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Kay Bradley

US History Films--Line 'em up on Netflix and have fun! - 6 views

U.S. History Films List: a collection of suggestions from other people-I have bold faced my top ten . . . The First List is from John Nesbit, of Phoenix, AZ. http://www.epinions.com/content_19656...

US History

started by Kay Bradley on 14 Feb 11 no follow-up yet
Kay Bradley

L. Frank Baum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

  • In December 1890, Baum urged the wholesale extermination of all America's native peoples in a column he wrote on December 20, 1890, nine days before the Wounded Knee Massacre.[13] Later, on January 3, 1891, Baum reverted to the subject in an editorial response to the event: The Pioneer has before declared that our only safety depends upon the total extirmination [sic] of the Indians. Having wronged them for centuries, we had better, in order to protect our civilization, follow it up by one more wrong and wipe these untamed and untamable creatures from the face of the earth.[14]
  • While Baum was in South Dakota, he sang in a quartet that included a man who would become one of the first Populist (People's Party) Senators in the U.S., James Kyle
  • In 1900, Baum and Denslow (with whom he shared the copyright) published The Wonderful Wizard of Oz to much critical acclaim and financial success.[18] The book was the best-selling children's book for two years after its initial publication.[citation needed] Baum went on to write thirteen more novels based on the places and people of the Land of Oz.
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  • Jokes in the script, mostly written by Glen MacDonough, called for explicit references to President Theodore Roosevelt, Senator Mark Hanna, and oil magnate John D. Rockefeller. Although use of the script was rather free-form, the line about Hanna was ordered dropped as soon as Hamlin got word of his death in 1904.[citation needed]
  • On May 5, 1919, Baum suffered from a stroke.
  • Baum wrote two editorials about Native Americans for the Aberdeen Saturday Pioneer which have provoked controversy in recent times because of his assertion that the safety of White settlers depended on the wholesale genocide of American Indians
  • The first piece was published on December 20, 1890, five days after the killing of the Lakota Sioux holy man, Sitting Bull (who was being held in custody at the time). Following is the complete text of the editorial: Sitting Bull, most renowned Sioux of modern history, is dead. He was not a Chief, but without Kingly lineage he arose from a lowly position to the greatest Medicine Man of his time, by virtue of his shrewdness and daring. He was an Indian with a white man's spirit of hatred and revenge for those who had wronged him and his. In his day he saw his son and his tribe gradually driven from their possessions: forced to give up their old hunting grounds and espouse the hard working and uncongenial avocations of the whites. And these, his conquerors, were marked in their dealings with his people by selfishness, falsehood and treachery. What wonder that his wild nature, untamed by years of subjection, should still revolt? What wonder that a fiery rage still burned within his breast and that he should seek every opportunity of obtaining vengeance upon his natural enemies.
  • The proud spirit of the original owners of these vast prairies inherited through centuries of fierce and bloody wars for their possession, lingered last in the bosom of Sitting Bull. With his fall the nobility of the Redskin is extinguished, and what few are left are a pack of whining curs who lick the hand that smites them. The Whites, by law of conquest, by justice of civilization, are masters of the American continent, and the best safety of the frontier settlements will be secured by the total annihilation of the few remaining Indians. Why not annihilation? Their glory has fled, their spirit broken, their manhood effaced; better that they die than live the miserable wretches that they are. History would forget these latter despicable beings, and speak, in latter ages of the glory of these grand Kings of forest and plain that Cooper loved to heroize. We cannot honestly regret their extermination, but we at least do justice to the manly characteristics possessed, according to their lights and education, by the early Redskins of America.[32][33] Following the December 29, 1890, massacre, Baum wrote a second editorial, published on January 3, 1891: The peculiar policy of the government in employing so weak and vacillating a person as General Miles to look after the uneasy Indians, has resulted in a terrible loss of blood to our soldiers, and a battle which, at best, is a disgrace to the war department. There has been plenty of time for prompt and decisive measures, the employment of which would have prevented this disaster.
  • An eastern contemporary, with a grain of wisdom in its wit, says that "when the whites win a fight, it is a victory, and when the Indians win it, it is a massacre."[32][34]
  • The Pioneer has before declared that our only safety depends upon the total extirmination [sic] of the Indians. Having wronged them for centuries we had better, in order to protect our civilization, follow it up by one more wrong and wipe these untamed and untamable creatures from the face of the earth. In this lies safety for our settlers and the soldiers who are under incompetent commands. Otherwise, we may expect future years to be as full of trouble with the redskins as those have been in the past.
  • These two short editorials continue to haunt his legacy. In 2006, two descendants of Baum apologized to the Sioux nation for any hurt their ancestor had
  • caused
  • Baum's mother-in-law, Woman's Suffrage leader Matilda Joslyn Gage, had great influence over Baum's views. Gage was initiated into the Wolf Clan and admitted into the Iroquois Council of Matrons for her outspoken respect and sympathy for Native American people; it would seem unlikely that Baum could have harbored animosity for them in his mature years.
  • Although numerous political references to the "Wizard" appeared early in the 20th century, it was in a scholarly article by Henry Littlefield,[36] an upstate New York high school history teacher, published in 1964 that there appeared the first full-fledged interpretation of the novel as an extended political allegory of the politics and characters of the 1890s. Special attention was paid to the Populist metaphors and debates over silver and gold.[37] As a Republican and avid supporter of Women's Suffrage, it is thought that Baum personally did not support the political ideals of either the Populist movement of 1890–92 or the Bryanite-silver crusade of 1896–1900. He published a poem in support of William McKinley.[38
  • Since 1964 many scholars, economists and historians have expanded on Littlefield's interpretation, pointing to multiple similarities between the characters (especially as depicted in Denslow's illustrations) and stock figures from editorial cartoons of the period. Littlefield himself wrote to The New York Times letters to the editor section spelling out that his theory had no basis in fact, but that his original point was, "not to label Baum, or to lessen any of his magic, but rather, as a history teacher at Mount Vernon High School, to invest turn-of-the-century America with the imagery and wonder I have always found in his stories."[39]
  • Baum's newspaper had addressed politics in the 1890s, and Denslow was an editorial cartoonist as well as an illustrator of children's books. A series of political references are included in the 1902 stage version, such as references by name to the President and a powerful senator, and to John D. Rockefeller for providing the oil needed by the Tin Woodman. Scholars have found few political references in Baum's Oz books after 1902.[citation needed] When Baum himself was asked whether his stories had hidden meanings, he always replied that they were written to please children and generate an income for his family
  • The Baums believed in God, but felt that religious decisions should be made by mature minds and not religious authorities. As a result, they sent their older sons to "Ethical Culture Sunday School" in Chicago, which taught morality, not religion.[41][42]
Matt Forster

United States Events 1992-Present - 14 views

What was the Abu Grahib scandal and how did it affect Bush's presidency? (Matt)

recent events 1990s 2000s

Kay Bradley

Freedmen's Bureau - Black History - HISTORY.com - 0 views

  • March 3, 1865, two months before Confederate General Robert Lee (1807-70) surrendered t
  • Intended as a temporary agency to last the duration of the war and one year afterward
  • majority of its original employees were Civil War soldiers.
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  • Did You Know? Howard University, a historically all-black school in Washington, D.C., was established in 1867 and named for Oliver Howard, one of its founders and the head of the Freedmen’s Bureau. He served as the university's president from 1869 to 1874.
  • There was no tradition of government responsibility for a huge refugee population and no bureaucracy to administer a large welfare, employment and land reform program
  • 4 million newly freed blacks
  • When Congress introduced a bill in February 1866 to extend the bureau’s tenure and give it new legal powers, Johnson vetoed the proposed legislation on the grounds that it interfered with states’ rights, gave preference to one group of citizens over another and would impose a huge financial burden on the federal government, among other issues.
  • as well as removing bureau employees he thought were too sympathetic to blacks
  • Johnson’s actions, which included pardoning many former Confederates and restoring their land,
  • there was disagreement over what type of assistance the government should provide and for how long.
  • covering the 11 former rebel states, the border states of Maryland, Kentucky and West Virginia and Washington, D.C. Each district was headed by an assistant commissioner.
  • achievements varied
  • the bureau was underfunded and understaffed,
  • Bureau agents, who acted essentially as social workers
  • were subjected to ridicule and violence
  • Ku Klux Klan) who viewed the agents as interfering in local affairs by trying to assist blacks
  • fed millions of people,
  • ust 900 agents at its peak.
  • built hospitals
  • medical aid,
  • negotiated labor contracts for ex-slaves
  • settled labor disputes.
  • helped former slaves legalize marriages
  • locate lost relatives
  • assisted black veterans.
  • building thousands of schools for blacks
  • found such colleges as Howard University in Washington, D.C
  • Fisk University in Nashville
  • Hampton University
  • the bureau tried, with little success, to promote land redistribution.
  • most of the confiscated or abandoned Confederate land was eventually restored to the original owners
  • dismantled the Freedmen’s Bureau
  • summer of 1872,
  • for a time
  • the Bureau’s physical presence in the South made palpable to many citizens the abstract principles of equal access to the law and free labor.”
  • the bureau’s efforts did signal the introduction of the federal government into issues of social welfare and labor relations
  • the bureau was not able to carry out all of its initiatives, and it failed to provide long-term protection for blacks or ensure any real measure of racial equality.
  • The U.S. Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands
Kay Bradley

"One Drop of Blood", by Lawrence Wright - 1 views

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    Definitions of race in US History; race categories on the US census
Kay Bradley

US History Tours Powered by Google Earth - 2 views

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    Really fun! Contents: * Pre-Columbian Sites and Their Significance * The Revolutionary War * The Lewis & Clark Expedition * Indian Removal * The Path to Civil War * The Emergence of a National Park System * Conflicts in WWII: Pearl Harbor, Midway, D-Day, Stalingrad, Okinawa & Others * The Road to Civil Rights * Vietnam Conflicts: Dien bien Phu, Ia Drang, Khe Sanh, My Lai, Kent State & Others * The 20th Century Power Grid: From Hydro-Electric to Nuclear Power
Kay Bradley

Digital History - 1 views

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    Great online text book; lots of primary sources; particularly strong on social history. Check it out!
Kay Bradley

Essential Questions about slavery: A list collaboratively generated by B Block October... - 18 views

Essential Questions about slavery A list collaboratively generated by B Block 7 october, 2010 Early Slavery: 1640s-1776 1. Why wasn't there a major slave uprising? 2. How were the slaves dehumani...

US History slavery

started by Kay Bradley on 07 Oct 10 no follow-up yet
Kay Bradley

Cattle, Frontiers, and Farming - AP U.S. History Topic Outlines - Study Notes - 0 views

  • During that same time, however, over two million families purchased land from the railroads, land companies, or state governments. Homesteading was difficult since 160 acres on the dry plains were often not enough to support a family. The land was cheap, but livestock, equipment, and seed were expensive.
  • Transportation to haul produce to market was expensive, and interest rates on loans and mortgages were high
  • Unscrupulous companies often acquired the best timber and mineral properties through fraudulent practices including using “dummy” homesteaders and fake improvements
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  • Much of the public domain land passed quickly from the original homesteaders to promoters, not farmers.
  • Railroads had made it possible to sell crops at great distances, and farmers began to think in terms of a single cash crop rather than general farming to produce their families’ needs. Railroads benefited from this trade and sent agents to Europe to promote western settlement.
  • pecial steel plows were developed
  • sodbusters
  • fertile
  • barbed wire.
  • By 1883, Joseph Glidden’s company was making 600 miles of his patented wire each day.
  • In the late 1880s and early 1890s, a drought drove all but the most stubborn out.
  • “lifter” to cultivate rather than a plow to break up the soil
  • Dust Bowl years of the 1930s.
  • With the Homestead Act of 1862, a settler could claim as much as 160 acres (a quarter section) on the condition that he (occasionally she) lived on the land for five years, improved it, and paid a fee of $30. Alternatively, land could be bought after only six months’ residence at $1.25 per acre.
  • Special plows and new machinery such as threshers and hay mowers all allowed a farmer to produce more, but the expense of the devices often put him into debt.
Kay Bradley

History of Agriculture and Farm Machinery - 0 views

  • In 1879, Anna Baldwin patented a milking machine that replaced hand milking
  • Cyrus H. McCormick
  • reaper
Kay Bradley

Precedent for the New World: The Spanish Conquest of the Canary Islands | The Anarchist... - 1 views

  • Columbus lived for a time on Portugal’s plantation island of Madeira, with its then ample population of slaves. He married the daughter of Bartolome Perestrello
  • Columbus had also worked as a sugar buyer for the Genoese banking family of the Centuriones; and ... must have seen slaves in the Canary Islands, working on the sugar plantations which he himself knew well
  • Columbus’s 1492 voyage to the New World has often been identified as a turning point in the history of the last millennium. His governorship of Hispaniola — during which the native Caribs (from which the Caribbean derives its name) were enslaved and 90% died of disease or abuse within the first decade thanks to Columbus’s quest for gold — is said to have set precedent for Cortez and Pisarro’s looting of the Aztecs and Incas and the destruction of their civilisations. The gold and silver extracted from these was, in turn, said to have funded Habsburg domination of Europe for the next two centuries and the creation of the modern world out of the feudal order that preceded it.
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  • The other half of this story is Africa. The very basis of the ease of the conquistadors’ take-over of the New World — the indigenous peoples’ vulnerability to European diseases — also made them useless as a labour force and so Africans had to be shipped in instead as slaves.
  • For the next three centuries, the exploitation of Africa made that of the New World possible.
  • the Triangular Trade that ensured the maturation of capitalism and underpinned the elaboration of Enlightenment high culture — the shipping of slaves from Africa to harvest such staples of European life as sugar, cotton and tobacco in the New World. It built the investment infrastructure of capitalism.
  • Ultimately, the Portuguese proved more adept at the ‘great game’ of imperialism than the Spanish — the 1493 Treaty of Tordesillas gave them the best slave ports in equatorial Africa and Brazilian plantations which proved so extensive and productive that they supplied even north America with tobacco
  • it was the Spanish that came first, and it was they that set the pattern.
  • but a key
  • was the Spanish and Portuguese conquest of the Azores, Madeiras, and Canary Islands during the 15th century.
  • Alfred Crosby argued in his 1986 history, Ecological Imperialism:[2]
  • [T]he Iberian conquest of the Azores, Madeiras and Canaries [w]as a pilot program for the reshaping of European colonies in the Americas, Africa, Australia, and Oceania. In all these places, the newcomers would conquer the human populations and Europeanize entire ecosystems. They dared this because they had seen from the Iberian experience in the Canaries that European crops and herds would thrive in all but the most hostile, unfamiliar environments, and that the fiercest indigenes could be beaten despite their superior numbers and home-ground advantage. As a result, tens of millions of natives around the world would die.
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    From "The Anarchist Library"
Kay Bradley

Search Results for "100 amazing facts" - The Root - 0 views

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    African American History blog posts by Scholar Henry Louis Gates, Jr.
Kay Bradley

Digital History: 1932 Bonus Army - 0 views

  • 20,000 World War I veterans and their families marched on Washington
  • The proposal was to pay veterans $1 for each day served in the United States and $1.25 for every day overseas.
  • resident Hoover called on the Army to "put an end to rioting and defiance of authority."
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  • The Third Cavalry advanced on the veterans, followed by infantry with fixed bayonets, a machine gun detachment, troops with tear gas canisters, and six midget tanks. The camps were burned.
  • hief of Staff Douglas MacArthur
Kay Bradley

Digital History: FDR 1930s - 0 views

  • No fewer than 16 of his ancestors had come over on the Mayflower
  • assistant secretary of the Navy in 1913
  • "If you had spent two years in bed trying to wiggle your toe," he later declared, "after that anything would seem easy."
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  • Roosevelt won the governorship of New York in 1928--one of the few Democrats to survive the Republican landslide. Surrounding himself with able advisors, Roosevelt labored to convert New York into a laboratory for reform, involving conservation, old-age pensions, public works projects, and unemployment insurance.
  • a New Deal for the American people
  • policy of experimentation
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    "No fewer than 16 of his ancestors had come over on the Mayflower"
Kay Bradley

Digital History: Herbert Hoover 1930s - 0 views

  • When President Herbert Hoover took office, the unemployment rate was 4.4 percent. When he left office, it was 23.6 percent.
  • Hoover’s efforts in providing relief during and after World War I saved millions of Europeans, including Germans and Russians, from starvation and made him an international hero
  • Hoover was a proponent of "rugged individualism."
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  • The trouble with capitalism is capitalists; they're too damn greedy."
  • Quaker
  • He was worth $4 million by the age of 40, and then devoted himself to public service.
  • y April 1, 1933, U.S. Steel did not have a single full-time employee.
  • Smoot-Hawley tariff
  • provoked retaliation from Britain
  • Hoover persuaded local and state governments to sharply increase public works spending
  • Hoover quickly developed a reputation as uncaring
  • Hoover was a stubborn man
  • "Either we shall have a society based upon ordered liberty and the initiative of the individual, or we shall have a planned society that means dictation no matter what you call it.... There is no half-way ground.
  • In 1932, he created the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC)
  • to help save the banking and railroad systems.
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