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E-Learning 2.0 ~ Stephen's Web ~ by Stephen Downes - 20 views

  • In general, where we are now in the online world is where we were before the beginning of e-learning [1]. Traditional theories of distance learning, of (for example) transactional distance, as described by Michael G. Moore, have been adapted for the online world. Content is organized according to this traditional model and delivered either completely online or in conjunction with more traditional seminars, to cohorts of students, led by an instructor, following a specified curriculum to be completed at a predetermined pace.
  • networked markets
  • In learning, these trends are manifest in what is sometimes called "learner-centered" or "student-centered" design. This is more than just adapting for different learning styles or allowing the user to change the font size and background color; it is the placing of the control of learning itself into the hands of the learner
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  • creation, communication and participation playing key roles
  • The breaking down of barriers has led to many of the movements and issues we see on today's Internet. File-sharing, for example, evolves not of a sudden criminality among today's youth but rather in their pervasive belief that information is something meant to be shared. This belief is manifest in such things as free and open-source software, Creative Commons licenses for content, and open access to scholarly and other works. Sharing content is not considered unethical; indeed, the hoarding of content is viewed as antisocial [9]. And open content is viewed not merely as nice to have but essential for the creation of the sort of learning network described by Siemens [10].
  • "Enter Web 2.0, a vision of the Web in which information is broken up into "microcontent" units that can be distributed over dozens of domains. The Web of documents has morphed into a Web of data. We are no longer just looking to the same old sources for information. Now we're looking to a new set of tools to aggregate and remix microcontent in new and useful ways"
  • Web 2.0 is not a technological revolution, it is a social revolution.
  • It also begins to look like a personal portfolio tool [18]. The idea here is that students will have their own personal place to create and showcase their own work. Some e-portfolio applications, such as ELGG, have already been created. IMS Global as put together an e-portfolio specification [19]. "The portfolio can provide an opportunity to demonstrate one's ability to collect, organize, interpret and reflect on documents and sources of information. It is also a tool for continuing professional development, encouraging individuals to take responsibility for and demonstrate the results of their own learning" [20].
    • Michael Johnson
       
      Also a place to receive and give feedback. I believe that one of the things that learners need to have to be prepared for learning in this space (social media or web 2.0) is the ability to evaluate, to give good feedback. Additionally, to be able to receive feedback constructively.
  • In the world of e-learning, the closest thing to a social network is a community of practice, articulated and promoted by people such as Etienne Wenger in the 1990s. According to Wenger, a community of practice is characterized by "a shared domain of interest" where "members interact and learn together" and "develop a shared repertoire of resources."
  • Yahoo! Groups
  • Blogging is very different from traditionally assigned learning content. It is much less formal. It is written from a personal point of view, in a personal voice. Students' blog posts are often about something from their own range of interests, rather than on a course topic or assigned project. More importantly, what happens when students blog, and read reach others' blogs, is that a network of interactions forms-much like a social network, and much like Wenger's community of practice.
    • Michael Johnson
       
      So, I believe he is saying that virtual communities of practice that form naturally are more real and approach what Wenger was talking about better than contrived "communities" put together in classes. That may be true. but does it have to be? If people come together to with a common purpose and the instructor allows the students freedom to explore what is important to them then I would hope that this kind of community can develop even in formal educational settings. Relevance is a key issue here!
  • "We're talking to the download generation," said Peter Smith, associate dean, Faculty of Engineering. "Why not have the option to download information about education and careers the same way you can download music? It untethers content from the Web and lets students access us at their convenience." Moreover, using an online service such as Odeo, Blogomatrix Sparks, or even simply off-the-shelf software, students can create their own podcasts.
  • The e-learning application, therefore, begins to look very much like a blogging tool. It represents one node in a web of content, connected to other nodes and content creation services used by other students. It becomes, not an institutional or corporate application, but a personal learning center, where content is reused and remixed according to the student's own needs and interests. It becomes, indeed, not a single application, but a collection of interoperating applications—an environment rather than a system.
  • Web 2.0 is not a technological revolution, it is a social revolution. "Here's my take on it: Web 2.0 is an attitude not a technology. It's about enabling and encouraging participation through open applications and services. By open I mean technically open with appropriate APIs but also, more importantly, socially open, with rights granted to use the content in new and exciting contexts"
  • This approach to learning means that learning content is created and distributed in a very different manner. Rather than being composed, organized and packaged, e-learning content is syndicated, much like a blog post or podcast. It is aggregated by students, using their own personal RSS reader or some similar application. From there, it is remixed and repurposed with the student's own individual application in mind, the finished product being fed forward to become fodder for some other student's reading and use.
    • Michael Johnson
       
      I like the idea of students passing on their work to be fodder for someone else's learning. In this way we change to from a learner to a learner/teacher! (See Dillon Inouye's work and Comments from John Seeley Brown)
  • More formally, instead of using enterprise learning-management systems, educational institutions expect to use an interlocking set of open-source applications. Work on such a set of applications has begun in a number of quarters, with the E-Learning Framework defining a set of common applications and the newly formed e-Framework for Education and Research drawing on an international collaboration. While there is still an element of content delivery in these systems, there is also an increasing recognition that learning is becoming a creative activity and that the appropriate venue is a platform rather than an application.
    • Michael Johnson
    • Michael Johnson
       
      Jon Mott has some cool ideas related to this paragraph.
  • he most important learning skills that I see children getting from games are those that support the empowering sense of taking charge of their own learning. And the learner taking charge of learning is antithetical to the dominant ideology of curriculum design
  • game "modding" allows players to make the game their own
  • Words are only meaningful when they can be related to experiences," said Gee. If I say "I spilled the coffee," this has a different meaning depending on whether I ask for a broom or a mop. You cannot create that context ahead of time— it has to be part of the experience.
  • A similar motivation underlies the rapidly rising domain of mobile learning [24]—for after all, were the context in which learning occurs not important, it would not be useful or necessary to make learning mobile. Mobile learning offers not only new opportunities to create but also to connect. As Ellen Wagner and Bryan Alexander note, mobile learning "define(s) new relationships and behaviors among learners, information, personal computing devices, and the world at large"
  • "ubiquitous computing."
  • what this means is having learning available no matter what you are doing.
  • The challenge will not be in how to learn, but in how to use learning to create something more, to communicate.
    • Michael Johnson
       
      I still think part of the challenge is how to learn. How to wade through a sea of all that is out there and "learn from the best" that is available. Find, organize, evaluate, analyze, synthesize, as well as create. I agree with Chris Lott (@fncll) that creativity is vital! (I am just not so sure that it is a non-starter to say that we should be moral first...though it could be argued that we should become moral through the creative process).
  • And what people were doing with the Web was not merely reading books, listening to the radio or watching TV, but having a conversation, with a vocabulary consisting not just of words but of images, video, multimedia and whatever they could get their hands on. And this became, and looked like, and behaved like, a network.
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    Stephen Downes' take on eLearning and what the future holds
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minds_on_fire.pdf (application/pdf Object) - 0 views

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    This wrinkled world is not as flat as one might think........ http://durffsblog.blogspot.com/2008/04/this-wrinkled-world.html
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    This wrinkled world is not as flat as one might think........
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Reasons why React Native Is the Future of Hybrid App Development - TI Technologies - 0 views

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    As the world of mobile apps is expanding beyond comprehension, demand for better and faster apps shoot up. We need applications that perform easily, have a magnificent look, simple to create, and can be implemented rapidly. All these necessities are difficult to satisfy as high performance, related to native apps, set aside enough time for the advancement. Then again, faster deployment, related with cross-platform applications, trade-off, no less than a bit, on performance. Therefore, aching for better languages, tools that help top-notch hybrid apps development, and frameworks keep developers on their toes. One such resolution, which quickly changing the universe of versatile applications is Facebook's React Native. It is a JavaScript library to assemble a UI that enables you to make versatile mobile applications and work easily as native apps. It even gives you a chance to reuse the code over the web and mobile platforms. You don't have to develop for Android and iOS, independently, as one code is sufficient for both the platforms, saving money and time. Let's look at some reasons that point towards React Native taking the center stage in the future. Supports Both iOS & Android - 'Supportive' Because of the two different operating systems which are majorly being used by the customers across the world, the primary challenge for the mobile app development companies is to choose one ahead of the other. But Facebook made it easy by introducing React Native. It supports both iOS and Android making it convenient for the app developers to use the same code for both the platforms without writing it from the scratch. Reusability for better development What makes us to state that REACTS is the eventual fate of application development? It is the reusability of the components. You don't have the Web view components anymore for hybrid apps with React native. The essential code for this framework will easily be reused within the native apps, and you'll easily compile it
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10 Electrical Safety Steps for Keeping you and your Family Safe - Professional Electric... - 0 views

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    When it comes to keeping your family safe from harm, you want to do everything in your power. Dealing with electricity can be a dangerous thing if you don't do it correctly. Teaching your family how to properly approach electrical problems can make a world of difference in their safety. Here are our top 10 electrical safety tips to help keep your family safe from harm. 1.) Avoid Overloading An Electrical Outlet And Power Strips Being in the technology age, it can sometimes be difficult to charge all of our mobile items. From your phone to your iPod, to your computer, you need to have a clear outlet space to do so. Many think the best solution is to simply add more temporary outlets to their existing hardwired outlets. This can be done with power strips and multi-outlet plugins. While these may seem convenient at first, they actually can cause major electrical problems. Overloading outlets can cause burnt plugs, and in more severe cases, full-on house fires. You should avoid using multi-outlet plugins as much as possible to reduce your family's risk of danger. 2.) Don't Yank On Electrical Cords It may seem tempting from time to time to pull on a power cord to get it out of the wall. Just because it saves you that short trip back down the hallway to unplug the sweeper, it's actually costing you more in the long run because of the wear it takes. Realize that by yanking power cords, you can damage the cord, the plug, and the actual wall outlet. In the event that your wall outlet has become loose due to being yanked on, we suggest calling a qualified electrician to fix the issue. 3.) Avoid Keeping Power Cords Near Water If you've ever noticed that the outlets in your kitchen and bathroom are shaped differently than the rest, you've seen a GFCI outlet. These are specially made to help decrease the likelihood of electrical shock in the event that water seeps into the outlet. You can do yourself a favor and protect you and your family from electrical shock b
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What makes Subclass 489 Visa the Perfect PR Route? - 0 views

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    Immigrating to Australia can be a refreshing start for you in a country that reeks of a cosmopolitan culture, with Subclass 489 being one of the most popular PR pathways to take you there. PR or permanent residency provides you with the right to settle in the island continent, making it you home. With a high quality of living and being a global hub for immigrants from all around the world, Australia has emerged as one of the topmost economies of the world in the recent years.
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Australia PR Requirements for State Nomination to South Australia - 0 views

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    Immigration to South Australia allows access to job opportunities in Adelaide - the fifth most liveable city in the world - and less-populated areas of the state, as well as world-class education and healthcare services. Those who wish to unlock these privileges must fulfil the Australia PR requirements of 'Immigration South Australia' - the state government agency that issues state nominations to eligible candidates.
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Top 5 Career Options After Blockchain Certification - 0 views

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    Blockchain technology landed on the world stage with a Bitcoinish bang. And since then, it has become one of the hottest technologies to take the world by a storm. According to Upwork, blockchain technology is the most demanded skill in the United States' job market. This technology has shown a lot of promise in its ability to revolutionize how any information is stored.
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: Best online money transfer company | Dar al Tawakul General Trading LLC - 0 views

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    Dar al Tawakul General Trading LLC is one of the world famous money transfer company in the world it is serving a responsibility service to the people who are far from the their relatives
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How to Influence B2B Customer Decision-Making - DiggiWeb - 0 views

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    Launching a startup is not easy, and the corporate world can be very cruel. The corporate world is difficult to access, and its decision-making process is neither quick nor easy. Many people intervene, exert influence and may even veto our proposal.
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Immigrate to Australia with no barriers in 2021 - 0 views

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    For a long period of time the borders of Australia have been closed due to the deadly corona or Covid-19 situation which has taken the world by storm. No wonder we all need a respite to travel freely now that many of the world population has been vaccinated, we can say it is now safe to Immigrate to Australia.
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How has Australia Immigration brought the world together? - 0 views

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    Want to move to one of the best countries, that has invited immigrants from all over the world? This is how Australia immigration has taken birth, making it the best place to settle for the long term. The island continent of Australia has been the hub for those immigrants who have the adequate skills and work experience to explore the employment opportunities.
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Canada business start up visa | Top immigration consultant in India- Worldoverseasimmig... - 0 views

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Buy Verified Binance Accounts - 0 views

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    Buy Verified Binance Accounts Introduction As a platform for exchanging different cryptocurrencies, Binance is a cryptocurrency exchange. Yi He and Changpeng Zhao launched it in 2017. Binance is the largest cryptocurrency exchange in the world based on trading volume. What Is Binance? As a platform for exchanging different cryptocurrencies, Binance is a cryptocurrency exchange. Yi He and Changpeng Zhao launched it in 2017. Binance is the largest cryptocurrency exchange in the world based on trading volume. A wide range of digital assets, including Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, Binance Coin, and others, are available for trading on Binance. Additionally, the business offers a smartphone app for trading while on the road. Binance has established itself as one of the top names in the cryptocurrency industry by providing a wide range of other services in addition to trading cryptocurrencies, such as a digital asset wallet. Buy Verified Binance Accounts
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    Buy Verified Binance Accounts Introduction As a platform for exchanging different cryptocurrencies, Binance is a cryptocurrency exchange. Yi He and Changpeng Zhao launched it in 2017. Binance is the largest cryptocurrency exchange in the world based on trading volume. What Is Binance? As a platform for exchanging different cryptocurrencies, Binance is a cryptocurrency exchange. Yi He and Changpeng Zhao launched it in 2017. Binance is the largest cryptocurrency exchange in the world based on trading volume.
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Fool proof way to migrate to Australia from India - 0 views

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    With a universally well-known education system, Australia has made its mark in the world for inviting immigrants from across the world
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How do I start an e-commerce business l diggiweb - 0 views

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    Throughout the world, people are interested in running e-commerce businesses. Because e-commerce businesses are one of the most profitable businesses in the world.
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Donald Trump chooses Exxon CEO Rex Tillerson for Secretary of State | World News - 0 views

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    World News: US President-elect Donald Trump chose Exxon Mobil's CEO Rex Tillerson to head the State Department, rejecting concerns over the close relations of the businessman with Russia. Trump's decision cap a long process that has often played in public cracks and exposed within its transition team. He also puts Trump in place for a potential fight with Congress on Tillerson's confirmation, which has connections with Russian President Vladimir Putin.
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7 Online Science Projects for All Grade Levels: Project Based Learning Science Activiti... - 25 views

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    Projects in science are provided which take full advantage of Internet resources to help students develop a better understanding of the world in which they live.
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