But sometime around the 31,500th generation, something dramatic happened in just one of the populations - the bacteria suddenly acquired the ability to metabolise citrate, a second nutrient in their culture medium that E. coli normally cannot use.
Contents contributed and discussions participated by Casey Finnerty
Sudden outbreak of measles linked to vaccine fears in the 1990s | The Verge - 0 views
E. coli offers insight to evolution - 0 views
The Birth of the New, The Rewiring of the Old | The Loom | Discover Magazine - 0 views
Bacteria make major evolutionary shift in the lab - life - 09 June 2008 - New Scientist - 0 views
The Vaccine War | FRONTLINE | PBS - 1 views
Uptick in Whooping Cough Linked to Subpar Vaccines - ScienceNOW - 0 views
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vaccinemakers have introduced newer, "acellular" vaccines that consist of refined pertussis proteins that provide immunity against disease without severe side effects.
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Children who had received only the acellular vaccine were more than 5.6 times more likely to get sick than those who received the old, whole-cell vaccine, the team will report next month in Pediatrics. Those receiving one or more of each type had an intermediate risk.
Friendly Viruses Protect Us Against Bacteria - ScienceNOW - 0 views
Construction and Evaluation of a Novel Recombinant T Cell Epitope-Based Vaccine against... - 0 views
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No approved human vaccine exists against San Joaquin Valley fever or, for that matter, against any other fungal disease (7).
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Retrospective evidence from patient studies suggests that people who contract an acute pulmonary or disseminated Coccidioides infection and recover develop lifelong cell-mediated immunity against recurrent coccidioidomycosis.
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Based on this observation, together with results of protection studies with experimental animals, it has been proposed that generation of a vaccine against this respiratory mycosis is feasible.
Malaria and HIV Spike as Greece Cuts Healthcare Spending - Michael Scaturro - The Atlantic - 0 views
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"After mosquito spraying programs were cut, we've seen a return of malaria, which the country has kept under control for the past four decades. New HIV infections have jumped more than 200 percent," he noted.
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"Greece is an example of perhaps the worst case of austerity leading to public health disasters," Mr. Stuckler explained in a telephone interview.
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HIV spiked because government needle exchange programs ran out of clean syringes for heroin addicts. By Stuckler's estimate, the average Greek junkie requires 200 clean needles in a given year. "But now they're only getting three a year each," Stuckler said.
Frog Once Used in Pregnancy Tests Spread Deadly Fungus - NYTimes.com - 0 views
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The pathogen the frogs are spreading is a fungus called Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, or Bd.
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Casey Finnerty