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Alexa Mason

The 1930s" Turning Point for US Labor - 0 views

isreview.org/...The_1930s.shtml

#class #labor #unions #race #GreatDepression

shared by Alexa Mason on 07 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • But they spoke too soon. Before the decade was over, the U.S. economy had plunged into the worst depression in U.S. history. The 1929 stock market crash which marked the beginning of the Great Depression ushered in a period of immiseration for virtually the entire working class. By 1932 it was estimated that 75 percent of the population was living in poverty, and fully one-third was unemployed. And in many places, Black unemployment rates were two, three, or even four times those of white workers.
  • the richest people in society felt no sympathy for the starving masses.
  • hey banded together as a group to oppose every measure to grant government assistance to feed the hungry or help the homeless
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  • In 1934, when 400,000 East Coast textile workers went on strike to win union recognition, the bosses responded with a reign of terror, provoking one of the bitterest and bloodiest strikes in U.S. labor history.
  • Most importantly, the working class was no longer segregated along racial lines. The slowdown in immigration after 1914 brought with it a corresponding increase in internal migration. A half-million Southern Blacks moved north during World War I. By 1930, more than 25 percent of Black men were employed in industrial jobs, compared with only 7 percent in 1890. By the mid—1930s, Black workers made up 20 percent of the laborers and 6 percent of the operatives in the steel industry nationally. And one-fifth of the workforce in Chicago’s slaughterhouses was Black. White workers couldn’t hope to win unless they united with Black workers–and that wouldn’t happen unless they organized on the basis of equality.1
  • Teamster President Daniel Tobin even repeated former AFL President Sam Gompers’ earlier insult, calling unskilled workers "garbage."
  • The workers of this country have rights under this law which cannot be taken from them, and nobody will be permitted to whittle them away but, on the other hand, no aggression is necessary now to attain these rights…. The principle that applies to the employer applies to workers as well and I ask you workers to cooperate in the same spirit.23
  • The NAACP proposed to the AFL "the formation of an interracial workers’ commission to promote systematic propaganda against racial discrimination in the unions." In 1929, the NAACP again appealed to the AFL to fight racial discrimination. In both instances, the AFL did not even bother to respond.17 B
  • n the early 1930s, unskilled workers who wanted to unionize had no choice but to apply for membership in the AFL, but became quickly disillusioned by the indifference–and sometimes hostility–toward them by the union leadership. Unskilled and semi-skilled workers who joined the AFL were quickly shuffled off into "federal locals"–as subsidiaries with fewer rights than the brotherhoods of skilled workers
  • Blacks were effectively excluded from receiving minimum wages established in particular industries, because the NRA allowed employers to exempt predominantly Black job categories from coverage. In the South, where Black workers were still concentrated, workers were routinely paid less than Northern workers for the same jobs in the same industries. And in industries in which Black and white workers’ wages were made equal, it was common practice for racist employers to simply fire all their Black workers and replace them with whites, arguing that the NRA wage minimums were "too much money for Negroes." It was with good reason that within a matter of months, the NRA was known among Black workers as the "Negro Removal Act" and the "Negro Robbed Again."
  • The Great Depression was the most significant period of class struggle that has ever taken place in the United States. The sheer intensity of the struggle led ever broader sections of the working class to become radicalized and to begin to generalize politically. For a very short period of time as the working class movement advanced–between 1935 and 1937–the level of radicalization was such that on a fairly large scale workers began to realize that if they were to have a chance at winning, they had to confront all the bosses’ attempts to divide and weaken the working-class movement. Workers had to break down racial barriers and build genuine unity and solidarity; they had to prepare themselves to confront the violence of the bosses, which grew in ferocity during this period; they had to fight against anti-communism; and they had to break with the Democrats and the Republicans and form an independent working-class party.
  • But the Communist Party developed its first national campaign against racism through its years-long effort to free the Scottsboro Boys. The Scottsboro Boys case began in 1931 and dragged on for nearly 20 years, making it one of the most important antiracist struggles in U.S. history. But it was also important because it marked the first time in the U.S. that Black and white workers had ever joined together in large numbers in a campaign against racism. The Scottsboro Boys were nine Black youths, aged 13 to 21, who were arrested in Alabama on a charge of gang-raping two white women on a train. There was no evidence to support a charge of rape, but that didn’t matter–particularly since Alabama is a Southern state, where it was common practice to convict Black men on unsubstantiated charges of raping white women. Within two weeks of the incident, the Scottsboro Boys had been tried, convicted and sentenced to death by an all-white jury–all while a huge lynch mob of white racists stood inside and outside the courtroom. The Scottsboro Boys case was primarily an issue of racism, but it also divided the Black population along class lines. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), a traditionally middle-class, liberal Black organization, refused to touch the case at first. As one author described, "[T]he last thing they wanted was to identify the Association with a gang of mass rapists unless they were reasonably certain the boys were innocent or their constitutional rights had been abridged."52 But the Communist Party had no such reservations. It immediately sent a legal delegation from its International Labor Defense (ILD) committee to offer to defend the Scottsboro Boys in court.
  • Alexa Mason on 07 Oct 13
     
    This webpage describes the conditions in America in the 1930s. It outlines the struggles of the working class as the depression hit. It illustrates the demarcation between classes, especially the working class and the business owners who fought to prevent unionized workers. The reader learns about the violence incited as a result the business owner's fight to limit unions. The webpage also goes on to discuss the plight of black workers in America. The site illustrates an intersection between race and class through examples such as the Scottsboro Boys' case.
Roman Vladimirsky

A fading middle class - 0 views

billmoyers.com/...hrinking-american-middle-class

#class #middleclass #usa

shared by Roman Vladimirsky on 08 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • Roman Vladimirsky on 08 Oct 13
     
    This website gives more insight into the ever fading middle class in America today. The woman in the photo is part of the lower class. She is also from a time where there was only a third class and a first class. The last 50 years or so there developed a middle class where the majority of Americans fell into. This website shows you statistically how as of late the middle class has been slowly fading away yet again.
Roman Vladimirsky

Social Class in America - 0 views

www.nytimes.com/class

#class #greatdepression #lowerclass

shared by Roman Vladimirsky on 08 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • Roman Vladimirsky on 08 Oct 13
     
    This site shows how social class still plays a big role in American society. Although today there is barely such thing as the middle class, you are either lower class or upper class. The image shows a woman who is clearly in the lower class and you can tell by her appearance. The image is most likely from the Great Depression and you can see by this site that almost nothing has changed in almost a century.
Alexa Mason

Scottboro Boys - 0 views

law2.umkc.edu/...SB_acct.html

#class #race #communism #internationallabordefense

shared by Alexa Mason on 07 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • Hoboing was a common pastime in the Depression year of 1931.  For some, riding freights was an appealing adventure compared to the drudgery and dreariness of their daily lives.  Others hopped rail cars to move from  one fruitless job search to the next. 
  • hoping to investigate a rumor of government jobs in Memphis hauling logs on the river a
  • Representing the Boys in their uphill legal battle were Stephen Roddy and Milo Moody. They were no "Dream Team."  Roddy was an unpaid and unprepared Chattanooga real estate attorney who, on the first day of trial, was "so stewed he could hardly walk straight."  Moody was a forgetful seventy-year old local attorney who hadn't tried a case in decades.
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  • he cases were appealed to the United States Supreme Court which overturned the convictions in the landmark case of Powell vs Alabama.  The Court, 7 - 2, ruled that the right of the defendants under the Fourteenth Amendment's due process clause to  competent legal counsel had been denied by Alabama.  There would have to be new trials.
  • .  The Scottsboro Boys, for better or worse, cast their lots with the Communists who, in the South, were "treated with only slightly more courtesy than a gang of rapists."
  • The NAACP, which might have been expected to rush to the defense of the Scottsboro Boys, did not.  Rape was a politically explosive charge in the South, and the NAACP was concerned about damage to its effectiveness that might result if it turned out some or all of the Boys were guilty.  Instead, it was the Communist Party that moved aggressively to make the Scottsboro case their own.  The Party saw the case as providing a great recruiting tool among southern blacks and northern liberals. 
  • As their trial date approached, they were moved to the Decatur jail, a rat-infested facility that two years earlier had been condemned as "unfit for white prisoners."
  • She was a person of low repute, a prostitute.  She was neither crying, bleeding, or seriously bruised after the alleged gang rape.  She was fearful of being arrested for a Mann Act violation (crossing state lines for immoral purposes) when she met the posse in Paint Rock, so she and Bates made groundless accusations of rape to deflect attention from their own sins
  • Everyone who had followed the case knew that Bates and Price both were wearing overalls.
  • investigation could turn up no evidence of a Callie Brochie or the boardinghouse that Price said she owned,
  • Wright asked the Patterson jurors "whether justice in this case is going to be bought and sold with Jew money from New York?
  • Safely back in New York after the trial Leibowitz said of the jury that had just found his client guilty: "If you ever saw those creatures, those bigots whose mouths are slits in their faces, whose eyes popped out at you like frogs, whose chins dripped tobacco juice, bewhiskered and filthy, you would not ask how they could do it.
  • In his instructions to the jury, Callahan told them that they should presume that no white woman in Alabama would consent to sex with a blac
  • Why did Gilley suddenly appear as a prosecution witness when they most needed him?  Knight admitted that he sent weekly checks to Gilley's mother and occasional spending money to Gilley. 
  • No surprise to anyone, Patterson was again convicted of rape.  What was surprising, however, was that the jury sentenced him to seventy-five years in prison rather than giving him the death sentence the prosecution requested.  One determined Methodist on the jury succeeded in persuading the other eleven to go along with his "compromise."  The verdict represented the first time in the history of Alabama that a black man convicted of raping a white woman had not been sentenced to death.
  • Free of Alabama, but not of the label "Scottsboro Boy" or from the wounds inflicted by six years in prison, they went on with their separate lives: to marriage, to alcoholism, to jobs, to fatherhood, to hope, to disillusionment, to disease, or to suicide.
  • Alexa Mason on 07 Oct 13
     
    This webpage is dedicated to discussing the case and subsequent trials of the "Scottsboro Boys". The story of the Scottsboro boys illustrates an intersection between race and class in the southern United States in the 1930s. A group of black boys aboard a hobo train seeking work along with a smaller group of white boys and girls. A group of the black boys were accused by two white girls of having been raped. The girls attempted to present themselves as being of a higher class, so as to suggest that they would never be caught dead on one of those trains with those types of people. Truthfully, however, the girls were in fact on the train with them and seeking work as well. The NAACP, a mostly middle-class organization, initially didn't want to have anything to do with the case. They were more concerned with respectability. It was the Communist party's International Labor Defense who ultimately provided competent legal counsel for the boys.
Alexa Mason

The unemployed workers' movement of the 1930s - 0 views

www.workers.org/...employed_workers_movement_0119

#class #communism #unemployed #workers #movement

shared by Alexa Mason on 07 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • The 1930s produced the largest movement of the unemployed and poor that the country had ever known. The jobless rebelled against the inequalities produced by capitalism, an institution of rising profits for the wealthy ruling class. Protest movements emerged that pitted the rulers against those who were ruled — those whom the system had failed.
  • The CP declared those out of work to be “the tactical key to present the state of the class struggle
  • ommunists declared March 6, 1930, to be International Unemployment Day, and led marches and rallies of the unemployed in most of the major cities in the U.S. Several thousand marched to factories and auto plants to demand jobs and unemployment insurance. Thousands of unemployed veterans descended on Washington, D.C. Millions of unemployed Blacks and whites marched together, sometimes leading to bloodshed instigated by the cops. Federal troops made war on unarmed people, while the mainstream press branded the demonstrations as “riots.”
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  • During the 1930s, the Communist Party played a leading role in fighting for the demands of African Americans — who were devastated by the Great Depression — and helped mobilize them for their struggle. Thousands of them joined the CP. The CP also undertook food collections in the Black community of Harlem, N.Y., where unemployment had risen to as high as 80 percent.
  • Communist Party-led trade union organizations fought against the white chauvinistic policy of the American Federation of Labor, which excluded Black workers, and demanded a united labor movement based on equal rights for all workers. In the Black Belt South, they also led the sharecroppers union, which fought courageously against the tyranny of the planters. Members of the Black working class subsequently became leaders of the Black liberation movement
  • A Wealth Tax Act, Wagner Act and Social Security Act were implemented. Under the 1935 Social Security Act, the federal government paid a share of state and local public assistance costs. A Civilian Conservation Corps, designed to stimulate the economy, provided jobs as well.
  • Alexa Mason on 07 Oct 13
     
    This article outlines the work of the Communist party in 1930s America. The Communist party was integral in mobilizing the unemployed working class in an effort to get fair and secure pay as well as jobs when unemployment drastically rose during the great depression. The Communist Party lead marches and protests, though they sometimes ended in bloodshed as the media depicted these demonstrations as riots. The party also provided an alternative to the exclusionary American Federation of Labor. It also provided framework for the mobilization of the black worker during this time.
Alexa Mason

The Three Waves of Feminism - Fall 2008 - PACIFIC Magazine - Pacific University - 1 views

www.pacificu.edu/...feminism.cfm

#gender #feminsm #feminismwaves #rights

shared by Alexa Mason on 05 Nov 13 - No Cached
  • The first wave of feminism took place in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, emerging out of an environment of urban industrialism and liberal, socialist politics. The goal of this wave was to open up opportunities for women, with a focus on suffrage.
  • The second wave began in the 1960s and continued into the 90's. This wave unfolded in the context of the anti-war and civil rights movements and the growing self-consciousness of a variety of minority groups around the world.
  • sexuality and reproductive rights were dominant issues, and much of the movement's energy was focused on passing the Equal Rights Amendment to the Constitution guaranteeing social equality regardless of sex.
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  • Whereas the first wave of feminism was generally propelled by middle class white women, the second phase drew in women of color and developing nations, seeking sisterhood and solidarity and claiming "Women's struggle is class struggle." Feminists spoke of women as a social class and coined phrases such as "the personal is political" and "identity politics" in an effort to demonstrate that race, class, and gender oppression are all related. They initiated a concentrated effort to rid society top-to-bottom of sexism, from children's cartoons to the highest levels of government.
  • n this phase many constructs have been destabilized, including the notions of "universal womanhood," body, gender, sexuality and hetreronormativity. An aspect of third phase feminism that mystifies the mothers of the earlier feminist movement is the readoption by young feminists of the very lip-stick, high-heals, and cleavage proudly exposed by low cut necklines that the first two phases of the movement identified with male oppression. Pinkfloor expressed this new position when she said; "It's possible to have a push-up bra and a brain at the same time.
  • third wave have stepped onto the stage as strong and empowered, eschewing victimization and defining feminine beauty for themselves as subjects, not as objects of a sexist patriarchy
  • Alexa Mason on 05 Nov 13
     
    This webpage explores the three waves of feminism. The first is the one that we usually think of when we think about early feminism, Rosie the Riveter, yes we can and suffrage. The second wave coincided with many other civil rights activist groups, we saw the introduction of women of color and lower class women. We saw a focus on family, sexuality and reproductive rights. The third, and current, wave is about defining roles and identities for themselves and not based on patriarchy or misogyny. It's okay to embrace sexuality, sexualized appearances, etc, as long as it's a choice and not forced.
eugene yates

Alabama Tenant Farmer Wife - 1 views

www.metmuseum.org/...hd_evan.htm

#class #walkerevans #alabamafarmerwife

shared by eugene yates on 04 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • The progenitor of the documentary tradition in American photography, Evans had the extraordinary ability to see the present as if it were already the past, and to translate that knowledge and historically inflected vision into an enduring art. His principal subject was the vernacular—the indigenous expressions of a people found in roadside stands, cheap cafés (1971.646.35), advertisements (1987.1100.59), simple bedrooms, and small-town main streets. For fifty years, from the late 1920s to the early 1970s, Evans recorded the American scene with the nuance of a poet and the precision of a surgeon, creating an encyclopedic visual catalogue of modern America in the making.
  • Let Us Now Praise Famous Men (1941), a lyric journey to the limits of direct observation. Its 500 pages of words and pictures is a volatile mix of documentary description and intensely subjective, even autobiographical writing, which endures as one of the seminal achievements of twentieth-century American letters. Evans' photographs for Let Us Now Praise Famous Men are stunningly honest representations of the faces (2001.415), bedrooms, and clothing of individual farmers living on a dry hillside seventeen miles north of Greensboro, Alabama. As a series, they seem to have elucidated the whole tragedy of the Great Depression; individually, they are intimate, transcendent, and enigmatic. For many, they are the apogee of Evans' career in photography.
  • David McLellan on 04 Oct 13
     
    This is a background into the style and history of the photographer of Allie Mae Burroughs, Walker Evans.  He was especially known for taking simplistic photographs and portraits of people in their natural surrounding and settings and by doing so Evans provided a documentary of what life was like in depression era America.  
  • eugene yates on 07 Oct 13
     
    This site contains a summary of who Walker Evans was and what his photography symbolizes. Within this site many images taken by Evans can be found along with essays and notes on the materials and techniques used.
Kathryn Walker

web page template - 0 views

academic.mu.edu/...depression.htm

#class #1930s #greatdepression

shared by Kathryn Walker on 03 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • Kathryn Walker on 03 Oct 13
     
    This is an interesting (without being very lengthy) site which describes life during the Great Depression."Practically everyone had to deal with major losses and drastic changes. Children had to cope with the loss of a stable life and an education. Farmers had to learn to live with the loss of their farms that had supported their families. The middle class had to deal with the loss of money and the potential disappearance of their social class."
Kathryn Walker

Class in the 1930's - 0 views

xroads.virginia.edu/...class.html

#class #1930s #greatdepression

shared by Kathryn Walker on 03 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • Kathryn Walker on 03 Oct 13
     
    The website provides a glimpse into the class divides in the 1930's. The weathly that lost little in the stock market crash, flaunted their wealth in front of lesser fortunate wealthy and the poor, which the poor resented. The wealthy resented the New Deal programs which were funded by those still working - including themselves.
Roman Vladimirsky

Women in the lower class - 0 views

www.victorianweb.org/...lower.html

#class #lowerclass #women

shared by Roman Vladimirsky on 08 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • Roman Vladimirsky on 08 Oct 13
     
    This site explains the difference between women in different social classes. While upper class women were often shopping and being courted by various wealthy men, the lower class women were typically prostitutes just to survive or had a large family to take care of.
Jasmine Wade

Can You Name The U.S. Socio-Economic Levels? | Washington Times Communities - 0 views

communities.washingtontimes.com/...-name-us-socio-economic-levels

#class #america #income #levels

shared by Jasmine Wade on 10 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • Jasmine Wade on 10 Oct 13
     
    The photo for this week's assignment in combination with our current unit being Class in America, led me to search socio-economic levels to get an idea of the country's financial demographics to clarify my view of the four previous sites I searched. Health care is interdependent with income and income is interdependent with education. I think to some degree one's family influences education, income and healthcare. A household, or family, is placed in a socio-economic section of lower, middle, or upper class. This site explains the realization that there are more accurately 12 socio-economic levels in our society. If any of you read this page, I think you would agree that these classifications of financial lifestyles is mostly, if not completely, true.
Jacqueline Alley

The Class-Domination Theory of Power - 0 views

www2.ucsc.edu/...class_domination.html

#class #america #Power Elite #GreatDepression

shared by Jacqueline Alley on 07 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • Jacqueline Alley on 07 Oct 13
     
    This article discusses the idea that those with money have power. The article explains how upper class went to private schools, held large banquets/tea parties, and think they are better than everyone and therefore know how to govern better. The upper class controlled large corporations through stocks. The articles defines the Power Elite, people who tend to dominate American policymaking. This group includes bureaucratic, corporate, intellectual, military, and government elites who control the principal institutions in the US. Their opinions and actions influence the decisions of the policymakers.
Heidi Beckles

1933 List of New Deal Legislation - 0 views

rooseveltinstitute.org/...new-deal

#class #thenewdeal # politics #1933 #alabama

shared by Heidi Beckles on 10 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • Heidi Beckles on 10 Oct 13
     
    When I first looked at this photo, the first thing that came to mind was the image of a hillbilly. As I searched the web for information about the photo I remembered visiting the tenement museum in the Lower Eastside, one of the things I remembered was Hard Times and the New Deal of the early mid 1930's. The New Deal came up when I typed in hillbilly in Hale County Alabama, which lead me to this site about Roosevelt and the New Deal. Since the onset of the Great Depression-initiated by the crash of the stock market in the fall of 1929-over $75 billion in equity capital had been lost on Wall Street, the gross national product had plunged from a high of $104 billion to a mere $74 billion, and U.S. exports had fallen by 62 percent. Over thirteen million people, nearly 25 percent of the workforce, were now unemployed. In some cities, the jobless rate was even higher. Caught in a web of despair, thousands of shabbily dressed men and women walked the streets in search of work, or a bit of food, doled out from one of the hundreds of soup kitchens set up by private charities to keep the wage-less from starvation. FDR's response to this unprecedented crisis was to initiate the "New Deal" - a series of economic measures designed to alleviate the worst effects of the depression, reinvigorate the economy, and restore the confidence of the American people in their banks and other key institutions. While the New Deal did much to lessen the worst affects of the Great Depression, its measures were not sweeping enough to restore the nation to full employment. Critics of FDR's policies, on both the right and the left, use this fact as a reason to condemn it. Conservatives argue, for example, that it went too far, and brought too much government intervention in the economy, while those on the left argue that it did not go far enough, and that in order to be truly effective, the Roosevelt Administration should have engaged in a far more comprehensive program of dire
Jacqueline Alley

Conflict in America During the Great Depression - 0 views

maycoth.hubpages.com/...a-During-the-Great-Deppression

#class #GreatDepression #social status #America #conflict

shared by Jacqueline Alley on 07 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • Jacqueline Alley on 07 Oct 13
     
    This site explains the relationship of the wealthy and poor during the 1930s. When the Great Depression began, the lower class people who lost their jobs sold what they could to get buy, even their houses. The wealthy were able to buy homes, land, and even stock for very low prices, which only made them richer. Lower class fought for tax changes to balance the nation's wealth.
Jacqueline Alley

Dorothea Lange - 0 views

www.theartstory.org/artist-lange-dorothea.htm

#class #GreatDepression #documentary photography #immgrants

shared by Jacqueline Alley on 07 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • Jacqueline Alley on 07 Oct 13
     
    Dorothea Lange was another photographer during the Great Depression. Her images were focused on sharecroppers, migrant workers, and displaced farmers. She shows the plight of the lower class. Dorothea Lange's most famous for her portrait of Florence Owens Thompson, Migrant Mother, Nipomo, California. She was a 32yr old mother who sold everything she owned to take care of her children, eating birds and frozen vegetables. Her collection is viewable on the right side gallery. She was able to document the hardships the lower class endured through her photographs.
David McLellan

Let Us Now Praise Famous Men - 0 views

xroads.virginia.edu/...letus.html

#class #austerity #poverty #documentary

shared by David McLellan on 04 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • "Evans believed his photographs were self-explanatory; the presence of words implied that the image was somehow deficient." Keeping the images separate from Agee's text brought more recognition to the images themselves, and it was a total break from the trends of photo-journalism, which used images to illustrate text. The images are quintessential of Evans' "documentary style"; Evans' dis-interested approach to these families resulted in portraying them with dignity and strength, although they lived in complete poverty. He sought to show the beauty of order and respectability within such an impoverished condition.
  • David McLellan on 04 Oct 13
     
    The famous Depression Era photographs and portraits of Walker Evans were originally rejected by Fortune but later published in a short book titled 'Let Us Now Praise Famous Men'.  In Evans' photographs, especially his portraits, he attempted to portray a sense of dignity regardless of social or economic class.  His images were so strong that he refused to provide captions for his images, rather he preferred the images to speak for themselves.
Alexa Mason

Franklin D. Roosevelt - American Heritage Center, Inc. - 0 views

www.fdrheritage.org/new_deal.htm

#economics #Roosevelt #NewDeal #class

shared by Alexa Mason on 07 Oct 13 - Cached
  • Federal Securities Act of May 1933/ Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) This act required full disclosure of information on stocks being sold. The SEC regulated the stock market. Congress also gave the Federal Reserve Board the power to regulate the purchase of stock on margin. Critical for long-term success for businesses.
  • Works Progress Administration (WPA) 1935-1943 This agency provided work for 8 million Americans. The WPA constructed or repaired schools, hospitals, airfields, etc. Decreased unemployment.
  • Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 This banned child labor and set a minimum wage. This law was a long awaited triumph for the progressive-era social reformers.
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • Social Security Act This act established a system that provided old-age pensions for workers, survivors benefits for victims of industrial accidents, unemployment insurance, and aid for dependent mothers and children, the blind and physically disabled. Although the original SSA did not cover farm and domestic workers, it did help millions of Americans feel more secure.  
  • Alexa Mason on 07 Oct 13
     
    This webpage presents a table outlining the many and varied programs brought forth by the New Deal. The table describes the program and its outcome. The New Deal changed the lives of many Americans through the implementing of a minimum wage, the creation of jobs, the banning of child labor and especially the Social Security Act.
Jacqueline Alley

USA: Crisis and Class Struggle in the 1930s and Today - 1 views

www.marxist.com/s-struggle-1930s-and-today.htm

#class #greatdepression #america #FDR #New Deal

shared by Jacqueline Alley on 09 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • Jacqueline Alley on 09 Oct 13
     
    This article takes you through the Great Depression and the affects it had on American workers. According to the article, 25% of all workers and 37% of all non-farm workers in the USA were unemployed by 1933. Roosevelt used the New Deal to put people back to work on public projects. But it wasn't until WWII that the US came out of the Great Depression and people could begin to rebuild and find new jobs.
Jennifer Reyes Orellana

Black Herstory: Rosa Parks Did Much More than Sit on a Bus - 0 views

msmagazine.com/...did-way-more-than-sit-on-a-bus

#race #feminism #civilrights #equality

shared by Jennifer Reyes Orellana on 07 Sep 13 - No Cached
  • Jennifer Reyes Orellana on 14 Sep 13
     
    The author of this blog post beseeches the reader to not just view Parks as a demure, passive woman whose one-off contribution to civil rights was not giving up her seat, but as a deeply committed activist whose memory and contributions put her side by side with other civil rights icons such as Martin Luther King Jr. This article was posted on the Ms. Magazine.com blog site, a blog that highlights women's issues written about, by female writers. I believe it appropriate to discuss the feminist angle regarding Rosa Park's historic action. She stood up for her rights not only during a time of segregation, but also a time of clear gender divisions, a time when all women were still considered second class citizens. I did a search on Google for Rosa Parks and feminism, and this blog post came up. When I did a search of Rosa Park's name in the site's search engine, I found more than a dozen articles/posts detailing Park's story and a few mentions of other black female activists such as Shirley Chisholm, the first black female member of Congress, freedom fighter Harriet Tubman, and Flo Kennedy, one of the founding members of the National Organization for Women.
Alexa Mason

Rosa Parks Was Arrested for Civil Disobedience, December 1, 1955 - Jump Back in Time | ... - 0 views

www.americaslibrary.gov/...jb_modern_parks_1.html

#race #rosa parks #arrests #america #civil rights #civil disobedience

shared by Alexa Mason on 05 Sep 13 - Cached
  • Alexa Mason on 05 Sep 13
     
    This website presents a brief of overview of Rosa Parks historical arrest. During the civil rights movement Ms. Parks chose to sit in a seat on the bus that was not designated for black people. She chose to practice civil disobedience and assert what she felt was her right to be seated wherever she pleased. This website provides another image related to the initial class image, it is an image of her being booked for the crime that she committed. There is a lot to the story and this website gives information about what happened after that moment on the bus.
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