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Alyssa Cohen

Human Family Tree | The Smithsonian Institution's Human Origins Program - 0 views

humanorigins.si.edu/...human-family-tree

australopithecus family tree human anthropology origins

shared by Alyssa Cohen on 13 Dec 11 - Cached
  • Alyssa Cohen on 13 Dec 11
     
    Interactive 'human family tree' website that simply illustrates the earliest ancestors to today's homo sapiens. 
Alyssa Cohen

The Human Family Tree : Discovery News - 1 views

news.discovery.com/...-human-evolution-timeline.html

human family tree

shared by Alyssa Cohen on 08 Dec 11 - No Cached
  • Alyssa Cohen on 08 Dec 11
     
    This is a credible site that's very interesting. It's almost like an interactive timeline, so you can start from 5-10 million years ago, all the way till now. It helps me start the family tree from the beginning. 
mariakanarakis

When Do People ¬Not Protest Unfairness? The Case of Skin Color Discrimination... - 1 views

scholar.harvard.edu/jlhochschild/publications/when-do-people-¬not-protest-unfairness-case-skin-color-discrimination

skin_color discrimination race illusion anthropology inequality

shared by mariakanarakis on 13 Dec 11 - No Cached
  • This is the phenomenon of “colorism” – “the tendency to perceive or behave toward members of a racial category based on the lightness or darkness of their skin tone”
    • mariakanarakis
      mariakanarakis on 13 Dec 11
       
      Colorism: (Definition) It is discrimination towards the more dark pigmented people, which excludes them from social and daily activities. Colorism is found all around the world since people have spread and this is prejudice against the darker skinned humans. 
    • mariakanarakis
      mariakanarakis on 15 Dec 11
       
      This website separates skin discrimination into different sectors so we can see that there's isn't only one place that the discrimination is affecting us. All of the examples which are highlighted in blue are a tool that helps us really understand what this professor is talking about. 
  • lighter-skinned black soldiers in the Union Army of the Civil War were, compared with darker-skinned soldiers, more likely to be skilled workers rather than field hands before entering the service
  • however, is that how people behave and are treated is affected not only by the nominal category of race, but also by the ordinal category of multiple shades of skin tone
  • ...40 more annotations...
  • This is the
  • Colorism can occur within one’s own community, or across racial and ethnic groups
  • any other “racial” group.
  •  Skin Color Hierarchy in History
  • Our more systematic historical research shows that the importance of skin color on life chances dates back at least to the nineteenth century.
  • it may emerge as an indirect effect of the person’s ability to take advantage of the higher social status that has accrued over many generations to light-skinned African-Americans
  • Skin Color, Education, and Income
  • skin tone within a given race or ethnicity is associated with socioeconomic outcomes.
  • over a quarter of African Americans had earned college degrees.  But light-skinned blacks were more likely to have a college degree than were medium- or dark-skinned blacks; conversely, dark- and medium-skinned members were less likely to have completed high school.
  • In a year when blacks’ averaged about ten years of schooling, there is a gap of almost two years between the schooling of the darkest and lightest African Americans.  Dark-skinned blacks earned less than seven tenths as much as light-skinned blacks – during a year in which black families’ mean income was just over six tenths of that of white families.
  • Being dark-skinned has psychological as well as economic, educational, and temporal costs.
  • “colorism” may be a direct response to the behavior of or, more likely, the appearance of a person standing before the potential employer, judge, or teacher.
  • people who suffer from discrimination may not protest it because they are unaware of their unfair treatment, because they perceive no alternatives, or because they see no means of effective protest. 
  • Light-skinned blacks tend to come from families with relatively high status on these dimensions, so skin tone affects educational attainment indirectly.
  • light- and medium-skinned blacks received shorter sentences for all crimes than the darkest category of blacks.  In every case except property crimes [i.e. for drug, personal, and miscellaneous crimes], the darkest group of blacks received higher sentences, on average, than whites
  • sentences are 2 percent shorter for light-skinned blacks compared with whites, 4 percent longer for medium-skinned blacks, and 2 percent longer for dark-skinned blacks. Those differences seem small, but 4 percent of a 2,560 day sentence (the average length for whites) is over three months of prison time.
  • Skin Color and Political Attitudes or Behaviors:
  • light-skinned African Americans are relatively advantaged in the social and economic arenas,
  • they have a similar advantage as voters and political actors, and that dark-skinned blacks perceive more discrimination.
  • Light-skinned blacks may be slightly more likely to perceive discrimination against other members of their race, and they are a little more likely to participate politically.
  • So why isn’t colorism an issue around which blacks organize politically?
  • What’s the Matter with Kansas?
  • Unenlightened Self-Interest:
  • Public opinion in this instance was ill informed, insensitive to some of the most important implications of the tax cuts, and largely disconnected from
  • a variety of relevant values and material interests
  • light-skinned blacks as roughly analogous to middle-class Americans – certainly not at the top of the distribution, but enjoying enough benefits from the unfair structure that they would be hesitant to disrupt it too much.
  • he implication is that dark-skinned blacks ought to perceive that they are doubly maltreated, that skin color hierarchy is just as unfair as the racial hierarchy within which it nests, and that protest is warranted. 
  • We vote our values; why should we be surprised if they vote theirs?
  • the task is to understand their values on their own terms.
  • Applying this logic to the case of skin color discrimination yields several hypotheses.  Perhaps dark-skinned blacks are aware of their doubly unfair treatment, but choose to ignore it because they too care more about some other political value, such as racial solidarity or individual autonomy.
  • Similarly, light-skinned African Americans may recognize,
  • that “for generations of black people, color and class have been inexorably tied together,” but they too care more about racial solidarity than about either taking advantage of or fighting this internal division. 
  • in short, one form of unfairness may be worth accepting or ignoring publicly for the sake of fighting another, or simply pursuing some unrelated goal.
  • The deeply religious, in short, vote their values, not their interests.
  • Andrea Campbell shows that the elderly mobilize to act jointly on behalf of social security, to the benefit of most but at the expense of the poorest (
  • At the turn of the twentieth century, both black and white media frequently used “mulatto” (and sometimes “quadroon” and “octoroon”) – sometimes favorably, sometimes unfavorably, but to a surprising degree simply as a common and unremarkable descriptor.
  • those descriptors were never used or were terms of opprobrium or shock.
  • one can explain the lack of collective attention to the unfairness of skin tone discrimination by pointing to the dissemination of and allegiance to other, apparently stronger values.
  • Racial nationalists have traditionally been hostile to black feminists or black Marxists who seek to draw attention to unfair practices within the black community
  • they are similarly hostile to any discussion of skin color differentiation because it appears to be a strategy of “divide and conquer.
Daryl Bambic

Cultural Anthropology/Introduction - Wikibooks, open books for an open world - 0 views

en.wikibooks.org/...Introduction

introduction

shared by Daryl Bambic on 02 Sep 13 - No Cached
  • nthropology is holistic[[1]], comparative, field based, and evolutionary.
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 02 Sep 13
       
      As a social science, anthropology is the ultimate interdisciplinary 'science'.  It is holistic and comparative.  
  • five sub-disciplines
  • ...49 more annotations...
  • Archeology: The study and interpretation of ancient humans, their history and culture, through examination of the artifacts and remains they left behind
  • Cultural Anthropology:(also: sociocultural anthropology, social anthropology, or ethnology) studies the different cultures of humans and how those cultures are shaped or shape the world around them
  • Biological Anthropology
  • using genetics, evolution, human ancestry, primates, and the ability to adapt.
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 02 Sep 13
       
      Biological anthropology is the discipline that uses Darwin's theory of evolution to study man, primates and all of life.
  • Linguistic Anthropology: examines human languages
  • pplied anthropology is simply the practice of applying anthropological theory and or methods from any of the fields of Anthropology to solve human problems
  • Culture is:
  • Learned
  • Patterned
  • •Shared
  • •Adaptive
  • Symbolic
  • At its most basic level, the difference between Culture and culture is in the way they are defined. C
  • lture with a capital C refers to the ability of the human species to absorb and imitate patterned and symbolic ideas that ultimately further their survival
  • Familial culture
  • Every family is different, and every family has its own culture
  • icro or Subculture
  • distinct groups within a larger group that share some sort of common trait, activity or language that ties them together and or differentiates them from the larger group
  • clique
  • Mexican-Americans
  • micro-culture would be the Japanese hip hop
  • Cultural universals
  • Claude Levi-Strauss
  • gender roles, the incest taboo, religious and healing ritual, mythology, marriage, language, art, dance, music, cooking, games, jokes, sports, birth and death
  • tual ceremonies
  • f cultural relativism deny the existence or reduce the importance of cultural universals
  • Language and cognition
  • Society
  • Myth, Ritual, and aesthetics
  • Technology
  • This problem of right and wrong in terms of crossing cultural lines is a big one.
  • intrinsic cultural distinctions that are meaningful to the members of a given society, often considered to be an 'insider’s' perspective.
  • reate bias o
  • Enculturation
  • This process is the way in which we obtain and transmit culture.
  • In the !Kung Bushman tribe they look down upon people who think highly of themselves and who are arrogant. To avoid these characteristics, each child was raised to put down and mock others when they do things such as hunting and other activities.
  • Cultural Transmission
  • Symbols and Culture
  • Symbols are the basis of culture. A symbol is an object, word, or action that stands for something else with no natural relationship that is culturally defined
  • Ethnocentrism
  • Cultural Relativism
  • Ethnography
  • Deconstructing Race and Racism
  • Race was created long ago as a tool to separate humans
  • Deconstructing the social concept of race has been a major interest of Cultural Anthropology at least since Franz Boas's work on race and immigration in the early 1900's.
  • Race is not biological but it's supposed to be a way to classify biological differences by grouping people according to different characteristics that they have
  • There is no biological part of race. It is strictly a concept created by humans to try to better understand differences between us
  • Technology
Daryl Bambic

Chapter 02 - Sociological Imagination - 6 views

freebooks.uvu.edu/...02.html

Imagination Sociological

shared by Daryl Bambic on 14 Dec 11 - No Cached
  • The national cost of a gallon of gas, the War in the Middle East, the repressed economy, the trend of having too few females in the 18-24 year old singles market, and the ever-increasing demand for plastic surgery are just a few of the social facts at play today
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 14 Dec 11
       
      Social facts are experiences as 'outside' of an individual's control. 
  • but we rarely find a way to significantly impact them back.
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 14 Dec 11
       
      They impact us but we don't (or very rarely) have an impact on them.
  • False Social Conscious which  is an ignorance of social facts and the larger social picture.
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 14 Dec 11
       
      Do you think teens live this way...ignorant of social facts?
    • Joe Inhaber
      Joe Inhaber on 15 Dec 11
       
      Absolutely i think that teens live by the following : Ignorance is bliss. And can you blame them? Can you blame any one that thinks this way for that matter. In a sense i wish i could be ignorant to problems present in society because I A) Wouldn't feel so threatened by things i cant control and B) I wouldn't feel morally or ethically at fault for the decisions of my nation.
  • ...21 more annotations...
  • real power of the sociological imagination is found in how you and I learn to distinguish between the personal and social levels in our own lives
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 14 Dec 11
       
      This is the reason that this sociological imagination is important.  How does this resemble Sam Richard's idea of 'radical empathy'?
    • Marie-Lise Pagé
      Marie-Lise Pagé on 15 Dec 11
       
      I think that it relates because the more you understand the social facts, the more you'll have sociological imagination and the more you'll have radical empathy.
    • adam unikowski
      adam unikowski on 15 Dec 11
       
      people can be selfish and only think about themselves. then there are the people that care about about other people and try to imagine what if they had the same problems for example there family
    • Chrissy Le
      Chrissy Le on 15 Dec 11
       
      Social facts and personal troubles relate with each other. Sometimes things such as our environment can affect our "personal troubles" such as, obesity, depression, poverty, etc. 
    • Lauren Ganze
      Lauren Ganze on 15 Dec 11
       
      It resembles radical empathy in the fact that they both require a person to be able to recognize social facts.
    • kelsey sazant
      kelsey sazant on 15 Dec 11
       
      These two things are intertwined because many of out personal trouble is caused by these social facts that we are powerless against.
    • Joe Inhaber
      Joe Inhaber on 15 Dec 11
       
      I think that this relates because in a sense, we all need to know whats really going on even if it isn't necessarily things that are reported on our daily news channels. I think the relation is that we need to learn to think about things that we wouldn't nesceseraly like to be true, much like how most people find it uneasy to step into the shoes of Iraqi war prisoners.
    • Alyssa Cohen
      Alyssa Cohen on 15 Dec 11
       
      Personal troubles and social facts are very closely related. If you have a sociological imagination, you can see the social facts in different situations or different parts of the world, which makes you more understanding. That is where the radical empathy ties in.
    • Jake Izenberg
      Jake Izenberg on 15 Dec 11
       
      They share the same thought of looking at the situation from another perspective. "Putting yourself in their shoes". Radical empathy plays an important role, it allows us to see how they feel. 
    • mariakanarakis
      mariakanarakis on 15 Dec 11
       
      Social facts and personal problems are related in some kind of way. Radical empathy is the relationship and getting to understand the difference between you and other people. 
    • Karleen Muhlegg
      Karleen Muhlegg on 15 Dec 11
       
      By understanding empathy and the sociological imagination, we become a step closer in having a much broader, educated and compassionate picture of the world we live in, all six billion of us. 
    • Alex Maguid
      Alex Maguid on 15 Dec 11
       
      It resembles the idea because you must be open to put yourself in the other peoples shoes and to understand the bigger picture and that includes understanding the different players in the games
    • sydney goldman
      sydney goldman on 15 Dec 11
       
      Theres a fine difference between social facts and sociological imagination and both are believed to change us into the people we are today. However, in order to understand not only the way in which you are personally effected but how the other societies are effected by there own sociological imagination/social facts. rational empathy come into play when we begin to understand the social facts of the people that your own personal fats have taught you to be bling too.
    • michelle tappert
      michelle tappert on 15 Dec 11
       
      They ressemble each other because in both, they require a person to be aware and take into account the social facts. 
    • Talya Freidman
      Talya Freidman on 15 Dec 11
       
      Social imagination and radical empathy relate because you need to understand social facts to have radical empathy. 
  • C. Wright Mills (1916-1962
  • neither the life of an individual nor the history of a society can be understood without understanding both"
  • Troubles”
  • Issues"
  • 50 percent of all college students in the country never graduate, we call that a larger social issue.
  • Does sociology provide personal and larger social insight
  • Be aware of the three-strike issue
  • Know which factors you can control
  • larger social factors that have historically contributed to these patterns
  • brief spike in divorce after World War II
  • It was the highest rate of marriages, highest rate of births (The Baby Boom began in 1946
  • ivorce rates surged in 1946 as all the soldiers returned home having been changed by the trauma, isolation from their families,  and challenges of the war
  • Divorces tended to follow wars
  • Divorces continue to be high during economic prosperity
  • ecline during economic hardships.
  • abundance of single women
  • urban
  • Scientists have never identified a “cause” for divorce.  But, they have clearly identified risk factors.
  • enslaved to those force
  • They still impact you, and you can follow Mill’s ideas and manage as best you can within your power concerning consequences of these forces
  • Marie-Lise Pagé on 15 Dec 11
     
    A review of the sociological imagination and its relationship to radical empathy.
  • ...11 more comments...
  • adam unikowski on 15 Dec 11
     
    A review of the sociological imagination and its relationship to radical empathy.
  • Chrissy Le on 15 Dec 11
     
    A review of the sociological imagination and its relationship to radical empathy.
  • Lauren Ganze on 15 Dec 11
     
    A review of the sociological imagination and its relationship to radical empathy.
  • kelsey sazant on 15 Dec 11
     
    A review of the sociological imagination and its relationship to radical empathy.
  • Joe Inhaber on 15 Dec 11
     
    A review of the sociological imagination and its relationship to radical empathy.
  • Alyssa Cohen on 15 Dec 11
     
    A review of the sociological imagination and its relationship to radical empathy.
  • Jake Izenberg on 15 Dec 11
     
    A review of the sociological imagination and its relationship to radical empathy.
  • mariakanarakis on 15 Dec 11
     
    A review of the sociological imagination and its relationship to radical empathy.
  • Karleen Muhlegg on 15 Dec 11
     
    A review of the sociological imagination and its relationship to radical empathy.
  • Alex Maguid on 15 Dec 11
     
    A review of the sociological imagination and its relationship to radical empathy.
  • sydney goldman on 15 Dec 11
     
    A review of the sociological imagination and its relationship to radical empathy.
  • michelle tappert on 15 Dec 11
     
    A review of the sociological imagination and its relationship to radical empathy.
  • Talya Freidman on 15 Dec 11
     
    A review of the sociological imagination and its relationship to radical empathy.
Talya Freidman

PBS - Scientific American Frontiers:Chimps R Us:Frontiers Profile:Jane Goodall - 1 views

www.pbs.org/...goodall3.htm

shared by Talya Freidman on 14 Dec 11 - No Cached
  • adopted by a 12-year-old, non-related adolescent male
    • Talya Freidman
      Talya Freidman on 14 Dec 11
       
      Through this example, we see how caring chimps really are. Even in humans, females are stereo-typically the care-givers, but even male chimps can prove this stereotype wrong.
  • welcomed him in
  • . And even risked irritating the big adult males.
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • It's clearly male-dominated.
  • matriarchy within the family is very strong
  • When you watch a young male growing up, all his relationships begin to change. He begins to dominate the females
  • it's completely amazing how even a fully adult male is usually very respectful of his ancient mother.
    • Talya Freidman
      Talya Freidman on 14 Dec 11
       
      Humans, in general, are also respectful to their parents even once they've grown up and become an adult.
  • And she hears this and she comes charging over, rushes up the tree, and hauls herself on this melee of three enormous males. I think the two others were so amazed that they stopped attacking Satan
Catherine Preston

An introduction to the John Scopes (Monkey) Trial - 0 views

law2.umkc.edu/...evolut.htm

scopes Monkey trial evolution morality chimps animal

shared by Catherine Preston on 11 Sep 13 - No Cached
  • Dayton, Tennessee courtroom in the summer of 1925.
  • The Scopes Trial had its origins in a conspiracy at Fred Robinson's drugstore in Dayton
  • American Civil Liberties Union announcement that it was willing to offer its services to anyone challenging the new Tennessee anti-evolution statute.
  • ...19 more annotations...
  • The conspirators summoned John Scopes, a twenty-four-year old general science teacher and part-time football coach, to the drugstore
  • Dayton. Darrow was not the first choice of the ACLU, who was concerned that Darrow's zealous agnosticism might turn the trial into a broadside attack on religion
  • Nearly a thousand people, 300 of whom were standing, jammed the Rhea County Courthouse on July 10, 1925
  • Judge John T. Raulston, the presiding judge in the Scopes Trial
  •   William Jennings Bryan, three-time Democratic candidate for President and a populist, led a Fundamentalist crusade to banish Darwin's theory of evolution from American classrooms
    • Catherine Preston
      Catherine Preston on 16 Oct 13
       
      YELLOW= PEOPLE GREEN= ACTIONS
    • Catherine Preston
      Catherine Preston on 16 Oct 13
       
      PINK= FLAWS IN THE TRIAL
    • Catherine Preston
      Catherine Preston on 16 Oct 13
       
      BLUE= MAIN ARGUMENTS OF THE TRIAL
  • The proceedings opened, over Darrow's objections, to a prayer
  • Judge Raulston and his entire family listened attentively from their front pew seats.
  • Judge Raulston
  • A jury of twelve men, including ten (mostly middle-aged) farmers and eleven regular church-goers, was quickly selected
  • including ten (mostly middle-aged) farmers and eleven regular church-goers, was quickly selected
  • A jury of twelve men
  • moved to quash the indictment on both state and federal constitutional grounds. This move was at the heart of the defense strategy.  The defense's goal was not to win acquittal for John Scopes, but rather to obtain a declaration by a higher court--preferably the U.S. Supreme Court--that laws forbidding the teaching of evolution were unconstitutional
  • Judge Raulston denied the defense motion.
  • As expected
  • titanic struggle between good and evil or truth and ignorance
  • if evolution wins, Christianity goes.
  • The prosecution opened its case by asking the court to take judicial notice of the Book of Genesis,
  • asked seven students in Scope's class a series of questions about his teachings
Catherine Delisle

The teenage cultural landscape - Teens - Canadian Living - 0 views

www.canadianliving.com/...teenage_cultural_landscape.php

shared by Catherine Delisle on 08 Mar 11 - No Cached
    • Catherine Delisle
      Catherine Delisle on 08 Mar 11
       
      This web page is very interesting because it very clearly identifies the modern teenage culture while somewhat comparing it to what the past culture was. It explains that teens act mostly to do whatever their parents tell them not to do. They are driven to take risks to find that independence from their parents. Fashion is also changing very quickly. Loyalty is a crucial part for teenage friendships. Common interests are very important, but loyalty is the key element.
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