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The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Exploratory/Developmental Grant (R21) funding opportunity supports the development of new research activities in categorical program areas. The R21 activity code is intended to encourage exploratory and developmental research projects by providing support for the early and conceptual stages of these projects. These studies may involve considerable risk but may lead to a breakthrough in a particular area, or to the development of novel techniques, agents, methodologies, models, or applications that could have a major impact on a field of biomedical, behavioral, or clinical research.

Proposed fellowships must fit the Grant Foundation's research interests. The foundation currently supports research to understand and improve the everyday settings of youth in the United States. Specifically, the foundation funds studies that enhance the understanding of how youth settings work, how they affect youth development, and how they can be improved; and when, how, and under what conditions research evidence is used in policy and practice that affect youth, and how its use can be improved.

This FOA is intended to encourage exploratory studies to : (1) increase our understanding of how music affects the brain, body, and behavior and (2) use that knowledge to develop evidence-based music interventions to enhance health or treat specific diseases and disorders.  Proposed R21 projects can investigate how music is processed by or modifies the brain, or how it affects specific biological functions during childhood development and learning, adulthood, and aging.  Projects can also include preliminary interventions that provide a basis for therapeutic interventions. When appropriate, collaborations among basic researchers, technology developers, music intervention experts, or other clinical researchers are highly encouraged.

The NIEHS and partnering Institutes and Centers are establishing an infrastructure, the Human Health Exposure Analysis Resource (HHEAR) as a continuation of the Children's Health Exposure Analysis Resource (CHEAR). The goal of this consortium is to provide the research community access to laboratory and statistical analyses to add or expand the inclusion of environmental exposures in their research and to make that data publicly available as a means to improve our knowledge of the comprehensive effects of environmental exposures on human health throughout the life course. This FOA solicits Laboratories (Lab Hubs) that can provide comprehensive measurement of the exposome using untargeted approaches (such as metabolomics using libraries enriched for environmental exposure biomarkers) for biological samples derived from extant or ongoing human health studies in the NIH extramural research community. Each Hub will incorporate an administrative core and a developmental core to improve the ability of untargeted platform to detect a wide range of environmental exposures and endogenous changes in response to environmental influences in a variety of biological matrices.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC) is soliciting investigator-initiated research that will help expand and advance our understanding about what works to prevent violence that impacts children and youth, collectively referred to as Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), including child abuse and neglect, teen dating violence, sexual violence, youth violence, and exposure to adult intimate partner violence. This initiative is intended to support the evaluation of primary prevention strategies, programs, or policies that target universal or selected high-risk populations (i.e., populations that have one or more risk factors that place them at heightened risk for perpetration of violence). Funds are available to conduct such studies focused on preventing child abuse and neglect and at least one other form of violence affecting children and youth, including teen dating violence, sexual violence, youth violence and exposure to adult intimate partner violence as detailed elsewhere in this announcement.

The National Academy of Education works to advance high-quality education research and its use in policy formation and practice. Founded in 1965, the academy comprises members in the United States and foreign associates who are elected on the basis of outstanding scholarship related to education. Since its establishment, NAEd has undertaken research studies that address pressing issues in education conducted by its members and other scholars with relevant expertise. As part of that mission, the NAEd/Spencer Postdoctoral Fellowship Program supports early-career scholars working in critical areas of education research. The non-residential postdoctoral fellowship funds proposals with the potential to make significant scholarly contributions to the field of education. The program also aims to develop the careers of its recipients through professional development activities involving National Academy of Education members. Fellows receive $70,000 for one academic year of research, or $35,000 for each of two contiguous years working half-time, and are included in professional development retreats with other fellows and NAEd members. The program is open to all eligible applicants regardless of race, national origin, religion, gender, age, disability, or sexual orientation. Applicants must have received their PhD, EdD, or equivalent research degree between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2016. In addition, all applicants should have a demonstrated record of research experience in education.

A major objective of this funding opportunity announcement (FOA) is to invite SBIR applications to foster collaboration between clinical and bioengineering research communities to develop and test safe, accurate, and effective devices for use in neonatal, perinatal, and pediatric care settings. These can be new devices or improvements on existing devices. The studies may range from concept to developmental phases, with a clear commercialization plan to enable healthcare providers to use them in regular clinical care settings in the population, which is the focus of this FOA.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites applications for centers to support transdisciplinary teams of clinical and mental health services researchers, behavioral scientists, social scientists, health information and communications technologists, health systems engineers, decision scientists, and mental health stakeholders (e.g., service users, family members, clinicians, payers) to engage in high-impact studies that will significantly advance clinical practice and generate knowledge that will fuel transformation of mental health care in the United States.

The purpose of this project is to collect, maintain, and make accessible the nation’s primary source of detailed information on juvenile court case processing of delinquency and status offense cases, and to generate annual estimates of case processing. The Archive also provides juvenile justice researchers and policymakers with the ability to access automated juvenile court data sets, to study a wide range of national and subnational juvenile justice issues, to monitor trends, and to identify emerging issues.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites applications for centers to support transdisciplinary teams of clinical and mental health services researchers, behavioral scientists, social scientists, health information and communications technologists, health systems engineers, decision scientists, and mental health stakeholders (e.g., service users, family members, clinicians, payers) to engage in high-impact studies that will significantly advance clinical practice and generate knowledge that will fuel transformation of mental health care in the United States. Advanced Laboratories for Accelerating the Reach and Impact of Treatments for Youth and Adults with Mental Illness (ALACRITY) Research Centers will support the rapid development, testing, and refinement of novel and integrative approaches for (1) optimizing the effectiveness of therapeutic or preventive interventions for mental disorders within well-defined target populations; (2) organizing and delivering optimized mental health services within real world treatment settings; and (3) continuously improving the quality, impact, and durability of optimized interventions and service delivery within diverse care systems. The ALACRITY Centers program is intended to support research that demonstrates an extraordinary level of synergy across disciplines and has a high potential for increasing the public health impact of existing and emerging mental health interventions and service delivery strategies. The Centers are intended for transdisciplinary projects that could not be achieved using standard research project grant mechanisms. The ALACRITY Centers program is also expected to provide opportunities for graduate students, postdoctoral researchers, and new investigators to participate in transdisciplinary, T2 translational mental health research.

The purpose of this project is to support methodologically rigorous research and evaluations (ideally a randomized controlled demonstration field experiment) with practical implications for government-funded juvenile reentry including in areas not limited to screening and assessment, behavioral management, organizational or institutional capacity and structure, cross-system services and coordination, post-release services and supervision, and family engagement and support. OJJDP is particularly interested in studies that focus on effective strategies for juveniles with co-occurring substance abuse and mental health issues; gang involved juveniles; and older juveniles or young adults who are returning to communities struggling with violence and crime.

The National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) invites applications for Clinical Research Center Grants designed to advance the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and amelioration of human communication disorders. For this announcement, Clinical Research is defined as research involving individuals with communication disorders or data/tissues from individuals with a communication disorder. Examples of such research include but are not limited to, studies of the prevention, pathogenesis, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, management or epidemiology of a disease or disorder of hearing, balance, smell, taste, voice, speech, or language. Applications may propose a clinical trial but are not required to (optional).

REISSUE of PAR-18-733 The NIH Common Fund has established the Gabriella Miller Kids First Pediatric Research Program (Kids First) to develop a pediatric research data resource populated by genome sequence and phenotype data that will be of high value for the communities of investigators who study the genetics of childhood cancers and/or structural birth defects. The overall goal of the Gabriella Miller Kids First Pediatric Data Resource is to help researchers understand the underlying mechanisms of these conditions, leading to more refined diagnostic capabilities and ultimately more targeted therapies, as well as to develop an integrated pediatric research data resource by obtaining and aggregating genome sequence and phenotype data for as many relevant structural birth defects and pediatric cancer cohorts as possible and to advance research in this area through the broad sharing of these data with the research community. This FOA is intended to promote meritorious small research projects focused on the development and analyses of childhood cancer and/or structural birth defects datasets that are part of the Kids First Data Resource or could be included in the Kids First Data Resource. Development of statistical methodology appropriate for analyzing genome-wide data relevant to childhood cancer and/or structural birth defects may also be proposed.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages research grant applications directed toward developing next-generation human cell-derived assays that replicate complex nervous system architectures and physiology with improved fidelity over current capabilities. This includes technologies that do not rely on the use of human fetal tissue, as described in NOT-19-042. Supported projects will be expected to enable future studies of complex nervous system development, function and aging in healthy and disease states.

The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation has issued a Request for Proposals for its Evidence for Action: Making Health a Shared Value program. The purpose of the program is to improve the foundation's understanding of the Action Area 1 drivers and outcomes related to health, well-being, and equity, particularly with respect to disadvantaged children and families. To that end, the foundation seeks evidence on the extent to which Action Area 1 drivers - mindsets and expectations, sense of community, and civic engagement - can be changed through intervention at the individual or population levels, resulting in better health, well-being, and equity outcomes. An ideal study to provide such evidence would experimentally manipulate a driver, measure changes in that driver, and then measure resulting health impacts. However, RWJF recognizes that a variety of constraints could preclude such a design within the parameters of this funding opportunity. Consequently, the foundation has established two key aims for funding through the program. 1) Aim 1: To test the effects of specific interventions on the Action Area 1 drivers, in order to determine the extent to which they can be changed; and 2) Aim 2: To establish evidence of causal relationships between Action Area 1 drivers and health outcomes.

This solicitation will support field-initiated, methodologically rigorous research and/or evaluations focused on interactions between law enforcement and youth, with practical implications for the identification and development of programs and policies that ensure officer, youth, and community safety. This solicitation encourages researchers to propose studies that contribute to the development of scientific evidence about factors that facilitate or inhibit positive police-youth interactions, as well as evaluations of the implementation and effectiveness of trainings, programs, practices, or policies designed to facilitate productive law enforcement and youth engagement.

The Education Innovation and Research (EIR) program, established under section 4611 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, as amended (ESEA), provides funding to create, develop, implement, replicate, or take to scale entrepreneurial, evidence-based, field-initiated innovations to improve student achievement and attainment for high-need students; and rigorously evaluate such innovations. The EIR program is designed to generate and validate solutions to persistent educational challenges and to support the expansion of those solutions to serve substantially larger numbers of students. The central design element of the EIR program is its multi-tier structure that links the amount of funding that an applicant may receive to the quality of the evidence supporting the efficacy of the proposed project, with the expectation that projects that build this evidence will advance through EIR's grant tiers: ``Early-phase,'' ``Mid-phase,'' and ``Expansion.'' Applicants proposing innovative practices that are supported by limited evidence can receive relatively small grants to support the development, implementation, and initial evaluation of the practices; applicants proposing practices supported by evidence from rigorous evaluations, such as an experimental study (as defined in this notice), can receive larger grant awards to support expansion across the country.

The Organization for Autism Research is seeking pre-proposals for its 2018 Applied Research Competition. The annual program aims to promote innovative research that directly supports the autism community by expanding the body of knowledge related to autism intervention and treatment, producing practical and objective results, and providing outcomes that enhance the quality of life for persons with autism and their families. Preference will be given to the analysis, evaluation, or comparison of current models of assessment, intervention, or systems of service delivery, including policy analysis; applied aspects of educational, behavioral, or social/communicative intervention; effective intervention across the lifespan for individuals considered to be severely impacted by autism; adult issues such as continuing education, employment, residential supports, sexuality instruction, quality-of-life determinants, and "later intervention"; and issues related to family support, social and community integration, assessment and intervention with challenging behavior, and the use of technology in support of learners with ASD. In 2018, OAR will award grants of up to $30,000. Studies can range in duration from one to two years.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages grant applications from institutions or organizations that propose multidisciplinary, investigator-initiated basic translational and clinical research in developmental pharmacodynamics This FOA encourages grant applications that propose studies to increase and establish data on developmental pharmacodynamic in the pediatric age groups and allows the determination of pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationship of drugs used in this population.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages grant applications from institutions or organizations that propose multidisciplinary, investigator-initiated basic translational and clinical research in developmental pharmacodynamics. This FOA encourages grant applications that propose studies to increase and establish data on developmental pharmacodynamic in the pediatric age groups and allows the determination of pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationship of drugs used in this population.