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ScienceDaily (Apr. 2, 2009) - Scientists have pinned down the constituent of olive oil that gives greatest protection from heart attack and stroke. In a study of the major antioxidants in olive oil, Portuguese researchers showed that one, DHPEA-EDA, protects red blood cells from damage more than any other part of olive oil.

Effects of olive oil polyphenols on erythrocyte oxidative damage. Paiva-Martins F, Fernandes J, Rocha S, Nascimento H, Vitorino R, Amado F, Borges F, Belo L, Santos-Silva A. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2009 Apr 2. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 19340892 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200800276

Ursolic acid, a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid carboxylic acid, is the major component of some traditional medicine herbs and is well known to possess a wide range of biological functions, such as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antihyperlipidemic and anticancer activities, that are able to counteract endogenous and exogenous biological stimuli. Ursolic acid has been noted for their antitumor-promotion activities. Ursolic acid is capable of inducing apoptosis in tumor cells on one side and to prevent malignant transformation of normal cells on the other side. It also interferes with numerous enzymes, including the ones serving directly to DNA synthesis