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Here are 12 of our favourite images of 2011, in no particular order. These range from the beautiful and historical to pictures that show how science affects the world we live in

Physicists have devised a way to take pictures using light that has not interacted with the object being photographed. This form of imaging uses pairs of photons, twins that are 'entangled' in such a way that the quantum state of one is inextricably linked to the other.

The actual article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v512/n7515/full/nature13586.html ScienceDaily version: "Scientists photograph the Schrödinger's cat for the first time!"

"With a resolution of 297.500 x 87.500 pixel (26 gigapixel) the picture is the largest in the world. (stand December 2009)" Daring statement... I'm not quite sure, but I'd quess microscopic images used in medicine can easily reach terapixels... What a waste of pixels anyway... they weren't able to find a bit more interesing city?

yeah... like Leiden !

anything happening on this since 3 years?

yes it seems like. most of it seems however directed toward understanding this effect, and not toward applications. But i'm still convinced that we could find many very interesting applications !!! a few references from ADS: 1 2011PhRvA..83f3807B 1.000 06/2011 A E X R C U Brida, G.; Chekhova, M. V.; Fornaro, G. A.; Genovese, M.; Lopaeva, E. D.; Berchera, I. Ruo Systematic analysis of signal-to-noise ratio in bipartite ghost imaging with classical and quantum light 2 2011PhRvA..83e3808L 1.000 05/2011 A E R U Liu, Ying-Chuan; Kuang, Le-Man Theoretical scheme of thermal-light many-ghost imaging by Nth-order intensity correlation 3 2011PhRvA..83e1803D 1.000 05/2011 A E R C U Dixon, P. Ben; Howland, Gregory A.; Chan, Kam Wai Clifford; O'Sullivan-Hale, Colin; Rodenburg, Brandon; Hardy, Nicholas D.; Shapiro, Jeffrey H.; Simon, D. S.; Sergienko, A. V.; Boyd, R. W.; Howell, John C. Quantum ghost imaging through turbulence 4 2011SPIE.7961E.160O 1.000 03/2011 A E T Ohuchi, H.; Kondo, Y. Complete erasing of ghost images caused by deeply trapped electrons on computed radiography plates 5 2011ApPhL..98k1115M 1.000 03/2011 A E R U Meyers, Ronald E.; Deacon, Keith S.; Shih, Yanhua Turbulence-free ghost imaging 6 2011ApPhL..98k1102G 1.000 03/2011 A E R C U Gan, Shu; Zhang, Su-Heng; Zhao, Ting; Xiong, Jun; Zhang, Xiangdong; Wang, Kaige Cloaking of a phase object in ghost imaging 7 2011RScI...82b3110Y 1.000 02/2011 A E R U Yang, Hao; Zhao, Baosheng; Qiu

some really nice pictures from Mercury's flyby mission

I love the comments: "damn i almost thought this was about Mercury messenger... an OSX messenger app..." "I'm just glad we have an atmosphere" "The US is in the biggest economic crisis since the Great Depression... and we're spending all this money... for this? What a waste. Get rid of NASA - it will save us trillions! " sic :-(

excellent site with selected news in pictures

some really good new robots' pictures

nothing new but nice pictures

An alternative idea to the standard WIMP halo picture for the DM distribution in the galaxy

...Covering about a third of the sky, the new image contains 10 times as many objects as the Palomar Survey, or about half a billion. The higher resolution scan is a goldmine for astronomers and is expected to lead to discoveries "for decades to come"...

By just getting a DNA footprint of a person scientists (and soon police) can produce an image of the person's face. Check out the pictures!

should try it the other way around, deduce the DNA from facial features. That would be even cooler.

Well actually, they did something like that as they searched for common DNA patterns in people that had similar facial features. With a large enough dataset that could provide already 24 DNA tracers that could used reliably for prediction. Imagine if you had even more data available, who needs a model then... just let the NN do it :)

Demand for drones is exploding! Dupin wants to aggregate aerial imagery from around the globle at Dronestagr.am. In the near future we could experience something close to google maps, made with aerial pictures.

Remember that drones have top-view camera and front-view camera which gives more possibilities in terms of what you can do with collected data. With such a huge database and a little bit of 3D geometry we could get e.g. a 3D map of the world... I guess google can derive something like that already from their streetview images however obviously street view covers some relatively small part of the globe and also can not access places that UAV can.

Here there's an example of a 3D picture of Tokyo (in high resolution). It is not made by drones, but I think it is something we can use them for. http://360gigapixels.com/tokyo-tower-panorama-photo/

Nice pictures from the past :)

This is becoming a mess :)

I see your point, and I agree that funding was also promoted through the energy players and their political influence. A coincident parallel interest which is irrelevant to the fact that the question remains vital. How do we affect climate and how does it respond. Huge complex system to analyse which responds in various time scales which could obscure the trend. What if we made a conceptual parallelism with the L Ácquila case : Is the scientific method guilty or the interpretation of uncertainty in terms of societal mobilization? Should we leave the humanitarian aspect outside any scientific activity?

I do not think there is anyone arguing that the question is not interesting and complex. The debate, instead, addresses the predictive value of the models produced so far. Are they good enough to be used outside of the scientific process aimed at improving them? Or should one wait for "the scientific method" to bring forth substantial improvements to the current understanding and only then start using its results? One can take both stand points, but some recent developments will bring many towards the second approach.

To follow up our discussio at breakfast

For all your statistics needs. The "Plastic Debris in the World's Oceans Report - UNEP" www.unep.org/regionalseas/marinelitter/.../docs/plastic_ocean_report.pdf‎ "Densities of plastic debris (Moore et al. 2001). Using nets to collect debris, the abundance of floating plastic averaged 334,271 pieces/km2" More worrying maybe is (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22610295) "Our oceans eventually serve as a sink for these small plastic particles ("UV degraded surface plastic") and in one estimate, it is thought that 200,000 microplastics per km(2) of the ocean's surface commonly exist."

Here we go: we might not need liquid water after all on mars to get some nice flowering plants there! ... and terraform ? :-) Thirsty plants can extract water from the crystalline structure of gypsum, a rock-forming mineral found in soil on Earth and Mars.

Some plants grow on gypsum outcrops and remain active even during dry summer months, despite having shallow roots that cannot reach the water table. Sara Palacio of the Pyrenean Institute of Ecology in Jaca, Spain, and her colleagues compared the isotopic composition of sap from one such plant, called Helianthemum squamatum (pictured), with gypsum crystallization water and water found free in the soil. The team found that up to 90% of the plant's summer water supply came from gypsum.

The study has implications for the search for life in extreme environments on this planet and others.

Nature Commun 5, 4660 (2014)

Very interesting indeed. Attention is to be put on the form of calcium sulfate that is found on Mars. If it is hydrated (gypsum Ca(SO4)*2(H2O)) it works, but if it is dehydrated there is no water for the roots to take in. The Curiosity Rover tries to find out, but has uncertainty in recognising the hydrogen presence in the mineral: Copying : "(...) 3.2 Hydration state of calcium sulfates Calcium sulfates occur as a non-hydrated phase (anhydrite, CaSO4) or as one of two hydrated phases (bassanite, CaSO4.1/2H2O, which can contain a somewhat variable water content, and gypsum, CaSO4.2H2O). ChemCam identifies the presence of hydrogen at 656 nm, as already found in soils and dust [Meslin et al., 2013] and within fluvial conglomerates [Williams et al., 2013]. However, the quantification of H is strongly affected by matrix effects [Schröder et al., 2013], i.e. effects including major or even minor element chemistry, optical and mechanical properties, that can result in variations of emission lines unrelated to actual quantitative variations of the element in question in the sample. Due to these effects, discriminating between bassanite and gypsum is difficult. (...)"

forgot the reference http://www.msl-chemcam.com/doc/documents/577/Nachon%20et%20al%20Calcium%20sulfate%20veins%20characterized%20by%20ChemCam%20Curiosity%20at%20Gale%20Crater%20Mars_2013.pdf

Strange and exotic cityscapes. Desolate wilderness areas. Dogs that look like wookies. Flickr, one of the world's largest photo sharing services, sees it all. And, now, Flickr's image recognition technology can categorize more than 11 billion photos like these. And it does it automatically. It's called "Magic View." Magical deep learning! Buzzword attack!

You're forgetting power usage. GPUs need 1000 hamster wheels worth of power while FPGAs can run on a potato. Since space applications are highly power limited, putting any kind of GPU monster in orbit or on a rover is failed idea from the start. Also in FPGAs if a gate burns out from radiation you can just reprogram around it. Looking for seals offline in high res images is indeed definitely a GPU task.... for now.

The discussion of how to make FPGA hardware acceleration solutions easier to use for the 'layman' is starting btw http://reconfigurablecomputing4themasses.net/.

take your own high resolution pictures of Mars ...

Amazing pictures...