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Les FabLabs sont-ils des espaces publics ? de part leur concept de "lieu ouvert à tous". Quant est-il du développement de l'industrie manufacturière avec le développement des FabLabs et des mouvement maker, Dans une vision de changement, réparation et réappropriation mondiale ?

While the quest for innovation as a source of future growth is a minimum common factor, among local and global enterprises, scholars and practitioners are yet to determine a common or universal definition of innovation: in fact because of the lack of consensus on the dimensions and measures characterizing innovation, we do mean different concepts when referring to innovation. However there are elements we almost all agree on: - See more at: http://www.innovationexcellence.com/blog/2014/02/28/beyond-open-innovation-co-innovation/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+business-strategy-innovation+%28Innovation+Excellence%29#sthash.6qgkrCxY.dpuf

"This report reviews the current state of innovation in financial services and the need for banks to embrace innovation as a key element in addressing the challenge of continuing disruptive change in technology and consumer habits.The document also introduces the concept of Open Innovation and its most common practices and discusses opportunities for financial services organisations to adopt innovation in the corporate environment. "

3. Open Innovation The concept was developed prior to and first published in 2003 (H. W. Chesbrough 2003), and it is based on a multi-agent relationship, where the internal R&D is complemented by a Connect and Develop function (Lee, Olson, and Trimi 2012) to establish and maintain relationship with the external world...

L'Open Innovation, concept adopté par les entreprises qui intègrent des parties prenantes internes et externes dans leur processus d'innovation, apporte notamment une réponse aux enjeux d'une innovation particulièrement contrainte depuis quelques années.

In the report we explore these aspects of open innovation practices. The point of departure is the current notion of open innovation and the subsequent attempts made at transforming this firm-level management concept into more global perspectives on innovation and growth. While contributing to a more nuanced theoretical conceptualisation of open innovation, our main contribution is the large-scale empirical analysis (130,000 firms from 22 European countries) of open innovation impacts and determinants which have been conducted based on the pan-European Community Innovation Survey. In light of this material, an extensive survey of current and relevant policy measures is provided. The overall aim of the conceptual, empirical, and policy components of the report is to promote the emergence of a new policy discussion in the area of open innovation.