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Daryl Bambic

The Role of Socratic Questioning in Thinking, Teac - 0 views

www.criticalthinking.org/...522

questioning Socratic thinking Critical Thinking pft

shared by Daryl Bambic on 15 Jan 15 - No Cached
  • answers can be taught separate from question
  • Hence every declarative statement in the textbook is an answer to a question. Hence, every textbook could be rewritten in the interrogative mode by translating every statement into a question.
  • thinking is not driven by answers but by questions
  • ...20 more annotations...
  • Questions define tasks, express problems and delineate issues. Answers on the other hand, often signal a full stop in thought.
  • Moreover, the quality of the questions students ask determines the quality of the thinking they are doing.
  • That is, we ask questions only to get thought-stopping answers, not to generate further questions.
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 15 Jan 15
       
      Another good reason to teach philosophy.
  • force us to deal with complexity.
  • Questions of implication force us to follow out where our thinking is going
  • purpose force
  • nformatio
  • nterpretation
  • Questions of assumption
  • point of view
  • relevance
  • ccuracy
  • precision
  • consistency
  • No questions equals no understanding.
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 15 Jan 15
       
      Do you agree with this statement?
  • There is a special relationship between critical thinking and Socratic Questioning because both share a common end. Critical thinking gives one a comprehensive view of how the mind functions (in its pursuit of meaning and truth), and Socratic Questioning takes advantage of that overview to frame questions essential to the quality of that pursuit.
  • pre-thinking the main question to be discussed using the approach of developing prior question
  • list of questions which probe the logic of the first question,
Daryl Bambic

Dangerously Irrelevant | Ruminations on technology, leadership and the future... - 0 views

dangerouslyirrelevant.org

objectivity subjectivity

shared by Daryl Bambic on 27 Sep 10 - Cached
  • "The learning of a dead subject requires a technical act of carving the knowledge into teachable bites so that they can be fed to the students one at a time by a teacher, and this leads straight into the traditional paraphernalia of curriculum, hierarchy, and control." The standards movement also narrows the curriculum immensely and in its comprehensive inclusion of benchmarks that need to be taught eliminates an infinite number of types of learning to occur or subjects to be examined.
  • I simply cannot escape the question: Why that millionth in particular?" Seymour Papert (1993)
  • "The planning of new educational systems...must not start with the question, 'What should someone learn,' but the question, 'What kind of things and people might learners want to be in contact with in order to learn?'" Ivan Illich (1970)
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • "The capability of banking education to minimize or annul the students' creative power and to stimulate their credulity serves the interests of the oppressors, who care neither to have the world revealed nor to see it transformed." Paulo Freire (1970)
  • The truth is we have internalized this struggle between subjective values and objective assessment.
Daryl Bambic

The Internet Classics Archive | Symposium by Plato - 14 views

classics.mit.edu/...symposium.html

shared by Daryl Bambic on 05 Feb 15 - Cached
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 05 Feb 15
       
      Context: The group is deciding how they will drink given the excessive partying from the previous night.
    • Nick Adoranti
      Nick Adoranti on 05 Feb 15
       
      Hiya
    • Eric Bensoussan
      Eric Bensoussan on 05 Feb 15
       
      Im surprised that philosophers drank so much
    • hebaali1998
      hebaali1998 on 05 Feb 15
       
      How can you have a philosophical conversation while being intoxicated? 
  • entirely has this great deity been neglected." Now in this Phaedrus seems to me to be quite right, and therefore I want to offer him a contribution; also I think that at the present moment we who are here assembled cannot do better than honour the. god Love
  • Let Phaedrus begin the praise of Love,
  • ...100 more annotations...
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 05 Feb 15
       
      The dinner party decides they are going to take turn giving speeches in praise of Love.
  • Love is the eldest and noblest and mightiest of the gods; and the chiefest author and giver of virtue in life, and of happiness after death.
  • Phaedrus
  • encouragement which all the world gives to the lover;
  • Such is the entire liberty which gods and men have allowed the lover, according to the custom which prevails in our part of the world.
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 05 Feb 15
       
      We have a custom of forgiving unreasonable behaviour when people are in love.
  • Evil is the vulgar lover who loves the body rather than the soul, inasmuch as he is not even stable, because he loves a thing which is in itself unstable, and therefore when the bloom of youth which he was desiring is over, he takes wing and flies away, in spite of all his words and promises; whereas the love of the noble disposition is life-long, for it becomes one with the everlasting
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 05 Feb 15
       
      Basically, he said that people who love for physical attraction and evil and vulgar because their love is cheap and disappear when youth's beauty fades.
  • Pausanias
  • Eryximachus
  • rightly distinguished two kinds of love
  • harmony is composed of differing notes
  • harmonious love of one another and blend in temperance and harmony,
  • Aristophanes
  • Mankind; he said, judging by their neglect of him, have never, as I think, at all understood the power of Love
  • original human nature was not like the present, but different. The sexes were not two as they are now, but originally three in number; there was man, woman, and the union of the two, having a name corresponding to this double nature, which had once a real existence, but is now lost, and the word "Androgynous
  • sexes were three, and such as I have described them; because the sun, moon, and earth are three;
  • will restore us to our original state, and heal us and make us happy and blessed.
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 05 Feb 15
       
      Love is about finding our true nature in another and in so doing, becoming whole.
  • Agathon
  • ut I would rather praise the god first, and then speak of his gifts; this is always the right way of praising everything.
  • flexibility and symmetry of form
  • beauty of the god
  • virtue I have now to speak: his greatest glory is that he can neither do nor suffer wrong to or from any god or any man
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 05 Feb 15
       
      Love cannot be forced as it is an act of freedom.
  • ll men in all things serve him of their own free will, and where there is voluntary agreement
  • courage and justice and temperance I have spoken, but I have yet to speak of his wisdom-
  • for I do not praise in that way; no, indeed, I cannot. But if you like to here the truth about love, I am ready to speak in my own manner, though I will not make myself ridiculous by entering into any rivalry with you. Say then, Phaedrus, whether you would like, to have the truth about love, spoken in any words and in any order which may happen to come into my mind at the time. Will that be agreeable to you?
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 05 Feb 15
       
      Socrates here says that he cannot praise Love the way Phaedrus does (because he said it all and laid all manner of claims of Love). 
  • Socrates then proceeded as follows:-
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 05 Feb 15
       
      An example of the famous Socratic method is about to unfold...
  • Is Love of something or of nothing?
  • The inference that he who desires something is in want of something, and that he who desires nothing is in want of nothing, is in my judgment,
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 05 Feb 15
       
      Socrates gets Agathon to agree with his claim that we desire that which we don't possess OR that which we are not.
  • nd yet, added Socrates, if a man being strong desired to be strong, or being swift desired to be swift, or being healthy desired to be healthy, in that case he might be thought to desire something which he already has or is. I give the example in order that we may avoid misconception. For the possessors of these qualities, Agathon, must be supposed to have their respective advantages at the time, whether they choose or not; and who can desire that which he has? Therefore when a person says, I am well and wish to be well, or I am rich and wish to be rich, and I desire simply to have what I have-to him we shall reply: "You, my friend, having wealth and health and strength, want to have the continuance of them; for at this moment, whether you choose or no, you have them. And when you say, I desire that which I have and nothing else, is not your meaning that you want to have what you now have in the future?
  • Then he and every one who desires, desires that which he has not already, and which is future and not present, and which he has not, and is not, and of which he is in want;
  • First, is not love of something, and of something too which is wanting to a man
  • Love is the love of beauty and not of deformity
  • Then Love wants and has not beauty?
  • Is not the good also the beautiful?
  • Then in wanting the beautiful, love wants also the good?
  • Diotima of Mantineia
  • Love was neither fair nor good.
  • is love then evil and foul?
  • must that be foul which is not fair?
  • And is that which is not wise, ignoran
  • a mean between wisdom and ignorance?
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 05 Feb 15
       
      Diotima shows Socrates that there is a mid point between extremes; she avoids the 'either-or' trap.
  • ou also deny the divinity of Love.
  • What then is Love?" I asked; "Is he mortal?
  • he is neither mortal nor immortal, but in a mean between the two." "What is he, Diotima?" "He is a great spirit (daimon),
  • e interprets," she replied, "between gods and men
  • For God mingles not with man; but through Love
  • god Poros or Plenty
  • son of Metis or Discretion
  • Poverty,
  • always poor
  • nything but tender and fai
  • rough and squalid
  • no shoes, nor a house to dwell in;
  • is always in distress.
  • But that which is always flowing in is always flowing out, and so he is never in want and never in wealth;
  • he is in a mean between ignorance and knowledge. The truth of the matter is this
  • god is a philosopher. or seeker after wisdom, for he is wise already;
  • neither good nor wise is nevertheless satisfied with himself: he has no desire for that of which he feels no want."
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 05 Feb 15
       
      He who is neither 'good nor wise' is satisfied with himself because he does not desire that which he is not aware that he lacks.
  • ho then, Diotima," I said, "are the lovers of wisdom, if they are neither the wise nor the foolish?" "A child may answer that question," she replied; "they are those who are in a mean between the two; Love is one of them.
  • what is the use of him to men?
  • of the beautiful. But some one will say: Of the beautiful in what, Socrates and Diotima?-or rather let me put the question more dearly, and ask: When a man loves the beautiful, what does he desire?
  • hat the beautiful may be h
  • rther questio
  • Let me put the word 'good' in the place of the beautiful, and repeat the question once more: If he who loves good, what is it then that he loves?
  • And what does he gain who possesses the good
  • generally as the love of the everlasting possession of the good?" "That is most true."
  • "Then if this be the nature of love, can you tell me further," she said, "what is the manner of the pursuit? what are they doing who show all this eagerness and heat which is called love? and what is the object which they have in view?
  • hat all men are bringing to the birth in their bodies and in their souls.
  • onception and generation are an immortal principle in the mortal creature, and in the inharmonious they can never be.
  • The love of generation and of birth in beauty."
  • mortal creature, generation is a sort of eternity and immortality
  • love is of the everlasting possession of the good, all men will necessarily desire immortality together with good: Wherefore love is of immortality."
  • hy should animals have these passionate feeling
  • Marvel not," she said, "if you believe that love is of the immortal, as we have several times acknowledged; for here again, and on the same principle too, the mortal nature is seeking as far as is possible to be everlasting and immortal: and this is only to be attained by generation, because generation always leaves behind a new existence in the place of the old.
  • Marvel not then at the love which all men have of their offspring; for that universal love and interest is for the sake of immortality."
  • even to die, for the sake of leaving behind them a name which shall be eternal.
  • will preserve their memory and giving them the blessedness and immortality
  • But souls which are pregnant-for there certainly are men who are more creative in their souls than in their bodies conceive that which is proper for the soul to conceive or contain. And what are these conceptions?-wisdom and virtue in general.
  • oets and all artists
  • temperance and justice
  • he who would proceed aright in this matter should begin in youth to visit beautiful forms; and first, if he be guided by his instructor aright, to love one such form only-out of that he should create fair thoughts; and soon he will of himself perceive that the beauty of one form is akin to the beauty of another; and then if beauty of form in general is his pursuit, how foolish would he be not to recognize that the beauty in every form is and the same!
  • become a lover of all beautiful form
  • beauty of the mind is more honourable than the beauty of the outward form.
  • birth thoughts
  • mprove the youn
  • beauty of institutions and laws,
  • and that the beauty of them all is of one famil
  • ersonal beauty is a trifle;
  • sciences, tha
  • who has learned to see the beautiful in due order and succession,
  • oward the end will suddenly perceive a nature of wondrous beauty
  • everlasting,
  • rowing and decaying, or waxing and waning; s
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 05 Feb 15
       
      At the end of life, the one who has pursued beauty will perceive its true eternal nature.
  • not fair in one point of view and foul in another
  • ut beauty absolute, separate, simple, and everlasting, which without diminution and without increase, or any change,
  • begins to perceive that beauty, is not far from the end.
  • And the true order of going, or being led by another, to the things of love, is to begin from the beauties of earth and mount upwards for the sake of that other beauty, using these as steps only, and from one going on to two, and from two to all fair forms, and from fair forms to fair practices, and from fair practices to fair notions, until from fair notions he arrives at the notion of absolute beauty, and at last knows what the essence of beauty is.
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 05 Feb 15
       
      The true order of discovering love and beauty; first of the body and the individual and then ascending upwards to the idea of absolute beauty itself.
  • beholding beauty with the eye of the mind, he will be enabled to bring forth, not images of beauty, but realities (for he has hold not of an image but of a reality), and bringing forth and nourishing true virtue to become the friend of God and be immortal, if mortal man may. Would that be an ignoble life?"
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 05 Feb 15
       
      Beholding beauty with the eye of the mind.
  • nature of Love first
  • Whether love is the love of something or of nothing?
  • whether Love desires that of which love is.
Daryl Bambic

Conversation: Nicholas Carr's 'The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains' ... - 0 views

www.pbs.org/...et-is-doing-to-our-brains.html

the_shallows nicholas carr internet brains

shared by Daryl Bambic on 22 Jan 12 - No Cached
  • Daryl Bambic on 22 Jan 12
     
    Use this video interview to ask the questions and uncover assumptions about intelligence.
Mason Brenhouse

UN Investigator Urges Probe of Alleged US Torture | CommonDreams.org - 1 views

www.commondreams.org/...27-2

torture philosophy UN

shared by Mason Brenhouse on 02 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • Nowak, an Austrian human rights lawyer who has been U.N. special rapporteur on torture for six years, called for an investigation of all allegations of U.S. torture and collusion with states that use torture since the fight against militants began in earnest after the Sept. 11 attacks in 2001.
  • Nowak also reiterated calls by him and other U.N. officials for the Obama administration to investigate reports from reams of leaked military documents showing U.S. troops killed Iraqi civilians or ignored prisoner abuse by Iraqis.
  • "What we need is a full investigation into torture practices by U.S. officials -- whether it's military officials, CIA officials or private security companies," he said, adding it should include those "who willingly and knowingly handed over detainees to other states" that torture. An ideal probe, Nowak said, would be conducted by a special prosecutor or panel of international experts.
  • Mason Brenhouse on 02 Nov 10
     
    Changes in the US torture policies. An Austrian human rights lawyer named Manfred Nowak works for the U.N. as a special rapporteur and has been doing so for six years. Nowak wants to have a full scale investigation done on what exactly is happening regarding their policies on torture. He questions exactly what the Obama administration is doing and hopes for an investigation. 
  • Kelsey Adams on 03 Nov 10
     
    I am so happy you found this information because after reading how U.S troops killed iraqi civilians and ignored prisoner abuse, I was in total shock. Nowak is doing a great thing fighting for the rights of humans because no one deserves torture, it only makes matters worse.
  • Ali Goldman on 03 Nov 10
     
    Manfred Nowak is trying to accomplish an amazing task and I greatly agree with what he is doing. I hope that this investigation happens regarding the policies of torture. Hopefully was can also see what Obama's administration is doing. Torture is never the answer.
Daryl Bambic

Damon Horowitz calls for a "moral operating system" | Video on TED.com - 0 views

www.ted.com/...damon_horowitz.html

damon_horowitz humanities technology

shared by Daryl Bambic on 30 Jul 11 - No Cached
  • Daryl Bambic on 30 Jul 11
     
    Where technology and moral questions collide
Jordyn Shell

Israel's Ultra-Orthodox Problem - The Daily Beast - 0 views

www.thedailybeast.com/...-s-ultra-orthodox-problem.html

shared by Jordyn Shell on 09 May 12 - No Cached
  • Rachel Weinstein calls it her Rosa Parks moment
  • an ultra-Orthodox passenger directed her to the back of the bus where, she noticed, the women were sitting separately
    • Jordyn Shell
      Jordyn Shell on 09 May 12
       
      The 'norm' for the Orthodox Jews, women sit separately from men
  • “He was actually addressing my husband, who boarded with me,”
  • ...11 more annotations...
  • “He wouldn’t even talk to me.”
  • the most theologically rigid of Judaism’s denominations
    • Jordyn Shell
      Jordyn Shell on 09 May 12
       
      Definition of who are the 'Orthodox Jews'....
  • Instead of complying, Weinstein took a seat several rows behind the driver and held her ground, channeling the spirit of that American civil-rights icon from more than a half century ago
    • Jordyn Shell
      Jordyn Shell on 09 May 12
       
      Comparing the situation to Rosa Parks' situation
  • some ultra-Orthodox Jews have tried to impose a kind of communal piety—a strict code of behavior that includes gender segregation on buses, with men in the front and women in the back
    • Jordyn Shell
      Jordyn Shell on 09 May 12
       
      What would we call this? A kind of 'segregation' maybe?
  • Once a tiny minority, ultra-Orthodox Jews—also known as Haredim—now make up more than 10 percent of Israel’s population and 21 percent of all primary-school students. With the community’s fertility rate hovering at more than three times that of other Israeli Jews, demographers project that by 2034, about one in five Israelis will be ultra-Orthodox
    • Jordyn Shell
      Jordyn Shell on 09 May 12
       
      Who are the 'Haredim'?
  • another Haredi preoccupation that has stirred tensions across Israel
  • lack the skills to work in a modern economy, having studied little or no math and science beyond primary school
    • Jordyn Shell
      Jordyn Shell on 09 May 12
       
      Issue with the Orthodox Jews come from the 'education' aspect of society
  • The country’s political landscape will also shift
  • Haredim are consistently hawkish on the question of territorial compromise with the Palestinians, citing God’s covenant with Abraham granting Jews the land of Israel.
  • So how did the Haredim become Israel’s latest demographic worry?
  • Among other things, he agreed to Army exemptions for 18-year-old Haredim who wished to continue studying at religious seminaries instead of being called to serve.
  • Jordyn Shell on 09 May 12
     
    Orthodox Jews
Daryl Bambic

A BRIEF OVERVIEW OF PLATONISM « Studying the Humanities - 0 views

studyingthehumanities.wordpress.com/...a-brief-overview-of-platonism

plato

shared by Daryl Bambic on 20 Mar 14 - No Cached
  • Plato’s philosophy has lasted “almost two and a half thousand years” and has “profoundly influenced”
  • allegorical ‘Myth of the Cave’
  • rying to explain how the appearance of things and the reality that stands behind these appearances work within the human condition”
  • ...7 more annotations...
  • aises questions on the nature of education and enlightenmen
  • ndividual perceptions create the lived reality
  • Our perceptions create our reality
  • light can “pain the eyes
  • deception of the shadows”
  • en (sic) lacking education would come to believe that the shadows they see are the real thing
  • Plato optimistically holds that if one ever comes to know the Good, one becomes good. Ignorance is the only sin. No one would willingly do wrong
Kelsey Adams

The Animal Rights View - 2 views

www.furcommission.com/...rights.htm

shared by Kelsey Adams on 23 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • The capacity for suffering is a prerequisite for having interests at all, a condition that must be met before we can speak of rights.
  • In both the historic and modern views of animal rights, the key point is "sentience," or the capacity to experience pain or pleasur
  • In the animal rights view, if a being is capable of suffering, there can be no moral justification for refusing to take that suffering into consideration.
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • They don't have to speak a word. Screaming, writhing about, crying and other behavior tells us they are in pain. We see the same sort of behavior in animals.
  • Kelsey Adams on 23 Nov 10
     
    This website gives us the utilitarian point of view on how animal cruelty and their use as resource is continuously horrid. Jeremy Bentham said that as long as a being is capable of suffering, then there can be no moral justification for refusing to take that suffering into consideration. He said that the question is not can animals reason but do animals suffer?
  • Daryl Bambic on 24 Nov 10
     
    Highlight an important part(s) of the website for your team to read.
  • vince chatigny-barbosa on 05 Dec 10
     
    What affects us the most in our society: Suffering of a infant or the suffering of an animal? Obviously, we would rather an animal suffer opposed to an infant. If someone has to suffer, it should be animals because it the extreme is outrageous.
sydney goldman

why taxation makes sense - 0 views

identitycheck-anok.blogspot.com/...s-taxation-actually-theft.html

taxation

shared by sydney goldman on 30 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • sydney goldman on 30 Nov 10
     
    This site shows the alternative to taxes and how our tax system is a lot more convenient at a local level. Anok (the blog writer) makes a point to explain that even without government we would still need some form of taxes and answer the much asked question "is taxation theft?".
Mason Brenhouse

Taxation is Theft Because it's Involuntary and Permanently Denies People their Property... - 1 views

georgedonnelly.com/...taxation-is-theft

taxation theft is philosophy

shared by Mason Brenhouse on 26 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • Taxation is theft because it is the use of aggression to deny another person their property. It doesn’t matter what their property is to be used for or what complicated arguments are made to justify it. Taxation is involuntary and it results in a person’s property being permanently taken. This is all that is necessary for our thesis to be proven.
  • Yet others will claim that taxes are payment for those services government provides. What if one doesn’t want those services? What if they are substandard? There are no answers to these questions because these alleged services are provided involuntarily. You can hardly call that a voluntary arrangement.
  • Taxation is theft because it involves a first use of violence in order to permanently acquire someone else’s property. State apologists may make excuses or wild conjecture in a vain attempt to justify this theft. But the fact remains that is theft. The only valid way to acquire someone else’s property is through voluntary interaction. Taxation is involuntary.
  • Mason Brenhouse on 26 Nov 10
     
    This is an article that has several points as to why taxation is theft. Firstly, taxation is theft because it is the use of aggression to deny another person their property.This is because it involves the use of violence in order to permanently acquire someone else's property. As we know, taxes are used in order to give certain services to citizens. However, what if these citizens do not want these services? This is why taxation is considered theft. 
  • Ali Goldman on 08 Dec 10
     
    I think that this is a very good website because it shows that taxation is theft because it is taking away someones property. I also like the point that shows how it uses violence and how some people do not want the services that are provided from paying taxes.
Ali Goldman

Problems with Taxes - 0 views

www.vermonttiger.com/...problems-with-t.html

shared by Ali Goldman on 24 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • Ali Goldman on 24 Nov 10
     
    This website shows a study on the taxes that people need to pay. This study took into consideration the income levels of people and how taxes can be a big problem for many people.
  • Daryl Bambic on 30 Nov 10
     
    Credibility is in question on this one. The site maintains that Vermont is fairer in its taxation. How will this support your side?
steven bloom

Animals share everything with us why not rights - 2 views

www.megaessays.com/...27604.html

shared by steven bloom on 03 Dec 10 - No Cached
  • steven bloom on 03 Dec 10
     
    This website just talks our two main principle life and liberty. This website also says that since we have been sharing the earth with all these creatures over many years then they have the right to live also. This is actually an argumentitive essay and if you sign up to the website you will bbe able to see teh whole essay and all his points
  • Daryl Bambic on 03 Dec 10
     
    This website's credibility is questionable. Please don't put too much stock in this.
  • vince chatigny-barbosa on 05 Dec 10
     
    What the website fails to mention is that nature is composed of food chains. The top of the food chain are smart/stronger and therefore are superior. We are also part of a food chain. Thanks to our superior intelligence and technology, we are therefore superior.
mira ahmad

Why teens are prone to drug addiction - The Times of India - 2 views

timesofindia.indiatimes.com/...7372717.cms

Psychology

shared by mira ahmad on 01 Feb 11 - No Cached
  • why adolescents are more vulnerable to drug addiction, behavioural disorders, and other psychological ills.
  • adolescent brains react to rewards with far greater excitement than adult brains.
  • a greater degree of disorganization in adolescent brains.
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • At the time of reward, nearly one-third of adolescent neurons became excited (shown in red) though the level of inhibition (in blue) changed marginally. Adult neurons registered much higher inhibitory activity and less excitation.
  • The extreme difference in brain activity provides a possible physiological explanation as to why teenagers are more prone than adults to rash behaviour, addiction, and mental diseases
  • The type of erratic activity in the cortex that she and Sturman observed could aggravate these conditions at a time when the maturing brain is vulnerable.
  • "This could intensify the effect of reward on decision making and answer several questions regarding adolescent behaviour,
Daryl Bambic

Russell, Bertrand: Ethics [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy] - 0 views

www.iep.utm.edu/russ-eth

russell ethics

shared by Daryl Bambic on 02 Apr 14 - No Cached
  • Russell’s view is that the good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge
  • neither love without knowledge
  • knowledge without love
  • ...24 more annotations...
  • but love is in a sense more fundamental, since it will lead intelligent people to seek knowledge in order to find out how to benefit those whom they love.
  • “scientific knowledge and knowledge of particular facts.”
  • All moral rules must be tested by examining whether they tend to realize ends that we desire.”(374)
  • In his youth, Russell took the utilitarian view that the “happiness of mankind should be the aim of all actions”
  • dignity of which human existence is capable is not attainable by “devotion to the mechanism of life”, and that unless the contemplation of “eternal things” is preserved, humankind will become “no better than well-fed pigs.”
  • He believed that (1) “good” is the most fundamental ethical concept and (2) that “good” is indefinable
  • a priori certain propositions about the kind of things that are good on their own account.
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 02 Apr 14
       
      A priori meaning without empirical evidence, from reason and logic.
  • Russell, on the other hand, gives no such list of things which are good in themselves,
  • regard consequences or results as of vital importance for judging an action as right or wrong. In other words both are teleologists or consequentialists, like the utilitarians.
  • mpact of the First World War, which Russell passionately opposed
  • of human passions similar to that of psychoanalysts. Russell started believing that fundamental facts “in all ethical questions are feelings”, (Russell 1917, 19) and that impulse has more effect in moulding human lives than conscious purpose.
  • d we ought to act so as to maximize the balance of happiness over unhappiness in the world, and says: “I should not myself regard happiness as an adequate definition of the good, but I should agree that conduct ought to be judged by its consequences.”
  • According to him, once “good” is defined, the rest of ethics follows:
  • According to Russell, when we assert that this or that has value, we are giving expression to our emotions, not to a fact which would still be true if our personal feelings were different.
  • he first of these sentences, which may be true or false, does not, says Russell, belong to ethics but to psychology or biography
  • he second sentence which does belong to ethics, expresses a desire for something, but asserts nothing; and since it asserts nothing it is logically impossible that there should be evidence for or against it, or for it to possess either truth or falsehood.
  • Russell adopts as his guiding principle David Hume’s maxim that “Reason is, and ought, only to be the slave of the passions.
  • esires, emotions or passions
  • nly possible causes of action. Reason is not a cause of action but only a regulator.
  • The world that I should wish to see,” says Russell, ‘is one where emotions are strong but not destructive, and where, because they are acknowledged, they lead to no deception either of oneself or of others. Such a world would include love and friendship and the pursuit of art and knowledge.” (11)
  • esires are not “irrational” just because we cannot give any reason for them.
  • wondering once again whether there is such a thing as ethical knowledge.
  • since it must involve appeal to the majority,
Daryl Bambic

The Shrinking World of Ideas - The Chronicle Review - The Chronicle of Higher Education - 0 views

chronicle.com/...150141

ideas neuroscience

shared by Daryl Bambic on 25 Nov 14 - No Cached
  • To put it in the most basic terms: Our preferences, behaviors, tropes, and thoughts—the very stuff of consciousness—are byproducts of the brain’s activity. And once we map the electrochemical impulses that shoot between our neurons, we should be able to understand—well, everything. So every discipline becomes implicitly a neurodiscipline, including ethics, aesthetics, musicology, theology, literature, whatever.
  • If all behavior has an electrochemical component, then in what sense—psychological, legal, moral—is a person responsible for his actions?
  • neuroscience has put a new spin on free will and culpability:
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • all behavior is mechanical,
  • back to forces beyond the agent’s control."
  • British philosopher Roger Scruton
  • xception to the notion that neuroscience can explain us to ourselve
  • Sally Satel and Scott O. Lilienfeld’s Brainwashed: The Seductive Appeal of Mindless Neuroscience
  • The same questions that always intrigued us—What is justice? What is the good life? What is morally valid? What is free will?
  • neurohumanities
  • Now that psychoanalytic, Marxist, and literary theory have fallen from grace, neuroscience and evolutionary biology can step up
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 25 Nov 14
       
      This is the heart of it.
Daryl Bambic

Komar and Melamid: The Artists and the Project - 0 views

awp.diaart.org/intro.html

art dutton project

shared by Daryl Bambic on 17 Feb 15 - No Cached
  • In an age where opinion polls and market research invade almost every aspect of our "democratic/consumer" society (with the notable exception of art), Komar and Melamid's project poses relevant questions that an art-interested public, and society in general often fail to ask: What would art look like if it were to please the greatest number of people? Or conversely: What kind of culture is produced by a society that lives and governs itself by opinion polls?
  • discover what a true "people's art"
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