James Edward, the Old Pretender | claimant to English and Scottish thrones | Britannica... - 0 views
www.britannica.com/...James-Edward-the-Old-Pretender
Roman-Catholicism Anglicanism Jacobite William-of-Orange
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he made several halfhearted efforts to gain his crown
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When the Protestant ruler William of Orange, stadtholder of Holland, deposed James II in 1688, the infant prince was taken to France, where his father set up a court in exile
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James’s adherence to Roman Catholicism caused the English Parliament to pass a bill of attainder against him in 1701
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that he renounce Roman Catholicism and become an Anglican in order to be designated Queen Anne’s heir to the throne of England