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Laura Shaw

Yong Zhao » Blog Archive » Ditch Testing (Part 5): Testing Has Not Improved E... - 0 views

  • Arne Duncan’s proposal to “reward excellence” and push to directly connect teacher and principal evaluation and their income will only increase the stakes in testing, and will likely provide more incentives for cheating.
  • we may see high performing schools participate in cheating in the future because they now have a reason to want to score well to be rewarded for “being excellent while before they only have to pass to avoid failure, which their students already do.
  • high-stakes testing
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  • we have to abandon it
  • broader issues of high stakes testing
  • its costs are too high and the benefits too little.
  • since 2002, the federal Department of Education has provided $400 million every year to states for implementing NCLB assessments—which amounts to $4 billion over 10 years. But that’s just the federal portion for NCLB required tests. The actual cost is much higher.
  • These billions of dollars have also led to other costs that cannot be measured. They have been used to direct resources in schools to preparing for tests and managing reporting, for example. This means schools have lost opportunities to consider other forms of activities that may be more beneficial to their students.
  • most serious and well-documented costs are the loss of opportunities for students to have access to a broad range of educational experiences as well as the opportunity to develop the ability and skills that truly matter in the 21st century such creativity and global competence.
Laura Shaw

Why giving standardized tests to young children is 'really dumb' - The Answer Sheet - T... - 1 views

  • In fact, when longitudinal studies of testing were examined to see if the achievement test scores of young children could predict the achievement test scores received by those same children a few years later, the answer was that the tests did not predict well at all.
  • scores received by young children on assessments of their social and behavioral skills turned out to be completely useless as predictors of the scores the children received on the same measures a few years later.
  • young children are undergoing significant changes in brain growth, physiology, and emotional regulation throughout their first eight years of life
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  • among poor children there are also more frequent changes in family income, housing, caretakers, food security, and so forth. That is, the instability in the scores of middle-class children is expected to be even greater among lower-class children.
  • federal government tried to assess young children once before, when it mandated a test to assess the effects of Head Start. The government spent millions of dollars to develop the National Reporting System (NRS) to assess 4-year-olds in Head Start programs. But the NRS was a complete failure.
Laura Shaw

Usable Knowledge: Measure for measures: What do standardized tests really tell us about... - 1 views

  • The problem is that as people have become increasingly focused on the tests that matter, the tests for which people are held accountable, scores on those tests have often become misleading, sometimes wildly misleading. And that’s ironically undermined what we can say with confidence about how much kids actually know and can do.
  • nobody is spending a lot of time prepping kids specifically for that test. So when scores go up on one of those tests, we have a fair degree of confidence that kids really know more.
  • look for the big picture. Make comparisons to countries that make sense to compare us to, but don’t pay attention to small differences, because you can’t trust them.
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  • there is no international average, other than the average of the countries that happened to participate that time.
Laura Shaw

Usable Knowledge: Measure for measures: What do standardized tests really tell us about... - 1 views

  • the misconception that matters the most is the notion somehow a good test measures all of what’s important.
  • you sample from this big domain of achievement a modest number of things that allow you to predict the whole. That’s all a test is
  • its value is only as a tool for estimating what kids really know about the whole.
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  • if the pressure becomes too severe, then people game the system.
  • The answer to the current problems we’re seeing is not, in my view, stop holding schools accountable for teaching kids. It’s, find a better way to do it, one that has fewer side effects.
  • Breaking people into these bins — below basic, basic, proficient, advanced — has, in my view, been one of the worst decisions we made in testing in decades.
  • it’s a very insensitive way to report performance.
Laura Shaw

Teachers Feeling 'Beat Down' As School Year Starts : NPR - 0 views

  • The consensus though is that the Obama administration's education policies are no less prescriptive or punitive than the much maligned No Child Left Behind law. And high stakes tests are undermining quality instruction and good teachers, especially if test results are used to evaluate teachers or decide how much they should be paid.
  • "The notion that education reform could get wrapped up so closely with attempts to eliminate collective bargaining has made it very difficult to have this conversation all over the country," Williams say.
  • "The reason that these debates are happening now is because of the economy. You see policymakers seeing that this crisis is an opportunity to fix some things that have been broken for a long time," Petrilli says.
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  • at the beginning of the year, Petrilli says, 14 states mandated that layoffs be based on seniority, not effectiveness. The other huge issue that doesn't get nearly as much attention is the teacher pension crisis.
Laura Shaw

Superstar teachers | Harvard Gazette - 2 views

  • high value-added (HVA) teachers — those that do the best job of raising students’ scores on standardized tests.
  • while the new research may identify HVA teachers, it’s still not clear what constitutes good teaching.
  • There’s one predictor of value-added, which is teacher experience. In the first couple of years, teachers’ value-added goes up quite a bit. Beside that, people who have more-advanced degrees, [have] higher SAT scores, graduated from a better college, are certified versus uncertified — none of these things are strong predictors of value-added.”
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  • improving the quality of teaching will have substantial returns for the economy and even decrease poverty. The question is how to go about it.
Laura Shaw

Suzanne Tacheny Kubach: Let's "Save" What Matters Most: Students - 0 views

  • The SOS campaign seems more about catharsis, with vague and mostly platitudinous principles, rather than a strategy offering a specific, alternative vision for school improvement
  • basic aim
  • increase public funding through a campaign to roll back accountability
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  • streams excuses for the status quo
  • teachers near the top of the quality distribution
  • Hanushek's data refutes the claim that schools are powerless to overcome family circumstances
  • if a student has three years in a row of great teaching, that experience will overcome the average achievement deficit between low-income kids and their more well-off peers
  • Most of the policies that govern teachers and teaching treat all teachers as if they are the same. (For more on this, read The Widget Effect.)
  • backers of this rally don't want parents or the public to have the kinds of data that enable parents or school leaders to distinguish who these great teachers are
  • rally's only really specific principle calls for an end to the use of student assessment for any decisions of consequence
  • effective testing and data enable school leaders to identify what's not working so they can make sure that students and teachers get the support and resources they need to succeed
  • Children in this country have a right to a quality education -- but the public schools don't have a right to every child!
  • We use information to expose achievement gaps and other systematic inequities that work against that promise so that action can be taken to fix those problems before they destroy kids lives.
Laura Shaw

Can Teachers Alone Overcome Poverty? Steven Brill Thinks So | The Nation - 0 views

  • economists Thomas Kane and Douglas Staiger, whose work on value-added teacher evaluation has powerfully influenced Bill Gates’s education philanthropy
  • teacher effectiveness could overcome those disadvantages
  • One-fifth of the middle schoolers in Providence, Rhode Island, for example, entered kindergarten in 2003 suffering from some level of lead poisoning, which disproportionately affects the poor and is associated with intellectual delays and behavioral problems such as ADHD. “It is now understood that there is no safe level of lead in the human body,” writes education researcher David Berliner, “and that lead at any level has an impact on IQ.”
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  • Food insecurity is similarly correlated with cognitive delays
  • When children attend school inadequately nourished, their bodies conserve the limited food energy that is available. Energy is first reserved for critical organ functions. If sufficient energy remains, it then is allocated for growth. The last priority is for social activity and learning. As a result, undernourished children become more apathetic and have impaired cognitive capacity. Letting schoolchildren go hungry means that the nation’s investments in public education are jeopardized by childhood malnutrition.
  • Acknowledging connections between the economy, poverty, health and brain function is not an attempt to “excuse” failing school bureaucracies and classroom teachers; rather, it is a necessary prerequisite for authentic school reform, which must be based on a realistic assessment of the whole child—not just a child’s test scores
  • Although Brill, by the end of Class Warfare, comes to recognize the limits of the education reform movement he so admires, he somehow maintains his commitment to the idea that teachers can completely overcome poverty. There’s a reason, I think, why this ideology is so attractive to many of the wealthy charter school founders and donors Brill profiles, from hedge funder Whitney Tilson to investment manager and banking heir Boykin Curry. If the United States could somehow guarantee poor people a fair shot at the American dream through shifting education policies alone, then perhaps we wouldn’t have to feel so damn bad about inequality—about low tax rates and loopholes that benefit the superrich and prevent us from expanding access to childcare and food stamps; about private primary and secondary schools that cost as much annually as an Ivy League college, and provide similar benefits; about moving to a different neighborhood, or to the suburbs, to avoid sending our children to school with kids who are not like them.
Laura Shaw

Reading Between the Lines | The Nation - 2 views

  • a political party that once called for the abolition of the Education Department has radically enhanced the federal presence in public schools. After repeating the mantra of local control and states' rights for a generation, the GOP now intrudes on both.
  • original aspirations for an American public school system
  • public schools were necessary to fashion a common national culture out of a far-flung and often immigrant population, and to prepare young people to be reflective and critical citizens in a democratic society. The emphasis was on self-governance through self-respect; a sense of cultural ownership through participation; and ultimately, freedom from tyranny through rational deliberation.
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  • One of the reform movement's founding documents is Reinventing Education: Entrepreneurship in America's Public Schools, by Lou Gerstner, chairman of IBM. Gerstner describes schoolchildren as human capital, teachers as sellers in a marketplace and the public school system as a monopoly
  • among those who style themselves "compassionate conservatives," education has become a sentimental and, all things considered, cheap way to talk about equalizing opportunity without committing to substantial income redistribution
  • "Child-centered" education, "progressive" education or "whole language"--each has been singled out as a social menace that can be vanquished only by applying a more rational, results-oriented and business-minded approach to public education.
Laura Shaw

Free Advisers Cost N.Y. Education Dept., Critics Say - NYTimes.com - 0 views

  • Those donors include Bill Gates ($892,000), who is leading the charge to evaluate teachers, principals and schools using students’ test scores
  • National Association of Charter School Administrators ($50,000)
  • Robbins Foundation ($500,000), which finance charter expansion
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  • Tortora Sillcox Family Foundation ($500,000)
Laura Shaw

Kids today really are less creative, study says - parenting - TODAY.com - 3 views

  • creativity declines in adulthood as we become more aware of the notions of right and wrong answers, she said.
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