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Rather than relying on learning styles, focusing instead on metacognition can provide students with strategies that can be adapted and applied based on the learning environment and task.

A metacognitive student is aware of his or her own learning processes and adjusts these processes accordingly.

research evidence that actually training students in thinking about thinking - what scientists call metacognition - actually can work.

metacognition is, really, managing your own learning to make sure you’re actually using your brain in the most effective possible way

we are learning is that students have tremendous insights into their own learning from a very early age

What probably won't be on that list is to make a mistake -- in fact many. But it should be.

if we believe that the process of learning -- which inevitably must include the process of erring -- is just as, or more, important than getting to the correct answer.

we need to shift from a purely knowledge-based education toward a focus on skills (creativity, critical thinking, communication, and collaboration), character (mindfulness, curiosity, courage, resilience, ethics, leadership), and meta-learning (learning how to learn, growth mindset, metacognition). Schools will need to prepare students to find the intersection between these four dimensions of knowledge, skills, character, and meta-learning

The field of metacognition offers educators many techniques that are rooted in brain research, such as deliberate practice and interleaving. “But before you can even tackle these,” says Oakley, “you have to inoculate learners against the idea that they are stupid if they cannot figure things out first off. You have to teach them that faster is not always better.”

teachers can use in the classroom and share with students to help them demystify the learning process

1. The Hiker Brain vs. The Race Car Brain