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absalommukwevho37

Sacred rivers: Christianity in southern Africa has a deep history of water and ritual - 0 views

theconversation.com/ory-of-water-and-ritual-196296

Mukwevho Absalom 220111948

shared by absalommukwevho37 on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • absalommukwevho37 on 26 Apr 23
     
    This image from this website demonstrates how highly Christianity is held in regard; it even has rites that are performed in rivers, demonstrating the fervent devotion of its adherents and influencers. Without a doubt, the missions they undertook had a significant impact. baptism ritual in the Mbashe River in the Eastern Cape region of South Africa. Getty Images CARL DE SOUZA/AFP
ntonta

African exploration.pdf - 2 views

Bonga Ntonta''

shared by ntonta on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
khensani

The Resources of the Nyassa Region, East Coast of Africa.pdf - 2 views

Rhulani Mashele 221056879

shared by khensani on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • EAST COAST OF AFRICA.
    • khensani
      khensani on 26 Apr 23
       
      this is a place where ivory trade took place east Africa
  • blished in Science of Dec. 28, I888.
    • khensani
      khensani on 26 Apr 23
       
      date of publication fall under 1890 as the instructions of this task stated,
  • upply from these might he largely increased, to the benefit of trade, the country, and the people generally. The Arab slave-dealer is the chief collector of ivory in this country, with the tusks of which he loads his slaves, obtaining thereby cheap and profitable carriage to the coast. Th
    • khensani
      khensani on 26 Apr 23
       
      it was the Arab slaves who transported the ivory hence it was very cheap to transport the ivory since slaves do not get paid
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • The most important feature of the Nyassa region is its easy access. The
  • The trading company of Lake Nyassa, and the missions of that region, - the Free Church of Scotland Missions, which occupy the west coast of the lake; the Universities' Mission, which occupies the east coast of the lake, -have expended altogether some $750,ooo on this region. In pursuance of these objects, a survey was made of a road for about forty-six miles through the rough country of Lake Nyassa, towards Lake Tanganyika, which is reached from the terminal point of that road through an easy country. The road was made by native labor, and the traffic on it was at first worked by parties hired by the company from the Nkonde, Wanda, and Mambwe tribes, with all of whom the company made treaties by which its authority was recognized over these districts. At present its management has, however, slipped into the hands of the Arabs, who purchase goods at the Nyassa terminus, and convey them by their own people, often slaves, to Lake Tanganyika, the European staff being too limited in numbers to superintend all the stations required.
    • khensani
      khensani on 26 Apr 23
       
      this paragraph simply highlight the easiest rout that was used to transport ivory. Nkonde wanda is a company that was used by Arabians to be in control of traffic and all the transportation issues.
molapisanekagiso

v36a13.pdf - 2 views

Molapisane kagiso 222108177

shared by molapisanekagiso on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • Firearms have a long and significant history in Africa. From their early introduction into the continent, largely as items of trade, firearms have been intricately bound in the various forms of European intrusion into Africa, from the slave trade to pacification and colonisation. Predictably, the history of firearms in Africa has attracted substantial scholarly attention over the past half a century. The result has been the development of a large body of literature on the topic and a proliferation of conflicting viewpoints and beliefs
  • That firearms have had important influences on the course of Africa’s history is beyond doubt, yet there has been very little consensus on the issue beyond this basic acknowledgment.
  • Other works that have undertaken some form of quantification of the firearms trade into West Africa have shown that the majority of firearms imported were of a kind unsuited for military use. White insists that the African trade musket, which constituted the bulk of firearms imported into Africa, was ‘not intended for rapid reloading, cheap to buy, simple to repair, light in weight, and with no delicate parts, would be more popular than either a military musket or later military weapon
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • While Guy reveals the continuity of military tactics and practices of the Zulu, there are missing aspects to his overview. One of these is the role and use of firearms by the Zulu. From his account it is clear that firearms were not employed as military technology by the Zulu at this time. The obvious question is why? Did Zulu warriors deliberately avoid using firearms? If so, what reasons were behind the Zulu not adopting guns or firearms? Or was it more a question of control? Did the colonial authorities seek to ensure that the African populations were deprived of access and ownership of firearms? If so, what were the processes of control, deprivation and confiscation, and how effective were they? Surely, throughout their contact and conflict with colonial forces throughout the nineteenth century, the Zulu would have learnt from their experiences of engaging with an enemy armed with firearm
  • ependent on imported parts and cartridges’. 14 The trade musket was more suited to hunting or crop protection, rather than military uses such as slave raiding and capture. Richards and Northrup also show that large quantities of cheap industrial firearms were produced and traded into Africa; the Bonny gun and the Angola gun being two prime examples. This not only demonstrates the demand for cheap firearms, but also the ‘subtleties and interregional differences of African demand’. 15 As Northrup stated:
  • Another reason why the cheaper arms would have been more sought after by African populations is that many of them could be repaired in situ by their owners. Many of the more expensive and modern weapons were machine-made and so difficult for owners to mend or maintain. The cheap muskets made for Africans could be repaired by the owner or local African gunsmith. In many of the regions where firearms became an important feature of local life, blacksmiths and gunsmiths proved vital service industries. 20 Africa may not have had an armaments industry of its own, but there was definitely a lively small-scale firearm repair and service industry, the history of which has yet to be written.
  • Furthermore, there are a number of other aspects of the firearm trade that remain largely untold
  • All things considered, the history of firearms in Africa should still be seen as an exciting field of study
  • molapisanekagiso on 26 Apr 23
     
    This article is about the role and use of firearms, as well as the scale of the trade into Africa and its variations across the vast continent.
khazimlasinobom

engraving-of-a-muster-of-zulu-warriors-preparing-for-an-attack-from-british-forces-duri... - 2 views

Sinobom Ngese History 2A

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  • khazimlasinobom on 26 Apr 23
     
    This picture demonstrate how the zulu army looked like and dressed as their King Shaka was preparing them for battle as they are carrying their sticks and shields.The women were busy with their normal chores making food for the warriors.
buhlebendalo

Negotiating Identity in Contested Space: African Christians, White Missionaries and the... - 0 views

doi.org/...00232080485380071

Buhle Njiyela History 2A 2023

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  • buhlebendalo on 26 Apr 23
     
    African Christians, white missionaries , and Boers were fighting to exist in southern Africa at the Blouberg Mountains and the Transvaal.
thandontunga

Further Correspondence Respecting Portuguese Claims on the River Congo.pdf - 3 views

Thando Ntunga 221099899

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  • thandontunga on 26 Apr 23
     
    Guns were an important commodity in trade with African countries. it shows that guns, gun powder, and run was one third of the total business transacted in the depots. Guns were high in demands in Africa and played an important role in the economy. Guns have been transported deep into African interior, which lead to conflicts in the local societies. The introduction of guns in Africa has altered the balance of power and played a role in intensification of existing conflicts.
  • thandontunga on 26 Apr 23
     
    The use of firearm in wars in Africa was not limited to African actors, but it was supported by European powers who colonized that part of Africa by providing guns. Firearms were used by local citizen in act of violence and crime.
thutomatlhoko

The Anglo-Zulu War - 0 views

samilitaryhistory.org/vo044gca.jpg

Thuto Matlhoko History 2A The Zulu Kingdom_ Anglo-Zulu War

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  • thutomatlhoko on 26 Apr 23
     
    This is a picture of map showing the British plan to attack/invade the Zululand.
lmshengu

exploration of Africa - Students | Britannica Kids | Homework Help - 1 views

kids.britannica.com/...543378

Lwandile Mshengu History 2A

shared by lmshengu on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • Archaeological
    • lmshengu
      lmshengu on 26 Apr 23
       
      it is the scientific study of material remains such as tools,pottery,jewelry,stone walls and monuments of past human life and activities.
  • The coasts of northern Africa were known to peoples of Europe and Asia since ancient times. Non-Africans later gained knowledge of the western, southern, and eastern coasts. However, the interior of Africa remained largely a mystery to foreigners until the mid-19th century. It was the last of the inhabited continents to be thoroughly explored by outsiders, along with Australia. Africa lies very close to southern Europe and even closer to the Middle East region of Asia. Nevertheless, Europeans explored the distant Americas first.
    • lmshengu
      lmshengu on 26 Apr 23
       
      The ancient inhabitants of Europe and Asia were aware of the northern African shores. Later, the western, southern, and eastern beaches were known to non-Africans. However, until the middle of the 19th century, the interior of Africa was mainly unknown to outsiders. Along with Australia, it was the last of the inhabited continents to be properly explored by outsiders. The Middle East region of Asia is even closer to Africa than it is to southern Europe. Nevertheless, the far-off Americas were first discovered by Europeans.
  • Africa posed several challenges to foreign explorers
    • lmshengu
      lmshengu on 26 Apr 23
       
      Many africans had faced several issues from the foreign explorers
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • Mediterranean Sea.
    • lmshengu
      lmshengu on 26 Apr 23
       
      The mediterranean sea is a sea connected to the atlantic ocean, surrounded by the mediterranean basin and almost completely enclosed by land on the north by southern europe and anatolia on the south by north africa and on the east by the levant in western asia.
  • fierce storms
    • lmshengu
      lmshengu on 26 Apr 23
       
      Fierce storms is a violent storm with extremely strong winds and heavy rain
  • Portugal’s exploring aims were largely commercial. The Portuguese wanted to find a sea route around Africa to the riches of Asia. Like other European powers, they wanted to trade directly in valuable Asian spices. The older trade routes to Asia were becoming increasingly blocked to them.
    • lmshengu
      lmshengu on 26 Apr 23
       
      Portuguese exploration mostly served commercial interests. The Portuguese sought a sea route from the riches of Asia around Africa. They desired to engage in direct trade in priceless Asian spices, much like other European powers. Older trade routes to Asia were getting more and more closed off to them.
  • The Portuguese wanted to end Muslim control over northern Africa. That desire was one of several reasons why Portugal explored the continent in the 15th century. Spreading Christianity in Africa was another motive for Portuguese exploration, along with scientific curiosity. They also sought great wealth.
  • The Portuguese also wanted to establish trade with western Africa. Gold, ivory, and African slaves had long been traded across the Sahara to Muslims in the north.
    • lmshengu
      lmshengu on 26 Apr 23
       
      Additionally, the Portuguese desired to open markets in western Africa. African slaves, gold, and ivory had long been traded with Muslims in the north across the Sahara.
  • By the time Henry died in 1460, his navigators had explored the coast as far south as Sierra Leone. For a time the Portuguese were busy fighting the Moroccans, and few exploring expeditions were sent out. John II became king of Portugal in 1481. Under John, the Portuguese once again began exploring Africa regularly
    • lmshengu
      lmshengu on 26 Apr 23
       
      By the time Henry passed away in 1460, his explorers had traveled as far south as Sierra Leone to investigate the coastline. Few exploration trips were sent out for a while since the Portuguese were preoccupied with fighting the Moroccans. Portugal's John II was crowned king in 1481. Under John, the Portuguese resumed frequent exploration of Africa.
  • stone pillar
    • lmshengu
      lmshengu on 26 Apr 23
       
      A stone pillar having a rectangular cross section tapering towards a pyramidal top.it is a landform, eisther of rock or earth.
  • For the next 15 years, Livingstone was constantly on the move in the African interior. First, he ventured north of Cape Town into the Kalahari, a vast dry plain. By 1842 he had already traveled farther north in the Kalahari than any other European. In 1844 he traveled to Mabotsa to establish a mission station. Along the way he was mauled by a lion, and his left arm was injured. The following year Livingstone married Moffat’s daughter Mary. She accompanied him on many of his travels.
    • lmshengu
      lmshengu on 26 Apr 23
       
      Livingstone moved about constantly throughout the interior of Africa for the following 15 years. He first traveled into the Kalahari, a large, dry desert, to the north of Cape Town. He had already traversed the Kalahari further north than any previous European by 1842. He went to Mabotsa in 1844 to start a mission station there. He was attacked by a lion along the route, which hurt his left arm. Livingstone wed Mary, Moffat's daughter, the following year. She traveled with him on many occasions.
  • Modern exploration of the Nile basin began when Egypt conquered Sudan starting in 1821. As a result, the Egyptians learned more about the courses of the Blue Nile and the White Nile. A Turkish officer, Selim Bimbashi, led three expeditions between 1839 and 1842. Two of them reached the point in what is now South Sudan where rapids make navigation of the Nile difficult.
    • lmshengu
      lmshengu on 26 Apr 23
       
      When Egypt seized control of Sudan beginning in 1821, modern exploration of the Nile basin began. The Egyptians gained deeper knowledge of the Blue Nile and White Nile's courses as a result. Between 1839 and 1842, Selim Bimbashi, a Turkish officer, was in charge of three expeditions. Two of them arrived at the spot where the Nile's navigation becomes challenging due to rapids in what is now South Sudan
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