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To create a lentivirus stable cell line, cells are typically transduced with lentiviral particles containing the desired gene of interest. The lentiviral vector integrates into the host cell's genome, leading to stable expression of the gene in the cell line. This allows researchers to study the effects of the gene of interest in a controlled and reproducible manner.

Lentivirus vector is a gene therapy vector developed on the base of HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus type 1). Lentivirus vector is a powerful tool for introduction of exogenous genes, with the advantages of wide infection spectrum, effective infection and long-term stable expression of exogenous genes. Now the lentivirus system has been widely used in various cell lines for gene overexpression, RNA interference, microRNA research, as well as in vivo experiments.

In the biomedical field, the transfer of plasmid vectors into mammalian cells using conventional transfection is the most widely used method. Although a number of more advanced gene introduction vector systems have been developed in recent years (e.g., lentiviral vectors, adenoviral vectors, AAV vectors, and piggyBac, etc.), conventional plasmid gene expression vectors are still used in the majority of laboratories, mainly due to their technical simplicity and efficient transfection rates in various types of cells.