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Contents contributed and discussions participated by ncamisilenzuza9

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ncamisilenzuza9

Arrival-of-Jan-van-Riebeeck-in-South-Africa-by-Charles-Bell - 2 views

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Ncamisile Nzuza History 2A

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  • ncamisilenzuza9 on 25 Apr 23
     
    The arrival of Jan Van Riebeeck at the Cape on the 6th of April 1652 was viewed as the beginning of white civilization by some people, and some viewed his arrival as the beginning of colonial repression and resistance. However, Jan Van Riebeeck was part of the slave trade as well, because he was a Dutch navigator and colonial administrator of the VOC.
ncamisilenzuza9

gale submi.pdf - 2 views

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Ncamisile Nzuza History 2A

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  • ncamisilenzuza9 on 25 Apr 23
     
    Page 3 of this PDF talks about 'Madagascar still recognizing slavery'. So, Madagascar was connected to the Indian Ocean slave trade, particularly it was connected with the Cape Colony, because slaves were transported to the Cape from a wide range of areas in the Indian Ocean world, including Madagascar. Some of the slaves transported were owned by the VOC, a Dutch owned company, and labored on Company farms, outposts, and docks. The majority were sold to settlers and worked as domestic servants in Cape Town or as laborers on the grain, wine, and pastoral farms of the Cape interior. Moreover, slaves laborer more on wine farms, there were also wheat farms which required the labor of slaves. The economy of the Cape colony was mostly built on slaves just as the saying goes : " Wealth in people". So, the economy of the Cape boomed mostly because of slaves. Furthermore, slavery continued in the Cape for years until the abolishment of slavery was implemented which placed a challenge for the economy of the Cape, because the shortage of slaves meant that less work was done on the farms. However, even though slavery was abolished we still have traces of it left today.
ncamisilenzuza9

The First Slaves at the Cape | South African History Online - 3 views

www.sahistory.org.za/...first-slaves-cape

Ncamisile Nzuza History 2A

shared by ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • yet although the Amersfoort was the first ship to bring a whole cargo of slaves to the Cape
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      Some of the African slaves were brought in from other parts of Africa on cargo ships owned by Dutch or British colonizers.
  • he Dutch East India Company (VOC)
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      The VOC was in alliance with the British colonizers during the slave trade because the company was owned by Dutch colonizers or settlers, so they ere responsible for the import or export of slaves.
  • hese few souls, who arrived at the Cape in dribs and drabs
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      Some of the slaves who arrived at the Cape were in bad conditions, some were sick and frail.
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • Most of the personal slaves who arrived at the Cape with VOC officials were women
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      Most of the slaves who arrived were said to be women, because women dominated agricultural farming at the Cape at that time.
ncamisilenzuza9

Slaves, Workers, and Wine: The 'Dop System' in the History of the Cape Wine Industry, 1... - 2 views

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Ncamisile Nzuza History 2A

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  • Providing wine to workers ‘as partial remuneration’ was unequivocally made illegal in 1809
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      Providing wine as remuneration to slave workers was part of the idea of cheap labor, because slaves worked hard in the farms at the Cape only to be cheated by their slave owners by being paid back with a glass of wine. Therefore, to slaves the banning of wine as being a remuneration was aa win for slaves, because it was an unjust act towards them.
  • lavery and wine continued to provide the economic foundation for the Cape under the British and Batavia
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      For slaves to continue providing the economic foundation of the Cape, they had to endure exploitation from their slave owners, such as cheap labor. Therefore, slavery was the key foundation of the economy of the Cape, because slaves labored hard on the farms.
  • Netherlanders’
  • ...19 more annotations...
  • The Cape wine industry was built on the labour of slaves
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      The Cape Colony is dominated by vineyards, especially in the western Cape, so the rapid increase in wine export meant more slaves were needed for labor at the farms. The increase in slaves meant that the wine industry was being dominated by slaves, which proves that the wine industry was built on the labor of slaves.
  • an van Riebeeck arrived at the Cape as Commander of the Company settlement on 6 April 1652
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      The arrival of Jan van Riebeeck at the Cape Colony was viewed or is still viewed in different ways. Some viewed his arrival as the beginning of colonial repression and resistance, and some viewed it as the beginning of white civilization.
  • 1657, van Riebeeck released nine Company servants (knechten) from the Company’s service as freemen (vrije luiden).
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      Jan van Riebeeck was a bit lenient with African slaves, he was aware of the inhumane act done by the slave trade or slave owners, which is why he released some of the slaves.
  • slaves and their masters producing wine and wheat
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      The Cape also had farms that produced wheat, wheat is also a crop that requires so much labor, so slaves also played a huge role in the production of wheat.
  • Khoi were in a position to resist labour discipline and avoid hard manual labour.
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      Khoisan's were hunter gathers so they were used to manual labor, so the VOC saw them as a good investment to turn them into slaves, but as hunter gathers the Khoisan's were not always available. They did not stay in one place, because of hunting they would move from one place to another. Which is why they had a chance to resist hard manual labor as slaves.
  • Burghers
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      What were Burghers? Historically, the term Burgher refers to a non-slave or serf citizen of a town or city, typically a member of the wealth bourgeoisie.
  • expected the Company to discipline errant slaves brutally and to ensure their return to their owners
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      Slaves were not considered as humans which is why they were brutally treated, which was an inhumane act towards the slaves.
  • ports of slaves were insufficient to meet the year-round needs of arable and livestock farmers. Khoi provided most of the labour for stock farme
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      Imported slaves were insufficient because they had to travel on sea for a long time in cargo ships, so they would arrive after a certain period of time. Moreover, since Khoisan's were good with live stock, they did most of the labor for stock farms.
  • children of slave fathers and free mothers – would be apprenticed (‘ingeboek’) to serve the master of the slave until the age of 25
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      The whole system of slavery was unfair especially to the children, because being a slave was sort of an inheritance to them, a bad inheritance. The slave owners did not care about the education of the children of slaves, which was legally unfair.
  • The abolition of the slave trade in 1808 preceded the export-led and tariff-assisted expansion in wine production between 1815 and 1830
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      Slavery at the Cape Colony was abolished in the 1830s by which the colony was under the British rule. However, the abolishment of slavery challenged the wheat and wine industry, because of the scarcity of labor these industries struggled.
  • The ‘Caledon’ Proclamation of 1809
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      The 'Caledon' Proclamation also known as the Hottenot Code, was a decree issued by governor of the Cape Colony at the time to restrict the mobility of Khoisan's.
  • ottentot’
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      Khoisan's were also referred to as 'Hottenots, .
  • e Ordinance was intended to establish a ‘proper relation between master and servant’
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      The Ordinance aimed to establish the equality between master and servant, slave owners and slave workers.
  • And, adding tobacco, the Ordinance also ‘enacted, that no Liquor or Tobacco shall be admitted as Money due for Wages, or in any manner charged in account against any such Hottentot or free Person of Colour
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      The Ordinance also helped in the demolishing of cheap labor, slaves were not to be cheated of their hard work.
  • The Slave Proclamation
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      What was the slave proclamation? It was a law that promoted the release of slaves.
  • Slavery formally ended on 1 December 1834
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      This is when slavery ended in at the Cape Colony.
  • reed slaves left their former owners when they were emancipated ‘to escape the bonds of farm labou
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      Many slaves left their slave owners, because they were brutally treated by their slave owners prior to the abolishment of slave trade.
  • Emancipatio
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      Emancipation meant to free from control and power, so that allowed women slaves more freedom to make their own choices. So, the abolishment of slavery did some good to slaves.
  • Slaves had commonly been given garden plots. Farmers found themselves pushed into extending this provision by granting their freed workers ‘lodging’ and ‘plots for sowing and gardening’ where their wives and children could meet the families’ food needs.
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      The abolishment of slavery also allowed slaves to have their own properties.
ncamisilenzuza9

The Making of a Colonial Elite: Property, Family and Landed Stability in the Cape Colon... - 3 views

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Ncamisile Nzuza History 2A

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  • Cape Colony,
  • Cape Colony, c.
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      The Cape Colony is located in Southern Africa or rather South Africa, the colony was part of the slave trade under the Dutch and British rule in alliance with the VOC.
  • Wayne Dooling
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      Wayne is very much familiar with the history of Africa because he lectures in African History at the University of London.
  • ...14 more annotations...
  • ed its settler population into four classes. Fir
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      The division of people into classes is what contributed to slavery, because if people were all viewed as belonging to one class or as equals then each person would have been respected to be not seen as a slave or potential slave. The division of people into classes also shows that the distribution of power and wealth was racially structured by society.
  • gentry
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      What is a gentry? Refers to people of good social position, specifically the class of people next below the nobility in position and birth.
  • there were the poorer stock farmers of the far interior
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      The Cape Colony is known to be the producer of wine, so slavery played a huge role in developing the economy of the Cape commercially. For about two decades the colonial government, in alliance with the western Cape gentry of slave-owning farmers and officials promoted wine as the main export commodity. So, the poorer stock farmers were the ones who were mostly burdened with working in the wine farms.
  • Their wives and grown-up children or the female slaves put the plants into the soil. In
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      In the history of slavery, anthropologists noted the patterns between the type of agriculture and lineage systems. For example, the planting agriculture was mostly dominated by women.
  • was in the initial heartland of colonial settlement that dispossession of indigenous populations was most complete and where slavery formed the basis for the exploitation of land and lab
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      Colonialism played a huge role in the slave trade. When colonizers arrived, they viewed Africans (South Africans) as barbaric and underdeveloped. Which is why colonizers took advantage of them and exploited them in terms of their land.
  • In March 1825
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      During 1825, the system of slavery faced a challenge, because in response to the anti-slavery movement that was happening at the time, the British government intervened directly in master-slave relations, placing constraints on the exploitation of slaves.
  • lived well off large farms or plantations worked by scores of slaves.'10
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      This is mostly likely how the issue of land began in South Africa. The Dutch or British colonizers took most of the arable land in large pieces, which is why Africans had to work on farms owned by colonizers, they did not have enough arable land.
  • the VOC (most
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      During its period as a slave-importing colony, the Cape was an integral part of the Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie ( 'Dutch East India Company' ,known as the VOC) trading network in the Indian Ocean. It drew slaves from a wide range of Asian and southwestern Indian Ocean regions. However, when the Cape Colony fell under the control of the British around 1795, the increase in imported slaves came from Mozambique and other regions of southeastern Africa.
  • geographical boundaries
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      The Cape's geography also gave rise to slavery, because the geographic position of the Cape served as a midway point for ships sailing between Europe and the East Indies.
  • 1834 There is little doubt that Cape settler society grew increasingly complex as slave and settler numbers grew and agricultural output increased
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      Slavery was a mainstay of the labor force of the Cape Colony which is part of the reason why there was an increase in the number of slaves, because slave owners realized that the more slaves they owned, the more wealth and status they would gain. Which is why throughout the 18th century slaves outnumbered settlers.
  • state inventories of arable farmers from the middle of the eighteenth century clearly point to the disparities of wealth that existed amongst the Colony's sett
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      The Cape Colony had favorable geography (arable land) and having favorable geography was a win for slave owners, because they were able to produce a good deal on their farms. This led to good wealth for slave owners.
  • an Blignault owned eighteen slaves and no fewer than seven properties (mostly located in the fertile Drakenstein distr
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      Having fertile land meant more slaves to the slave owners, because they needed more labor on the farms for more wine or crop production.
  • children or the female slaves put the plants into the soil.
  • itain withdrew its protection of the wine indust
    • ncamisilenzuza9
      ncamisilenzuza9 on 22 Apr 23
       
      The British government also abandoned its commitment to the tariffs used for the Cape wines, which led to the downfall of the main export market for the industry, wine.
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