VirgoLab

One reason that is often given for building recommenders, particularly in the context of a digital library, is that it is supposed to help address the information overload problem. However, one can easily argue that the converse is true.

Thus, a recommender actually adds to the information overload problem and thus exacerbates the attention deficit problem that Carr complains about in his article.

perhaps we should focus on what’s in front of us instead of fretting about whether we’ve reached 100% recall.

The ways in which we consume and pay attention to information are changing. The changes are not minor, they are big and profound.

Today we have successfully replaced attention with what Linda Stone coined and Marc Orchant recently wrote about: Continuous Partial Attention.

There are two major axis that cause inattention - the amount of information and the interrupts.

We write blogs, create news, produce content, act as journalists, and there are plenty of platforms that allow us to spread our message

We are eager to share personal information, wishes, needs, thoughts, ideas, emotions, friends, locations. To find information we use Google, news sites, rss feeds, aggregators, aggregators that aggregate aggregators, news feeds, tweets, social networks.

There are no short cuts to knowledge, no matter how much processing power and storage capacity we throw at it.

We don't want to argue that noise is always good, it's clearly important to spend some time without it every day.

Filtering isn't everything it's cracked up to be, though, and you wouldn't want to live in a fully filtered world all the time. Social media noise is an essential part of learning and living on the web.

It's one thing to find something you didn't know you needed right now, it's a whole other skill to be able to recall information that seemed marginally useful at best in the past at a time in the future when the need for it arises. Who can't remember doing that before? The ability to recall passively collected information that was gathered purposelessly in the past and put it to use in the future is a particularly powerful form of intelligence

我仍然尊重記者必需的專業與訓練，許多「公民記者」的撰述並不能成為獨立而平衡的報導（當然，很多專業記者也做不到），但卻提供了另外一種觀點、或是突破會讓主流媒體大招牌卡住的限制，讓我們有更多的資訊可以選擇。

無論主流或是公民媒體，我基本上都抱持著一種「照單接收、但不信任」的態度；理論上（只是理論上），真正的事實來自不同資訊來源之間的交叉比對

現在，我們對於新聞來源有更多選擇、但也必須自己幫自己篩選。基本上，沒有任何來源是完全可信的；甚至有很多資訊來自不能說的弦外之音。如果不花那個力氣去幫自己判斷、比對、過濾新聞，那麼我們接收到的訊息品質，其實跟媒體開放之前沒有太多差異。

目前国内讨论较多的是狭义的同行评议，即作者投稿以后，由刊物主编或纳稿编辑邀请具有专业知识或造诣的学者，评议论文的学术和文字质量，提出意见和判定，主编按评议的结果决定是否适合在本刊发表。一般的科技期刊是请2-3位评审人，也有更多的。这些评议人的评议结果，将直接影响到主编对被评议的文章所做出的最终评定。除此以外，广义的同行评议不止于此，还包括文章发表以后由专门组成的审议小组 (Journal Clubs) 对文章发表后的交流和应用效果进行评议，其中也包括对投稿阶段的评审意见进行探讨，这在医学科学类期刊尤为普遍。近年来新兴的免费期刊(Open Access Journals) 开创的公开评议 (Open Review) 或有些论文网站 (Paper Database) 采纳的自荐评议，也属于广义的同行评议。

同行评议成为科技期刊出版的基石，公认是20世纪中叶以后的事。这与二战后科技进步引发的论文数量的激增和期刊种类和数量的翻番不无关系。可以肯定地说，没有同行评议就没有庞大的科技期刊出版业；同行评议的质量是期刊出版质量的先决条件和重要保障之一。

传统的同行评议，通常强调两个基本点。一是匿名；二是独立思考判断。主编邀请的评议人大都是与论文内容相关的科研人士，希望听到的是他们依据各自的专业知识和经验，对论文做出独立的判断和评定。既要实事求是，又要开诚布公。

钱穆过去讲，一个本国公民对于自己本国以往的历史应具温情与敬意，现在人们大体可以做到这一点。

一种文化的产生，不能脱离它的时代。中国文化是在农耕时代这个背景下产生的，并达到了这个历史条件下所能达到的最高程度。在面对当时可能产生的所有问题时，中国文化基本都有高明的理解和解释，同时也寻找到了承传这种文化的最佳方式。

今天提倡背《四书》，在知识的承传上，它本身已经没有意义，因为现代保存知识的手段非常丰富，就个人获得知识和养成人格来说，简单背诵只是第一步，但在现代社会，它所要付出的成本却很高，这个成本还不是一个简单时间问题，而是这种背诵的实际意义

The standard measure scientists use to judge the importance of scientific papers is a simple citation count. That is, how many other papers cite the paper in question? While this measure has its merits, it has one fundamental flaw - not all citations are equal.

Numerous authors/bloggers have advocated using a PageRank-like index for quantifying the importance of papers or journals

To represent the web we use a directed graph, where the edges carry a direction.

Automated identification of terrorists through data mining (or any other known methodology) is neither feasible as an objective nor desirable as a goal of technology development efforts.

criminal prosecutors and judges are concerned with determining the guilt or innocence of a suspect in the wake of an already-committed crime; counter-terror officials are concerned with preventing crimes from occurring by identifying suspects before they've done anything wrong.

The problem: preventing a crime by someone with no criminal record