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lidya-2

Zulu War | National Army Museum - 5 views

www.nam.ac.uk/zulu-war

lidya demssie babore 222217401 HISTORY 2A

shared by lidya-2 on 25 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • The Zulus earned their greatest victory of the war and Chelmsford was left no choice but to retreat. The Victorian public was shocked by the news that 'spear-wielding savages' had defeated their army.
  • Fearing British aggression, Cetshwayo had started to purchase guns before the war. The Zulus now had thousands of old-fashioned muskets and a few modern rifles at their disposal. But their warriors were not properly trained in their use. Most Zulus entered battle armed only with shields and spears. However, they still proved formidable opponents. They were courageous under fire, manoeuvred with great skill and were adept in hand-to-hand combat. Most of the actions fought during the war hinged on whether British firepower could keep the Zulus at bay.
    • lidya-2
      lidya-2 on 26 Apr 23
       
      the army had resources that they could have used effectively and this was the lack of skills when it came to guns. this also let to many people's death.
  • Formidable enemy Fearing British aggression, Cetshwayo had started to purchase guns before the war. The Zulus now had thousands of old-fashioned muskets and a few modern rifles at their disposal. But their warriors were not properly trained in their use. Most Zulus entered battle armed only with shields and spears. However, they still proved formidable opponents. They were courageous under fire, manoeuvred with great skill and were adept in hand-to-hand combat. Most of the actions fought during the war hinged on whether British firepower could keep the Zulus at bay.
  • ...1 more annotation...
    • lidya-2
      lidya-2 on 26 Apr 23
       
      South Africa, guns and colonialism went hand in hand. Starting with the earliest contacts between Africans and Europeans, guns became important commodities in frontier trade. trade took place between British settlers and locals. trade took place in exchange for resources like agriculture material for guns or even slaves during the 19th centuary
  • lidya-2 on 26 Apr 23
     
    "Fearing British aggression, Cetshwayo had started to purchase guns before the war. The Zulus now had thousands of old-fashioned muskets and a few modern rifles at their disposal. But their warriors were not properly trained in their use. Most Zulus entered battle armed only with shields and spears. However, they still proved formidable opponents. They were courageous under fire, manoeuvred with great skill and were adept in hand-to-hand combat. Most of the actions fought during the war hinged on whether British firepower could keep the Zulus at bay. 'March slowly, attack at dawn and eat up the red soldiers.' King Cetshwayo's orders to his troops at Isandlwana, 1879 View this object The Battle of Isandlwana, 22 January 1879 Defeat at Isandlwana On 22 January 1879, Chelmsford established a temporary camp for his column near Isandlwana, but neglected to strengthen its defence by encircling his wagons. After receiving intelligence reports that part of the Zulu army was nearby, he led part of his force out to find them. Over 20,000 Zulus, the main part of Cetshwayo's army, then launched a surprise attack on Chelmsford's poorly fortified camp. Fighting in an over-extended line and too far from their ammunition, the British were swamped by sheer weight of numbers. The majority of their 1,700 troops were killed. Supplies and ammunition were also seized. The Zulus earned their greatest victory of the war and Chelmsford was left no choice but to retreat. The Victorian public was shocked by the news that 'spear-wielding savages' had defeated their army. View this object This belt was taken from King Cetshwayo after his capture. It was probably worn by a soldier at Isandlwana. View this object Ntshingwayo kaMahole (right) led the Zulus at Isandlwana, 1879 View this object Rorke's Drift with Isandlwana in the distance, 1879 22-23 January Rorke's Drift After their victory at Isandlwana, around 4,000 Zulus pressed on to Rorke's Drift, w
  • lidya-2 on 26 Apr 23
     
    The British forces had experienced officers and NCOs and the men were well trained and disciplined; besides they had the well-made and sturdy Martini-Henry rifle. The Natal Native Contingent, however, were badly trained, undisciplined and bad shots, and had little experience of battle conditions. this also resulted in many men dying from using guns they were not ready for to use. this also puts British at a advantage or leverage over the Zulu people as they had more skill and training on using guns.
lidya-2

African military systems (1800-1900) - Wikipedia - 3 views

en.wikipedia.org/...ystems_%281800%E2%80%931900%29

lidya demssie babore 222217401 HISTORY 2A

shared by lidya-2 on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • lidya-2 on 26 Apr 23
     
    Guns were used as a tool of power and a symbol of masculinity among various ethnic groups in Southern Africa during the 19th century. While the article focused on this historical context, the legacy of guns in Southern Africa today is complex and multifaceted. On one hand, firearms are still frequently used in armed conflicts and violent crime, leading to widespread death and injury. On the other hand, hunting is a popular pastime and source of income for some inhabitants of the region, and firearms are essential tools for this activity. Additionally, firearms are also seen as a status symbol, with some individuals owning guns as a means of demonstrating their wealth and power. The legacy of guns in Southern Africa today, therefore, remains a contentious issue with both positive and negative implications.
lidya-2

Guns, Race, and Skill in Nineteenth-Century Southern Africa on JSTOR.pdf - 3 views

diigo.com/0sf572

lidya demssie babore 222217401 HISTORY 2A

shared by lidya-2 on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • The use of firearms has played a significant role in shaping the history of Southern Africa during the 19th century. In his article William K. Storey explores the impact of guns on the region's political and social landscape. Storey examines how guns were introduced to the indigenous groups in Southern Africa by European settlers and how the uneven distribujion of firearms created an imbalance of power. Furthermore, Storey delves into the ways in which gun ownership became a marker of status and skill, particularly for white settlers. He also highlights the role of guns in shaping relationships between black and white populations and the disparities that arose due to access to this technology.
    • lidya-2
      lidya-2 on 26 Apr 23
       
      NOTE
  • LW\
    • lidya-2
      lidya-2 on 26 Apr 23
       
      The use of firearms has played a significant role in shaping the history of Southern Africa during the 19th century. William K. Storey explores the impact of guns on the region's political and social landscape's. he also examines how guns were introduced to the indigenous groups in Southern Africa by European settlers and how the uneven distribution of firearms created an imbalance of power. especially between the Africans and British settlers.
  • 
    • lidya-2
      lidya-2 on 26 Apr 23
       
      The Zulu people faced off against the powerful British Empire in what became known as the Anglo-Zulu War. The British army was equipped with modern rifles and artillery, and was expected to easily defeat the Zulu army, which was armed with little more than spears and shields.
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • ZDV
    • lidya-2
      lidya-2 on 26 Apr 23
       
      it was important to know how to use guns during the 19th century. While owning a gun was a indicator of status and power among African societies, it was the ability to use the gun effectively that truly distinguished one warrior from another. the journal suggests that the possession of guns may have actually led to increased violence and conflict among these societies, as warriors compete to prove their worth by demonstrating they skill on deadly weapon. Furthermore, the article highlights the role of European traders and hunters in teaching African communities how to use guns, thereby establishing a power dynamic where the former held the knowledge and expertise necessary for successful gun use. Overall, this article sheds light on the crucial role that skill played in shaping gun culture in Southern Africa, and highlights the complex social and political dynamics that underpinned its development.
    • lidya-2
      lidya-2 on 26 Apr 23
       
      evidence for the above note in blue sticker.
    • lidya-2
      lidya-2 on 26 Apr 23
       
      evidence for the above note in blue sticker.
    • lidya-2
      lidya-2 on 26 Apr 23
       
      evidence for the above note in blue sticker.
    • lidya-2
      lidya-2 on 26 Apr 23
       
      evidence from one of the British soldiers
lidya-2

South Africa and Its Military Aspect.pdf - 7 views

diigo.com/0sej23

lidya demssie babore 222217401 HISTORY 2A

shared by lidya-2 on 25 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • For. a couple of years past South Africa has been engrossing much of the attention of tho British Government and of the country. With the csccption of what might in one sense be called an unofficia1 war with Rrcli, in 1857-58, the country had enjoyed a peace of twenty-four years, when au affrq, at s natiw beerdrinking party, bo;Fond our boundary, lighted tho torch of war, in which wc spccdiIy became involved, and the flame is still nIi& though the scat of m-;\;p lias been shifted.
  • For. a couple of years past South Africa has been engrossing much of the attention of tho British Government and of the country. With the csccption of what might in one sense be called an unofficia1 war with Rrcli, in 1857-58, the country had enjoyed a peace of twenty-four years, when au affrq, at s natiw beerdrinking party, bo;Fond our boundary, lighted tho torch of war, in which wc spccdiIy became involved, and the flame is still nIi& though the scat of m-;\;p lias been shifted.
  • I need not speak of the resources of South Africa-its vast ngri- cnltuml, mineral, and other wealth-that has been done repeatedly by abler hands. Papers have been written and lectures delivered all owr the United Kingdom upon the vast treasure we hnro there; but, to give an idea of the cstent of ow South African possessions, I mill dmm n comparison wliich will the htter familiasize it
    • lidya-2
      lidya-2 on 25 Apr 23
       
      it details how the British were exchanging resources like minerals, agriculture and animal skins in exchange for resources from British regarding military strengthening materials for the Zulu.
  • ...18 more annotations...
  • But thc morc rcstlcss mcmbcrs of this Dutch community, as cdy a 183G, crossccl thc Pax1 River, and wcrc creeping along tho moun- tins towards thc Limpopo, dcstroying, cnslrwiug, ov pushing bcforc thm tlic ill-armcd tribes, who, entirely without firearms, wcrc 110 mtch for thcm in an open, easy country. Among thosc tlint rctircd wcc thc Natabili, a Iargc branch of tho Zulu nation, undcr MOSC- fehtsc.
  • suffice it to say that, their system mas, firs; a reconnaissance of a given district, and n Trcaty with the tribc to wlic? it belonged ; then a raid upon it when the peoplo were quita off tieir guard, and scattered among their gardcns ; thc shooting of the m-ithout mcrcy, and tho carrjing off the women and children for sdo in thc toms, where they fetched from 151. to 20t. per hcad
  • In 18'1 it was estimated that about 4,000 women and children were in slarzy in the Transvaal, and, commencing with the Griquas on thc wcs'of the Frec State, northward to theLimpopo, and eren bcyond it, thmcc eaatward to tho coast, and then southward to and including tho Zulus with whom we are now at war, all the tribes
  • Tho only question is, why was it not donc bcforc ? 7Vc now fakc over tcrritory saturatcd with blood, dripping from tho hands of nicn &om wo in tho first instance Ict loosc. Lct us bo carcful to pay attention to establishing n just and merciful policy towards tho native tribes, which shall bo worthy of .Z Christian nation, and en- dearour, so far as me arc nblc, to makc amends for all tho blood which hm hccn shed.
    • lidya-2
      lidya-2 on 25 Apr 23
       
      As the British start taking over more land, by force lots of people loss lives and they possessions. The British began to exert their military might in the late 19th century, using advanced weaponry and tactics to gain control of various regions. In doing so, they established themselves as the dominant colonial power on the continent. The British introduced new military technologies, such as the Maxim gun and the breech-loading rifle, which made them virtually invincible when fighting against local militias. This gave rise to a new era in African warfare, marked by increased bloodshed and destruction.
  • dia and Colonies, Febrnarr 22nd, 1879.) Thus much for thc Frco State, Transvaal, and Basutoland. I now tarn to the history of our dcdings with tho Kafiirs and Fingoes of the cape frontier, and the Zulus of Natal. Not long aftcr our taking possession of thc Cape, we, oxpanding ea8txard6, met the Amamss Kaffirs mo+ng wcstwards, driving the
  • Hottcntots.bcforc them. By a Treaty with the Kaffirs of 1817 the Great River lyns mado tho boundary betwccn US. Graham’s Tom an(2 Jlowcr Albany werc p~opled by 8 batch of settlers in 1820.
  • From tliis tinic to 1850 tlic liistory of our dexlings with thc Kaffrs cxllibits the policy of onc Governor modified. or rcrcrsed by tho poliq- of liis succcssor, or by ordcrs from licmc ; Trcatics mndc and arbitnril1 rc..crisccl, not to say brolicn, whcn wc found thcy did not snit US: tho KntIirs brought under British rule by one Gorernor, and dccIarcc2 indcpcndcnt again by tho iicst ; lmundnrics shifted back- wards axid forivards as if we wcrc at play. !ho important wars, by the first of mliicli any opportunity for good which -iic had secured ~7.w thromn away within a year by w ciimgo of Gorcrnor and n ro-rcrml of policy; and in thc second, also, just when a satisfactoq conclusion promiscd, the Go-m.nor was recalled, operations stopped, and peacc given to tlic &ffirs who Iiad not asked for it
  • hose Chiefs who wero let into the secret went through all tho pantomime of receiving tho ucws with displmsuro and discredit, gradually coming round to believe in it: then they hilled a head or tvio of their own cattlc, and sent tho rest away to distant parts of tho conntg :
  • n they began to urge tlie pcoplc to kill their cattle, and to persecute by witch doctors and other means those who did not, sometimes resorting to murder.
  • Thc nigh Commissioner was naturally cmbnrrasscd between the two accounts. Ho vishcd, nbom a11 things, to woid a Far, and hcrc were two doctors prescribing differcut modes of treatment. HO gar0 his confidence to tho police, and requcstcd thc Commander of the Forces, n-ho was at Capo TOWD, to mom troops to thcir support. h’ox, thc country bctwecn the Kei and thc Bashee 11ad never been proclairncd British tcrritory, and the Kci was our boundary. The Commander of the Forces, therefore, wplicd that hc mas quite ~1%- pard to defcnd tho Colony, but x-ithont preparation and very definite aims and instructioiq Iic could not mow troops across our boundary to precipitate o wnr, but that ho would himself at once tako up tho rclicfs for !Satall, and if thc situation mcro really serious he conld IancI
  • Had me sct our faces against idle refugees, we should have taught tho Znlns to carry their own burden instend of taking it up for thcm, and Cetewayo might possibly hnvc bccn dispwed of by 2L2
  • n the meantime the Zdu nation, l rho liarc in reality bcen feeling for some time the tyranny of their Sorereign, pnrticnlarly on the subjcct of his mni-ringc ~R~TS, might liavc hcttlcd the. question by disposing- of him themselves. They would then hare leaned towards the British Government for counsel and support.
  • I cannot help thinking tht it \could bo a mistake
  • to makc a military body of this forcc. AS policc it lias douc cxdlcnt nlilitq scr\yicc, and thc mc11 are cngagccl to SC1.rc “ cithcr within op 6‘ bepnd t11c b0rdci-s of the Colony.” With Kaflirs, as ~ell as wliitcs, it Iuakes all tlic difference. IVhcn d luoccmcnt of police is made, it onlr bc a theft, dispute, or small disturbance, but when troops come, it is war. Tile Ofiiccrs, inorcorer, if it be made n military bodp, \\.ill be linblc to grow aborc tlic work mliicli they ha~e hitherto doilc ,yell, and thc w.vltolc corps to bcco~llc far less efficient than it used to bc.
  • Natal and the Transvaal will) I coneludc, remaiiri Crown Colonies for a considerable time, as thcrc is rcnlly not sufiicicnt English population from which a reliable Gorcrnnient could be formcd. Their iiiternal nnd external natirc policy sliould, howcwi; comc under the Gomrnor of the Cape in Couiieil, of which body the Commander of the Forces and thc Lieutcnaat-Governors of Katal, Trausranl, and Griqualand should bc crtra meinbeis. This arrangement seems desirable : 1st. To prcl-ent a rcpctition in these Colonies of that frequent cha~~gc of policy towards the iiativcs, which has done so much miscliicif in thc old Colony; and, ‘Znd, to cnsure a uniform policj- in tlic nativo question throughout tlic South African Colonics so fnr as thcir relative circum- stauces will ndniit.
    • lidya-2
      lidya-2 on 25 Apr 23
       
      The war was fought between the British colonial forces and the Zulu Kingdom, which had managed to build a powerful army that had been successful in battles against neighboring tribes.
  • ad ry. In three-fourths of Natal and Znlnland, and in the idillole of thc T~;tnsrd, mounted iufmtrj arc indispcnsnblc, IIIC~CC~, I caniiot con- cciro anything more tedious or lielplcss in tlic vast cipnnsc of tlic Transvd tcrritory, nntrarerscd RS yet JJJ- a railnvay, than n force ,,mposccl solely of infantry. In the early days of Natal, the import- Illlcc of R mounted force was so recognized, that the light company of the 45th Rcgimcnt mas mounted, and II wry smart and efficicut body JJy first keeping their distance, .?. fcW mountctl infentry can engage any niasscs of footmen, and play with them. It is tiins that dragoons llgd to be taught to lisrass a mob, and thus n handful of Dotcl U0c1-s Tlrc Zulns bad no guns, of conrsc; but, in the present war, the Zulus, with a few jnfcrior arms, arc rclativcly not in D much better Iiosition to our breech-loaders than mlien without firearms they cngngcd tho Boers, who xerc armcd with smooth-boro muzzlc-loadcrs. UuC tlio Doers were mounted, mid could kccp their distpnce
    • lidya-2
      lidya-2 on 26 Apr 23
       
      Advancements in technology have undoubtedly played a significant role in the evolution of African warfare. Before the introduction of European weaponry, indigenous Africans relied on handmade weapons made from iron, wood, and animal hides. However, the arrival of Europeans in Africa brought with them the introduction of firearms, which revolutionized the way wars were fought. The development of machine guns and artillery allowed for larger armies to be deployed and resulted in more devastating attacks on enemy forces. In the late 19th century, colonial powers would often supply their African allies with modern weaponry, giving them a significant advantage over their enemies.
  • 3hny bclicvcd because they thought that their Chiefs belicwd ; others complied through fear; others carno to me and asked if tho Gorernmcnt would protect thcm if they followed my advice
    • lidya-2
      lidya-2 on 26 Apr 23
       
      fear amongst the blacks.
  • Zululand mill, 1 apprehend, bc kept for tlie Zulus, but it should b~ governed by its own Chiefs rlndei- ow direction, to such an extent, and in sucli a manncr, as may be de- termined bj Treaty.
lidya-2

WO 327747 Overseas South Africa (Code 0(AU)) Zulu War Further Reports on Suing for Peac... - 5 views

diigo.com/0seimv

lidya demssie babore 222217401 HISTORY 2A

shared by lidya-2 on 25 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • We see from the conversation above that Dunn mentioned about the king accepting term in order to have peace but also request for firearms, evidence shows that the request for firearms is not for peace and seems also the king and his people have guns in their possession
  • Guns were traded mainly through European traders who came to South Africa in the 1800s. The Zulu people were among those who acquired guns through trade with the Europeans. During the 1800s, South Africa was colonized by various European powers, and they brought with them guns and other weapons. European traders, who often worked for these colonial powers, facilitated the trade of guns with African communities. This trade was usually done through bartering, where guns were exchanged for goods such as ivory, animal skins, and other resources. The Zulu people were one of the communities that acquired guns through this trade, and they ultimately used them to great effect in the battles they fought.
  • The le t ter sent f rom the commanding chief shows the evidence of the Zulu people having fire arms to defe at they enemy. Evidence also shows that they were ge t ting the fire arms f rom Europe militar y group, with an e xchange of tre at y for commen goal. To defe ate the Transvaal and cre ate an all ia n c e .
lidya-2

717791.pdf - 6 views

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Guns

shared by lidya-2 on 21 Apr 23 - No Cached
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