discrimination. Critically, the Canadian government must build a new relationship with indigenous peoples based on rights, respect, co-operation, and partnership.
  • Parliamentary accountability must be strengthened, ending omnibus bills and improving oversight and independent review. Citizens must have ready access to information, including all publicly funded research. And public servants must be encouraged to provide independent advice based on evidence and respect for the constitution and human rights. The agenda for action is ambitious but vital if we are to have a healthy enabling environment for a flourishing Canadian democracy.
  • It’s also a living document. The public, parliamentarians, pundits, and public interest groups are all encouraged to contribute their ideas and to join in securing the essential reforms we so urgently need. In its first six months, we’ve seen encouraging signals the government is following through on commitments to increase transparency and accountability. Renewed funding for the Court Challenges program, for example, is a welcome show of good faith.
  • But we’ve also seen troubling lapses where human rights have taken a back seat and alternative views have been censured, in particular in relation to the Middle East. And there are major files that remain open, including replacing Bill C-51 with legislation that respects rights and complies with the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
  • The signal we send and the example we set for advocates of freedom of expression and association around the world are critical if the phrase “Canada’s back” is to have any substance and sunny ways are to prevail—let alone if we are to reinforce these rights so they are stronger here than ever before. There is no better time for bold action to bolster respect for rights and civic engagement than now. Robert Fox is a founding member of the Voices Coalition and a long-time social justice activist.
Heather Farrow

HEU co-sponsoring Stonewall activist Martin Boyce at Vancouver Pride event | Hospital E... - 0 views

  • July 20, 2016
  • HEU has partnered with GLISA International and the Canadian Centre for Gender & Sexual Diversity to host a special Pride 2016 event, “Unions and the Pride Movement”, on Friday, July 29 at XY Nightclub (1216 Bute Street in the heart of Davie Village). They’re bringing Stonewall activist Martin Boyce to Vancouver to share his experiences in advocating for LGBTQ+ rights over the past four decades.
Heather Farrow

Rise Up | - 0 views

  • We are making change and building a stronger labour movement that recognizes the struggles of all people facing inequality in the workplace and society. The Rise Up! conference is an opportunity for union activists to come together and explore equality and fairness for all. We can empower each other by acknowledging our struggles, celebrating our gains, and sharing our stories. As human rights activists, we celebrate diversity and use our collective power to create real change for all Canadians. Share your story. Be the change. Live the change.
Heather Farrow

Should we welcome food industry funding of public health research? | The BMJ - 0 views

  • BMJ 2016; 353 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.i2161 (Published 20 April 2016) Cite this as: BMJ 2016;353:i2161
  • Paul Aveyard, professor of behavioural medicine1, Derek Yach, executive director2, Anna B Gilmore, professor of public health3, Simon Capewell, professor of public health and policy4
  • Yes—Paul Aveyard, Derek Yach
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  • No—Anna B Gilmore, Simon Capewell
  • Corporations are legally required to maximise shareholder profits and therefore have to oppose public health policies that could threaten profits. Unequivocal, longstanding evidence shows that, to achieve this, diverse industries with products that can damage health have worked systematically to subvert the scientific process. The research they fund produces uniquely favourable outcomes.8 9 10 11 Internal documents show how they manipulate evidence in their favour, strategically communicate that evidence to influence public and political opinion, and ultimately minimise regulation and legal liability.8 9 12 13
Govind Rao

Experts call for NL to keep long-term care public | Canadian Union of Public Employees - 1 views

  • Jul 15, 2015
  • Speakers at a CUPE symposium on privatization drew on a wide range of Canadian and international evidence to reach a clear conclusion: privatizing seniors’ homes in Newfoundland and Labrador makes no economic sense, and puts vulnerable seniors at risk. The symposium took place on the eve of the annual gathering of Canada’s premiers, being held this year in St. John’s. It drew a diverse crowd of advocates, elected officials, policy-makers and concerned citizens.
Irene Jansen

Toronto Aboriginal Research Project report Octoober 2011 - 0 views

  • The Toronto Aboriginal Research Project (TARP) is the largest and most comprehensive study of Aboriginal people in Toronto ever conducted. 
  • The study examined such diverse topics as: poverty and social services, the Aboriginal middle class, the two-spirited community, Aboriginal youth, women, men and seniors, housing and homelessness, culture and identity, the Aboriginal arts scene, law and justice and urban Aboriginal governance.
Irene Jansen

Too much is spent on older people's healthcare and too little on their social care, MPs... - 0 views

  • The respected economist Andrew Dilnot, chairman of the Commission on Funding of Care and Support—the body that recently reviewed the funding system for care and support in England—emphasised that the current system was in dire need of an overhaul
  • The Dilnot inquiry, which reported in July (BMJ 2011;343:d4261, doi:10.1136/bmj.d4261), recommended a cap on individuals’ personal contributions to the costs of social care of around £35 000 (€41 000; $55 000) over their lifetime. When that cap was reached, people would be eligible for full state support.
  • At the moment, the means tested threshold at which point people are required to fund the full costs of their care is £23 250, but the commission recommends increasing this to £100 000.
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  • Mr Dilnot said that the imbalance in the amounts of public money currently spent on social care for older people in England (around £8bn a year) and on healthcare (£50bn) was wrong
  • There is a barrier because of the way the systems work at the moment: the lack of pooled budgets
  • we are not looking after the market as a whole, we are not getting the diversity and choice that we should expect, and we are not even always giving the right level of sustained support to those who are delivering the care. It is bust in every dimension.
  • anticipated white paper on social care next April
  • The inquiry continues.
Irene Jansen

Darius Tahir: Innovating The Health Care Work Force | The New Republic - 0 views

  • As a recent paper in the New England Journal of Medicine by Bob Kocher and Nikhil Sahni showed, labor productivity growth in the health care sector actually fell by .6 percent between 1990 and 2010, a result which corroborates the findings of a 2010 paper by heath economist David Cutler.
  • the most promising answer seems to lie in allowing basic medicine to be practiced in more places and by an increasingly diverse set of practitioners
  • Kocher and Sahni write that a “different quantity and mix of workers engaging in a higher value set of activities” is necessary to increase productivity, with one of their suggestions being to relax licensure and scope of practice requirements for nurse practitioners and other non-doctor health care workers
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  • As Ashish Jha, an associate professor at Harvard Public School of Medicine and a practicing physician, told me, “What you see in other industries is when there’s been an uptick of technology, it has allowed everybody to move up in terms of the kinds of work they do. [In health care] it [should] allow nurses do stuff only doctors could do before.”
  • a morass of state laws blocks nurses and other non-MDs from performing many tasks
  • Each change is approved piecemeal, often over the objections of physicians’ groups.
  • Recently there’s been an uptick in what’s known as “retail clinics”—that is, small health clinics being located in retail stores, often in strip malls. CVS is one big brand that’s made an investment, and it has been rumored that Wal-Mart is interested in entering the market as well.
  • Austin Frakt, a health economist and one of Carroll’s co-bloggers, notes that such clinics tend to poach younger and more affluent patients
  • contribute to the fragmentation of care problem in the health system by creating another place generating records and care and prescriptions that’s unconnected to everything else
  • When academic papers attempt to gauge productivity, the measure is derived from things it can count: visits to the doctor, number of scans, etc. But it’s possible, Frakt says, “to imagine a situation where greater quality means fewer visits to the doctor.”
  • We have new technology, people with bright ideas … but the dominant players in the market have a very specific idea of how they’re being paid.”
Doug Allan

Hospitals and care homes that fail to provide basic care will face prosecution, says UK... - 0 views

  • The performance of hospitals and care homes is to be subject to a new tier of inspection criteria that will include basic standards of care, such as whether an individual has been given adequate food and drink, a senior adviser at the Care Quality Commission has said.
  • Alan Rosenbach, special policy adviser at the CQC, said that providers that fail to deliver the basics will be fast tracked to prosecution under new powers awarded to the regulator. The new powers will include the ability to place providers into a “quality failure regime.”
  • the government wanted the regulator to include basic elements of care in its inspection regime.
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  • He added, “The government is very helpfully moving away from what they have given all of us to work with, which were 28 standards, which we have translated into 16 outcomes.
  • Some of the suggested criteria, which are intended to capture the diversity of care and of service providers, include cleanliness; protection from abuse and discrimination; adequate pain relief; the provision of food and drink; whether complaints are listened to; and the effective organisation of ongoing care.
  • “These are really shocking indictments of the system when you realise just how many older people in particular simply don’t have those really fundamental needs met in a whole range of care settings.”
  • “They [the government] will consult next month on essentially a new set of standards [which] will be about the fundamentals of care—the really basic things. Are people hydrated? Are they fed? Are they supported to hydrate themselves? Are their basic care needs being addressed?
  • The new standards reflect the regulator’s beefed up approach to inspection, which it announced in April this year,1 in the wake of stinging criticism of its role in the well publicised care failings at Winterbourne View, Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust, and Cannock Chase Hospital.
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    British hospital regulator -- the Care Quality Commission --  to expand inspection criteria.  Will include basic standards of care -- food, cleaning, hydration. "These are really shocking indictments of the system when you realise just how many older people in particular simply don't have those really fundamental needs met in a whole range of care settings."
Govind Rao

More registered nurses needed to meet health care targets | www.citizen.on.ca | Orangev... - 0 views

  • Written By Wes keller
  • The provincial government will not be able to live up to its promises of a transformed health-care system that meets the diverse care needs of Ontarians without hiring more nurses, says the Registered Nurses’ Association of Ontario (RNAO).
  • Too many registered nurses (RN) across this province are experiencing excessive workloads, and job openings for new grads have dried up,” said Rhonda Seidman-Carlson, president of RNAO. According to RNAO’s calculations, 12.9 per cent of newly graduated RNs were unemployed in 2012. A further 4.1 per cent were working outside of nursing and looking for nursing employment.
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  • The RNAO has sent a letter to Premier Kathleen Wynne and urged its members to write to the premier to press for action.
Govind Rao

The national vision that failed - 0 views

  • EHealth: Each province doing its own thing has made digitization costs balloon  By Jules Knox, Special To The Province September 24, 2013
  • Billions of taxpayer dollars have been spent on digitization but governments continue to struggle to address the diverse needs of healthcare practitioners. The vision of a pan-Canadian electronic health record for each patient, which once seemed so important, is now further off than ever.
  • B.C. Civil Liberties Association policy director Micheal Vonn is concerned that Canada Health Infoway has an exemption from freedom of information requests related to its spending.
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  • When the federal government realized a national strategy was needed, it created Canada Health Infoway, a not-for-profit corporation that has received $2.1 billion since its founding in 2001 to invest in provincial electronic health projects and set pan-Canadian standards for interoperability.
Govind Rao

Economic inequality is bad for our health - Infomart - 0 views

  • Toronto Star Sun Apr 26 2015
  • The powerful relationship between poverty and health has been documented for nearly two centuries. We have long known that a person's economic position is the strongest predictor of their health status. Being poor means dying sooner and dying sicker. A Toronto Public Health report released earlier this week concludes that poverty is literally imprinting itself on the lives of Torontonians. The findings presented in the report are grim. Over the past decade, health inequalities between the rich and the poor have persisted. In some cases, they have grown wider. Opportunities to be healthy in Toronto remain as unequally distributed as ever. The report rightfully attributes these inequalities to the social determinants of health - a diverse range of factors including income, education, employment and housing.
  • We live in a divided city and the deepening of economic cleavages has become a defining feature of our civic landscape. Income inequality is on the rise. Housing is becoming less affordable. Neighbourhoods are becoming more polarized. And the cost of living has far outpaced individual earnings. In Toronto, as elsewhere, the social determinants of health have suffered significant decline. As the report makes clear, the poorest among our city's residents have borne the greatest part of this burden. These trends have affected the health of the poor in countless ways. They have constrained access to quality health care. They have increased susceptibility to harmful behaviours, such as smoking. They have compromised the adequacy and stability of housing conditions. They have restricted access to nutritious foods. They have heightened exposures to daily stress and adversity that get under our skin and harm not only our minds but our bodies as well. In fact, research has shown that economic conditions underlie almost every pathway leading to almost every health outcome.
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  • So it shouldn't come as a surprise that, despite a decade of public programs intended to promote health equity, the health status of the poorest Torontonians hasn't improved. In fact, this was entirely predictable. At the heart of the issue are two important insights provided by our best available science. First, public health programs that are designed to encourage people to alter their lifestyles and behaviours simply do not address the myriad other associations between economic position and health status. Attempts to address any one problem do little to fundamentally interrupt the overall correlation. Second, because public health programs do not address the "causes of the causes," they are incapable of stemming the tide of new individuals that develop poor health-related behaviours. No sooner has one cohort been exposed to a health-promotion program than another is ready and waiting.
  • oronto has made little progress in the fight against poverty over the last decade and thus it's to be expected that health inequality remains stark. We find little fault in the actions of Toronto Public Health. Rather, as the science makes clear, the true guardians of our health are the policy-makers that determine whether all Torontonians - and all Canadians, more generally - are able to keep up with the costs of everyday life. What can we do? We can create widespread recognition that when our governments fail to redress inequalities, they undermine the health of our society. We can engage in civic and political action to help pass public policies that reduce the economic distance between the rich and the poor. We can also support organizations that advocate on behalf of these policies, including Toronto Public Health and the labour unions that protect the conditions of low-wage workers.
  • Health inequalities are one of the most formidable public health problems of our time. The science strongly supports Toronto Public Health's insights that public health programs are wholly insufficient to alleviate their burden. The solution lies in tackling the unequal distribution of resources that has become a defining feature of our city and our society at large. Arjumand Siddiqi is assistant professor and Faraz Vahid Shahidi is a doctoral student at the Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto. Correspondence should be sent to Ms. Siddiqi at: aa.siddiqi@utoronto.ca
Govind Rao

Rally for Equality and Solidarity | CUPE New Brunswick - 0 views

  • Women on the March until we are all free: Rally for Equality and Solidarity
  • In front of the NB Legislature, Fredericton, 12 noon, Friday, April 24, 2015
  • New Brunswick will join the International World March of Women 2015 in a global day of action on Friday, April 24, which marks the second anniversary of the horrific Bangladesh factory collapse that killed 1,135 workers. The focus of this year’s march is precarious work.
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  • Freedom for our bodies, our land and our territories.”
  • Approximately, 100,000 people in New Brunswick, almost one in seven, live below the poverty line. Almost one third of single-parent households in New Brunswick are poor, according to 2011 statistics. Following the most recent economic crisis, governments have been implementing austerity budgets and New Brunswick is no exception. New Brunswickers are still struggling for pay equity, access to reproductive health care and child care.
  • Elsipogtog women made international headlines when they put their bodies on the line to defend their territories against shale gas. Maya women in Guatemala are demanding justice in Canadian courts for rape and murder committed by a Canadian mine’s security guards. Rape is a weapon used in wars around the world.
  • More of us are demanding action be taken for our missing and murdered indigenous women and girls and making the links to capitalism, colonization and destruction of the land.
  • This global feminist movement brings together diverse groups, including women’s groups, unions, anti-poverty groups, Indigenous activists, international solidarity groups and many others. Since the first March in 2000, activists have organized local, national and global marches, hundreds of workshops and actions and lobbying of governments and international organizations.
  • Speakers:
  • The 4th International World March of Women was launched on March 8, International Women’s Day, and will conclude October 17, 2015, International Day for the Eradication of Poverty.
Govind Rao

Your smartphone will see you now; Apps that can track symptoms are among new ways of br... - 0 views

  • Toronto Star Tue Jul 28 2015
  • Jody Kearns doesn't like to spend time obsessing about her Parkinson's disease. The 56-year-old dietitian from Syracuse, N.Y., had to give up bicycling because the disorder affected her balance. But she still works, drives and tries to live a normal life. Yet since she enrolled in a clinical study that uses her iPhone to gather information about her condition, Kearns has been diligently taking a series of tests three times a day. She taps the phone's screen in a certain pattern, records a spoken phrase and walks a short distance while the phone's motion sensors measure her gait. "The thing with Parkinson's disease is there's not much you can do about it," she said of the nervous-system disorder, which can be managed but has no cure. "So when I heard about this, I thought, 'I can do this.'"
  • Smartphone apps are the latest tools to emerge from the intersection of health care and Silicon Valley, where tech companies are also working on new ways of bringing patients and doctors together online, applying massive computing power to analyze DNA and even developing ingestible "smart" pills for detecting cancer. More than 75,000 people have enrolled in health studies that use specialized iPhone apps, built with software Apple Inc. developed to help turn the popular smartphone into a research tool. Once enrolled, iPhone owners use the apps to submit data on a daily basis, by answering a few survey questions or using the iPhone's built-in sensors to measure their symptoms.
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  • Scientists overseeing the studies say the apps could transform medical research by helping them collect information more frequently and from more people, across larger and more diverse regions, than they're able to reach with traditional health studies. A smartphone "is a great platform for research," said Dr. Michael McConnell, a Stanford University cardiologist, who's using an app to study heart disease. "It's one thing that people have with them every day." While the studies are in early stages, researchers also say a smartphone's microphone, motion sensors and touchscreen can take precise readings that, in some cases, may be more reliable than a doctor's observations. These can be correlated with other health or fitness data and even environmental conditions, such as smog levels, based on the phone's GPS locator.
  • "Participating in clinical studies is often a burden," he explained. "You have to live near where the study's being conducted. You have to be able to take time off work and go in for frequent assessments." Smartphones also offer the ability to collect precise readings, Dorsey added. One test in the Parkinson's study measures the speed at which participants tap their fingers in a particular sequence on the iPhone's touchscreen. Dorsey said that's more objective than a process still used in clinics, where doctors watch patients tap their fingers and assign them a numerical score.
  • The most important is safeguarding privacy and the data that's collected, according to ethics experts. In addition, researchers say apps must be designed to ask questions that produce useful information, without overloading participants or making them lose interest after a few weeks. Study organizers also acknowledge that iPhone owners tend to be more affluent and not necessarily an accurate mirror of the world's population. Apple had previously created software called HealthKit for apps that track iPhone owners' health statistics and exercise habits. Senior vice-president Jeff Williams said the company wants to help scientists by creating additional software for more specialized apps, using the iPhone's capabilities and vast user base - estimated at 70 million or more in North America alone. "This is advancing research and helping to democratize medicine," Williams said in an interview.
  • Others have had similar ideas. Google Inc. says it's developing a health-tracking wristband specifically designed for medical studies. Researchers also have tried limited studies that gather data from apps on Android phones. But if smartphones hold great promise for medical research, experts say there are issues to consider when turning vast numbers of people into walking test subjects.
  • Apple launched its ResearchKit program in March with five apps to investigate Parkinson's, asthma, heart disease, diabetes and breast cancer. A sixth app was released last month to collect information for a long-term health study of gays and lesbians by the University of California, San Francisco. Williams said more are being developed. For scientists, a smartphone app is a relatively inexpensive way to reach thousands of people living in different settings and geographic areas. Traditional studies may only draw a few hundred participants, said Dr. Ray Dorsey, a University of Rochester neurologist who's leading the Parkinson's app study, called mPower.
  • Some apps rely on participants to provide data. Elizabeth Ortiz, a 48-year-old New York nurse with asthma, measures her lung power each day by breathing into an inexpensive plastic device. She types the results into the Asthma Health app, which also asks if she's had difficulty breathing or sleeping, or taken medication that day. "I'm a Latina woman and there's a high rate of asthma in my community," said Ortiz, who said she already used her iPhone "constantly" for things such as banking and email. "I figured that participating would help my family and friends, and anyone else who suffers from asthma."
  • None of the apps test experimental drugs or surgeries. Instead, they're designed to explore such questions as how diseases develop or how sufferers respond to stress, exercise or standard treatment regimens. Stanford's McConnell said he also wants to study the effect of giving participants feedback on their progress, or reminders about exercise and medication. In the future, researchers might be able to incorporate data from participants' hospital records, said McConnell. But first, he added, they must build a track record of safeguarding data they collect. "We need to get to the stage where we've passed the privacy test and made sure that people feel comfortable with this."
  • Toward that end, the enrolment process for each app requires participants to read an explanation of how their information will be used, before giving formal consent. The studies all promise to meet federal health confidentiality rules and remove identifying information from other data that's collected. Apple says it won't have access to any data or use it for commercial purposes.
  • Elizabeth Ortiz uses the Asthma Health smartphone app to track her condition. • Richard Drew/the associated press
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