Some people are completely blind, but many others have what's called legal blindness. They haven't lost their sight completely but have lost enough vision that they'd have to stand 20 feet from an object to see it as well as someone with perfect vision could from 200 feet away.

While the causes vary, there are several common signs which may indicate that a child has a visual impairment. These include:Irregular eye movements (for instance, eyes that don’t move together or that appear unfocused)Unusual habits (such as covering one eye or frequently rubbing eyes)Sitting abnormally close to a television or holding a book close to the face

Challenges in conceptualizing objects occur because the student lacks the vision to process objects the way that his or her classmates do. Sensory learning works well as a solution, according to NICHCY. This strategy helps students with visual impairments conceptualize by allowing them to use their other senses to understand an object.

Children and adults with low vision are not considered legally blind, they simply have reduced vision at or lower than 20/70. Students who are blind have vision that is at or lower than 20/200. Nonetheless, only 15% of students with visual impairments are considered to be completely blind, with no light or form perception ability

Children with visual impairments often start off learning to read and write with the assistance of low-tech solutions, such as high-intensity lamps and book-stands. Sometimes screen magnification and computer typing and reading programs are used. In other cases, low vision students will learn to read using the Braille system over text, or a combination of the two. However, as students progress through early grade levels and reading and writing activities become more demanding, periodic literacy skills assessment is required to ensure additional resources and adaptive strategy instruction are provided to meet their needs.

For those students with visual impairments who do not master Braille, making use of technology to facilitate reading is fundamental. In fact, most talented Braille readers prefer to use computers or tablets when reading for fun anyway. And students who learn to use a computer not only find homework easier to complete, but often become faster readers. It is simply more efficient for low vision students to use a computer and word-processor over reading paper books and handwriting. This is particularly relevant at a high-school level, when reading and writing assignments become lengthier and more challenging.

Modifications lower the learning expectations and should only be used if this is the only way for the student to be successful. Parents must understand if modifications to grade level standards are being made, their child may be at risk for not meeting graduation requirements.

Reducing assignments so a student only completes the easiest problems;Altering assignments to make them easier;Requiring a student to learn fewer materials that are required by the State's academic content standards; Providing help to a student via hints or clues to the correct answers on assignments and tests.