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This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is a joint effort between the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the National Institute on Aging (NIA) to promote research that will advance current understanding of the mechanisms by which aging impacts cancer onset, progression, metastasis, and therapeutic response. To maximize collaborative interactions for this program, NIH extramural scientists will collaborate with investigators in the NCI Center for Cancer Research (NCI CCR) and/or the NIA Intramural Research Programs (NIA IRP) to address key questions on the aging contribution to cancer. These collaborating NCI CCR and NIA IRP investigators should be tenured or tenure-track scientists with whom the NIH extramural NIH scientist has made prior contact regarding the collaborative project.

In response to The Gabriella Miller Kids First Research Act ( https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/2019/text), NIH, through the Common Fund, has established the Gabriella Miller Kids First Pediatric Research Program (Kids First). The Kids First program is expected to be a ten-year effort (2015 - 2024) that will build the Gabriella Miller Kids First Pediatric Data Resource (Kids First Data Resource). The Kids First Data Resource will be populated by genomic and phenotypic data and will be of high value to the pediatric research community by facilitating data mining across diverse conditions. During the first five years of this Program, data were generated and made publicly available following sequencing of DNA, and some RNA, samples from pediatric cancer and structural birth defects cohorts as outlined on the Kids First Common Fund website at https://commonfund.nih.gov/kidsfirst. In addition to increased understanding of individual pediatric conditions, a goal of establishing the Data Resource is to enable discovery of shared pathways whose disruption may lead to structural birth defects and/or susceptibility to childhood cancer. Therefore, representation of a wide variety of pediatric cancers and structural birth defects within the Data Resource is essential. The overall goal is to help researchers understand the underlying mechanisms of disease, leading to more refined diagnostic capabilities and ultimately more targeted therapies or interventions.

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to support research on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated cancers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) through the formation of collaborative partnerships between investigators in United States (U.S.) and investigators in LMICs. The FOA solicits applications for Specialized Center Cooperative Agreements (U54) for research on HIV-associated cancers from research institutions in the U.S. and LMICs. These partnerships are referred to as HIV-Associated Malignancy Research Centers (HAMRCs).

This FOA encourages circumscribed projects to generate fundamental knowledge of affective processes with key consequences for single (e.g., cancer screening) and multiple (e.g., adherence to oral chemotherapy regimen) event decisions and behaviors across the cancer control continuum. The FOA solicits applications that involve collaboration among cancer control researchers and those from scientific disciplines not traditionally connected to cancer control applications (e.g., affective and cognitive neuroscience, decision science, consumer science) to elucidate perplexing and understudied problems in affective and decision sciences with downstream implications for cancer prevention and control.

The objective of the NIDCR Award for Sustaining Outstanding Achievement in Research (SOAR) is to provide longer-term support to NIDCR-funded investigators, who are in their mid-career stage, and have outstanding records of research productivity, mentorship and professional service to the research community. It is expected that the SOAR Award will propel the investigator along this career trajectory and allow him/her to embark on ambitious longer-term projects of extraordinary potential within the mission of NIDCR. This award supports research projects for up to eight years.

This funding opportunity announcement (FOA) supports small research projects on cancer that can be carried out in a short period of time with limited resources. The R03 grant mechanism supports different types of projects including pilot and feasibility studies; secondary analysis of existing data; small, self-contained research projects; development of research methodology; and development of new research technology.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages research projects that focus on innovative research in the isolation and characterization of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their cargo for discovery of predictive biomarkers for risk assessment, detection, diagnosis and prognosis of early cancer. This FOA will promote rigor and reproducibility research in both the isolation of EVs as well as the computational analysis of the cargo carried in these vesicles.

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to enhance mechanistic and epidemiologic investigations addressing the roles of co-infection. Co-infection is defined as the occurrence of infections by two or more infectious (pathogenic or non-pathogenic) agents - either concurrently or sequentially - and includes both acute and chronic infections by viruses, bacteria, parasites, and/or other microorganisms. Preference will be given to investigations of co-infections with known oncogenic agents (excluding human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]) and of co-infections that engender novel opportunities for prevention and treatment.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages solicits applications that propose research designed to test training, mentoring, and networking interventions intended to enhance research-oriented individuals' interest, motivation, persistence and preparedness for careers in the biomedical research workforce. Funded projects are expected to produce research findings that will guide the design and implementation of potential interventions in a variety of academic settings and career levels to enhance the diversity of the biomedical research workforce.

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to support multidisciplinary research projects that examine the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of high linear energy transfer (high LET) radiation on cell and tissue targets. The overall goal of the research is to establish a firm scientific basis for RBE models of high LET radiation and determine potential benefits in cancer treatment. A meritorious application is expected to be well-balanced in terms of interdisciplinary science that spans approaches in both radiation biology and radiation physics research. Priorities for this FOA are on 1) Applications with potential to enhance the understanding of mechanisms related to high LET effects in both cancer and normal tissues; and 2) Characterization of high LET effects that have potential to inform treatment strategies for cancers resistant to conventional radiation or other combined modality treatments.

 The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to encourage revision applications (formerly called "competing revisions") from currently funded NCI U54 Resource-Related Research Projects. The applicants should propose to expand upon original research question(s) from specific projects or otherwise accelerate progress for the parent study by incorporating a new technical approach or instrument developed through support from the NCI Innovative Molecular Analysis Technologies (IMAT) program. Awards from this FOA are meant to incentivize independent validation and accelerate the suitability of these emerging technologies for appropriate research communities.

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to encourage revision applications (formerly called "competing revisions") from currently funded NCI U54 Resource-Related Research Projects. The applicants should propose to expand upon original research question(s) from specific projects or otherwise accelerate progress for the parent study by incorporating a new technical approach or instrument developed through support from the NCI Innovative Molecular Analysis Technologies (IMAT) program. Awards from this FOA are meant to incentivize independent validation and accelerate the suitability of these emerging technologies for appropriate research communities. As a component of the NCI IMAT program, this FOA aims to promote interdisciplinary collaboration in the development of innovative tools and methods that enable cancer research and accelerate scientific discovery. Also listed under P01 and R01.

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to support innovative approaches to identifying, understanding, and developing strategies for overcoming barriers to the adoption, adaptation, integration, scale-up and sustainability of evidence-based interventions, tools, policies, and guidelines. Conversely, there is a benefit in understanding circumstances that create a need to stop or reduce ("de-implement") the use of interventions that are ineffective, unproven, low-value, or harmful. In addition, studies to advance dissemination and implementation research methods and measures are encouraged. Also listed under R21

Through this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA), the National Cancer Institute (NCI) invites R01 applications for research projects designed to solve specific problems and paradoxes in multiple myeloma (MM) and disparities research identified as the NCI Multiple Myeloma Disparities Provocative Questions (MMD PQs). These problems and paradoxes phrased as questions are not intended to represent the full range of NCI's priorities in multiple myeloma research. Rather, they are meant to challenge cancer researchers to think about and elucidate specific problems in key areas of multiple myeloma and disparities research that are deemed important but have not received sufficient attention. The FOA includes six Multiple Myeloma PQs that represent diverse fields relevant to multiple myeloma disparities research, but all are framed to inspire interested scientists to conceive new approaches and/or feasible solutions. Each research project (application) proposed in response to this FOA must be focused on addressing one particular research problem defined by one specific MMD PQ selected from the list. Projects proposed to address specific MMD PQs may use strategies that incorporate ideas and approaches from multiple disciplines, as appropriate. Transdisciplinary projects are encouraged as long as they serve the scientific focus of the specific PQ chosen.

The National Cancer Institutes (NCI) Cancer Systems Biology Consortium (CSBC) supports systems biology approaches to cancer research and includes U54 CSBC Research Centers, a U24 CSBC Coordinating Center and, through this FOA, well-defined, discrete and circumscribed U01 Research Projects. CSBC Research Projects are expected to involve interdisciplinary teams of scientists, engineers, and cancer researchers who collaborate to advance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying cancer initiation, progression, and treatment. CSBC Research Projects proposed in response to this Funding Opportunity Announcement must demonstrate explicit integration of experimental biology and computational modeling to test and validate novel hypotheses in cancer research.

 The National Cancer Institute's (NCI) Cancer Systems Biology Consortium (CSBC) supports systems biology approaches to cancer research and includes U54 CSBC Research Centers, a U24 CSBC Coordinating Center and, through this FOA, well-defined, discrete and circumscribed U01 Research Projects. CSBC Research Projects are expected to involve interdisciplinary teams of scientists, engineers, and cancer researchers who collaborate to advance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying cancer initiation, progression, and treatment. CSBC Research Projects proposed in response to this Funding Opportunity Announcement must be based upon explicit integration of experimental biology and computational modeling to test and validate novel hypotheses in cancer research. 

Through this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA), the National Cancer Institute (NCI) invites R21 applications for exploratory/developmental research projects designed to solve specific problems and paradoxes in multiple myeloma (MM) and disparities research identified as the NCI Multiple Myeloma Disparities Provocative Questions (MMD PQs). These problems and paradoxes phrased as questions are not intended to represent the full range of NCI's priorities in multiple myeloma research. Rather, they are meant to challenge cancer researchers to think about and elucidate specific problems in key areas of multiple myeloma and disparities research that are deemed important but have not received sufficient attention. The FOA includes six Multiple Myeloma PQs that represent diverse fields relevant to multiple myeloma disparities research, but all are framed to inspire interested scientists to conceive new approaches and/or feasible solutions. Each research project (application) proposed in response to this FOA must be focused on addressing one particular research problem defined by one specific MMD PQ selected from the list. Projects proposed to address specific MMD PQs may use strategies that incorporate ideas and approaches from multiple disciplines, as appropriate. Transdisciplinary projects are encouraged as long as they serve the scientific focus of the specific PQ chosen.

The purpose of the initiative is to support multidisciplinary innovative exploratory and developmental research to understand the underlying etiologic factors and the mechanisms that result in disparities in chronic liver diseases and cancer in the US. Also listed under R01.

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to support research projects designed to solve specific problems and paradoxes in cancer research identified by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Provocative Questions Initiative. These problems and paradoxes phrased as questions are not intended to represent the full range of NCI's priorities in cancer research. Rather, they are meant to challenge researchers to think about and elucidate specific problems in key areas of cancer research that are deemed important but have not received sufficient attention. Also listed under R01.

The purpose of the FOA is to support the development of collaborative, multi-disciplinary basic research centers to elucidate and integrate a mechanistic understanding of the non-linear, dynamic, and emergent processes in metastasis. It is anticipated that each center will use systems-level approaches that encompass chronological progression and biological scales to derive a more comprehensive and cohesive picture of metastasis. Centers may derive new physiologically relevant models that capture the entire metastatic process or develop new experimental and analytical technologies or probes for tracking and monitoring the in vivo dynamics of metastatic cell states.