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Guillaume Barreau

Des drones intelligents au secours de l'agriculture biologique - 0 views

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    Des drones intelligents au secours de l'agriculture biologique Quand les drones ne sont pas employés pour survoler des centrales nucléaires ou pour livrer des colis d'une quelconque multinationale, ils peuvent parfois trouver une utilité dans le milieu alternatif. Michael Godfrey, un jeune étudiant en agronomie de l'université du Queensland (Australie), propose une application peu commune pour ces engins : le lâcher d'insectes.
faly77

Centre Ecologique Albert Schweitzer (CEAS) - Des innovations low-tech au serv... - 0 views

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    Le CEAS collabore étroitement avec un large réseau de Hautes Ecoles et d'Universités. Ensemble, ils imaginent des techniques à même d'offrir des perspectives d'avenir aux familles, microentreprises et collectivités publiques du continent africain. Cette particularité a permis à l'ONG de capitaliser et de mettre à disposition des technologies appropriées. Dans une démarche open-source, elle souhaite mettre ces innovations à disposition de ceux qui pourraient les exploiter.
Francois Bergeron

Centre d'entrepreneurship Poly-HEC-UdeM - Nouvelles - 0 views

  • Tactus Scientific (hors concours) 1er prix, division Est de l’île de Montréal et la finale régionale de Montréal. Fondateurs : Ivan Pavlov et François Bergeron Établissement : HEC Montréal Domaine d’expertise : conception, production et commercialisation de détecteurs tactiles de mouvements de forces ultra-précis pour des applications scientifiques, médicales et industrielles.
Kurt Laitner

Inequality: Why egalitarian societies died out - opinion - 30 July 2012 - New Scientist - 0 views

  • FOR 5000 years, humans have grown accustomed to living in societies dominated by the privileged few. But it wasn't always this way. For tens of thousands of years, egalitarian hunter-gatherer societies were widespread. And as a large body of anthropological research shows, long before we organised ourselves into hierarchies of wealth, social status and power, these groups rigorously enforced norms that prevented any individual or group from acquiring more status, authority or resources than others.*
  • How, then, did we arrive in the age of institutionalised inequality? That has been debated for centuries. Philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau reasoned in 1754 that inequality was rooted in the introduction of private property. In the mid-19th century, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels focused on capitalism and its relation to class struggle. By the late 19th century, social Darwinists claimed that a society split along class lines reflected the natural order of things - as British philosopher Herbert Spencer put it, "the survival of the fittest". (Even into the 1980s there were some anthropologists who held this to be true - arguing that dictators' success was purely Darwinian, providing estimates of the large numbers of offspring sired by the rulers of various despotic societies as support.)
  • But by the mid-20th century a new theory began to dominate. Anthropologists including Julian Steward, Leslie White and Robert Carneiro offered slightly different versions of the following story: population growth meant we needed more food, so we turned to agriculture, which led to surplus and the need for managers and specialised roles, which in turn led to corresponding social classes.
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  • One line of reasoning suggests that self-aggrandising individuals who lived in lands of plenty ascended the social ranks by exploiting their surplus - first through feasts or gift-giving, and later by outright dominance
  • At the group level, argue anthropologists Peter Richerson and Robert Boyd, improved coordination and division of labour allowed more complex societies to outcompete the simpler, more equal societies
  • From a mechanistic perspective, others argued that once inequality took hold - as when uneven resource-distribution benefited one family more than others - it simply became ever more entrenched. The advent of agriculture and trade resulted in private property, inheritance, and larger trade networks, which perpetuated and compounded economic advantages.
  • Many theories about the spread of stratified society begin with the idea that inequality is somehow a beneficial cultural trait that imparts efficiencies, motivates innovation and increases the likelihood of survival. But what if the opposite were true?
  • In a demographic simulation that Omkar Deshpande, Marcus Feldman and I conducted at Stanford University, California, we found that, rather than imparting advantages to the group, unequal access to resources is inherently destabilising and greatly raises the chance of group extinction in stable environments.
  • Counterintuitively, the fact that inequality was so destabilising caused these societies to spread by creating an incentive to migrate in search of further resources. The rules in our simulation did not allow for migration to already-occupied locations, but it was clear that this would have happened in the real world, leading to conquests of the more stable egalitarian societies - exactly what we see as we look back in history.
  • In other words, inequality did not spread from group to group because it is an inherently better system for survival, but because it creates demographic instability, which drives migration and conflict and leads to the cultural - or physical - extinction of egalitarian societies.
  • Egalitarian societies may have fostered selection on a group level for cooperation, altruism and low fertility (which leads to a more stable population), while inequality might exacerbate selection on an individual level for high fertility, competition, aggression, social climbing and other selfish traits.
Tiberius Brastaviceanu

Protofacturing - Your one stop colour rapid prototyping service bureau, featuring 3DP S... - 0 views

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    CNC and eD printing, prototyping, they are known to be fast
Francois Bergeron

NovaCentris - Kit de détection rapide pour le dépistage de bactéries pathogèn... - 0 views

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    someone who is lookuing for collaboration to adapt a kit to comply the Space Station
Tiberius Brastaviceanu

http://www.iao.fraunhofer.de/images/iao-news/studie_managing_open-innovation.pdf - 0 views

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    Paper on open innovation - survey and conclusions. The definition of open innovation is quite large. The study focuses on traditional businesses.
Kurt Laitner

Between Copyleft and Copyfarleft: Advance reciprocity for the commons » Journ... - 0 views

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    "Miguel Said Vieira & Primavera De Filippi"
Tiberius Brastaviceanu

Chantier de l'Économie sociale : Le Chantier de l'économie sociale - 0 views

mayssamd

Operating system - PREMIUM COLLECTIVE - 4 views

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    Unfortunately this organization seems to be dead or sleeping. Twitter activity stopped in 2001, Facebook page is not loading and the Wiki front page has been last updated in 2017 I PROPOSE TO DELETE THE "IoPA" TAG = taking this out of the IoPA collection but keeping it on Diigo for other purposes.
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