Breastfeeding does not protect against urinary tract infection in the first 3 months of life, but vitamin D supplementation increases the risk by 76%.
Katikaneni R, Ponnapakkam T, Ponnapakkam A, Gensure R.
Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2009 Sep;48(7):750-5. Epub 2009 Mar 4.
PMID: 19264720
DOI: 10.1177/0009922809332588
The relative risk of UTI with breastfeeding versus formula feeding was 1.03 (0.58-1.82), and any breastfeeding versus no breastfeeding was 0.92 (0.58-1.45). Vitamin D supplementation increased the UTI risk, with a relative risk of 1.76 (1.07-2.91, P < .05). However, only formula-fed infants showed an increased risk of UTI after vitamin D supplementation.
Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and the risk of breast cancer.
Chlebowski RT, Johnson KC, Kooperberg C, Pettinger M, Wactawski-Wende J, Rohan T, Rossouw J, Lane D, O'Sullivan MJ, Yasmeen S, Hiatt RA, Shikany JM, Vitolins M, Khandekar J, Hubbell FA; Women's Health Initiative Investigators.
J Natl Cancer Inst. 2008 Nov 19;100(22):1581-91. Epub 2008 Nov 11.
PMID: 19001601
Conclusion: Vitamin D3 at doses equivalent to 2000 IU/d for 1 yr is safe in adolescents and results in desirable vitamin D levels.
Short- and long-term safety of weekly high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation in school children.
Maalouf J, Nabulsi M, Vieth R, Kimball S, El-Rassi R, Mahfoud Z, El-Hajj Fuleihan G.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Jul;93(7):2693-701. Epub 2008 Apr 29.
PMID: 18445674
doi:10.1210/jc.2007-2530
Effect of Vitamin D on falls: a meta-analysis.
Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Dawson-Hughes B, Willett WC, Staehelin HB, Bazemore MG, Zee RY, Wong JB.
JAMA. 2004 Apr 28;291(16):1999-2006. Review.
PMID: 15113819
The effect of vitamin D as supplementary treatment in patients with moderately advanced pulmonary tuberculous lesion.
Nursyam EW, Amin Z, Rumende CM.
Acta Med Indones. 2006 Jan-Mar;38(1):3-5.
PMID: 16479024
High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency despite supplementation in premenopausal women with breast cancer undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy.
Crew KD, Shane E, Cremers S, McMahon DJ, Irani D, Hershman DL.
J Clin Oncol. 2009 May 1;27(13):2151-6. Epub 2009 Apr 6.
PMID: 19349547
DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2008.19.6162
Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in women with breast cancer. The current recommended dietary allowance of vitamin D is too low to increase serum 25-OHD greater than 30 ng/mL. Optimal dosing for bone health and, possibly, improved survival has yet to be determined.
Clinical Responses to a Mega-dose of Vitamin D3 in Infants and Toddlers With Vitamin D Deficiency Rickets.
Soliman AT, El-Dabbagh M, Adel A, Ali MA, Aziz Bedair EM, Elalaily RK.
J Trop Pediatr. 2009 Jun 8. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19506025
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmp040
Conclusion: An IM injection of a mega dose of cholecalciferol is a safe and effective therapy for treatment of VDD rickets in infants and toddlers with normalization of all the biochemical parameters and healing of radiological manifestations. Measurement of serum 25(OH)D level is highly recommended in all short children with a clear need for a general vitamin D supplementation for all infants and young children in Qatar.
High-dose oral vitamin D3 supplementation in the elderly.
Bacon CJ, Gamble GD, Horne AM, Scott MA, Reid IR.
Osteoporos Int. 2009 Aug;20(8):1407-15. Epub 2008 Dec 20.
PMID: 19101755
Sixty-three elderly participants were randomized to three regimens of vitamin D supplementation: a 500,000-IU loading dose; the loading dose plus 50,000 IU/month; or 50,000 IU/month.
CONCLUSIONS: Large loading doses of vitamin D(3) rapidly and safely normalize 25OHD levels in the frail elderly. Monthly dosing is similarly effective and safe, but takes 3-5 months for plateau 25OHD levels to be reached.
Vitamin D supplementation enhances the beneficial effects of weight loss on cardiovascular disease risk markers.
Zittermann A, Frisch S, Berthold HK, Götting C, Kuhn J, Kleesiek K, Stehle P, Koertke H, Koerfer R.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 May;89(5):1321-7. Epub 2009 Mar 25.
PMID: 19321573
Evidence from clinical trials shows, with a wide margin of confidence, that a prolonged intake of 10,000IU/d of vitamin D3 poses no risk of adverse effects for adults, even if this is added to a rather high physiologic background level of vitamin D.
Vitamin D and cancer mini-symposium: the risk of additional vitamin D.
Vieth R.\nAnn Epidemiol. 2009 Jul;19(7):441-5. Epub 2009 Apr 11.
PMID: 19364661
doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2009.01.009
Together, the earlier data and the data of Heaney et al indicate that an oral dose of vitamin D2 or vitamin D3 would lead to a comparable increase in circulating 25(OH)D concentrations in children and adults when the initial 25(OH)D3 concentrations in the groups are similar and when equivalent oral vitamin D doses expressed per kilogram body weight/d are given.
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D response to oral vitamin D intake in children.
Zittermann A.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Sep;78(3):496-7.
PMID: 12936937
Can vitamin D supplementation prevent winter-time blues? A randomised trial among older women.
Dumville JC, Miles JN, Porthouse J, Cockayne S, Saxon L, King C.
J Nutr Health Aging. 2006 Mar-Apr;10(2):151-3.
PMID: 16554952
CONCLUSIONS: Supplementing elderly women with 800 IU of vitamin D daily did not lead to an improvement in mental health scores.
Dietary acid-base balance, bone resorption, and calcium excretion.
Jajoo R, Song L, Rasmussen H, Harris SS, Dawson-Hughes B.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2006 Jun;25(3):224-30.
PMID: 16766781
Conclusions: Diet changes that increase renal NAE are associated with increases in serum PTH, bone resorption, and calcium excretion over a 60-day period.
Vitamin D3 and calcium to prevent hip fractures in the elderly women.
Chapuy MC, Arlot ME, Duboeuf F, Brun J, Crouzet B, Arnaud S, Delmas PD, Meunier PJ.
N Engl J Med. 1992 Dec 3;327(23):1637-42.
PMID: 1331788
CONCLUSIONS. Supplementation with vitamin D3 and calcium reduces the risk of hip fractures and other nonvertebral fractures among elderly women.
Effects of calcium, dairy product, and vitamin D supplementation on bone mass accrual and body composition in 10-12-y-old girls: a 2-y randomized trial.
Cheng S, Lyytikäinen A, Kröger H, Lamberg-Allardt C, Alén M, Koistinen A, Wang QJ, Suuriniemi M, Suominen H, Mahonen A, Nicholson PH, Ivaska KK, Korpela R, Ohlsson C, Väänänen KH, Tylavsky F.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Nov;82(5):1115-26; quiz 1147-8.
PMID: 16280447
Randomized comparison of the effects of the vitamin D3 adequate intake versus 100 mcg (4000 IU) per day on biochemical responses and the wellbeing of patients.
Vieth R, Kimball S, Hu A, Walfish PG.
Nutr J. 2004 Jul 19;3:8.
PMID: 15260882
doi:10.1186/1475-2891-3-8
CONCLUSION: The highest AI for vitamin D brought summertime 25(OH)D to >40 nmol/L, lowered PTH, and its use was associated with improved wellbeing. The 100 mcg/day dose produced greater responses. Since it was ethically necessary to provide a meaningful dose of vitamin D to these insufficient patients, we cannot rule out a placebo wellbeing response, particularly for those on the lower dose. This work confirms the safety and efficacy of both 15 and 100 mcg/day vitamin D3 in patients who needed additional vitamin D.
Vitamin D and its major metabolites: serum levels after graded oral dosing in healthy men.
Barger-Lux MJ, Heaney RP, Dowell S, Chen TC, Holick MF.
Osteoporos Int. 1998;8(3):222-30.
PMID: 9797906
Calcium absorption varies within the reference range for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D.
Heaney RP, Dowell MS, Hale CA, Bendich A.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2003 Apr;22(2):142-6.
PMID: 12672710
Factors that influence the cutaneous synthesis and dietary sources of vitamin D.\nChen TC, Chimeh F, Lu Z, Mathieu J, Person KS, Zhang A, Kohn N, Martinello S, Berkowitz R, Holick MF.\nArch Biochem Biophys. 2007 Apr 15;460(2):213-7. Epub 2007 Jan 8.\nPMID: 17254541\ndoi:10.1016/j.abb.2006.12.017\n
Vitamin D and skin physiology: a D-lightful story.\nHolick MF, Chen TC, Lu Z, Sauter E.\nJ Bone Miner Res. 2007 Dec;22 Suppl 2:V28-33.\nPMID: 18290718 \ndoi: 10.1359/jbmr.07s211\n