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Three-tier' is a client-server architecture in which the user interface, functional process logic ("business rules"), data storage and data access are developed and maintained as independent modules, most often on separate platforms.

multitier architectures

The 3-Tier architecture has the following 3-tiers. 1. Presentation Tier 2. Application Tier/Logic Tier/Business Logic Tier 3. Data Tier

Netflix

Netflix (NASDAQ: NFLX), established in 1998, is the largest online DVD rental service, offering flat rate rental-by-mail to customers in the United States. Headquartered in Los Gatos, California, it has amassed a collection of 80,000 titles and over 6.8 million subscribers. [1] They have over 42 million discs and ship 1.6 million a day, on average. [1] Netflix previously claimed to spend about $300 million a year on postage. On 25 February 2007, Netflix announced the delivery of its billionth DVD. [2][3]

Rentals services

Lou Gerstner, CEO of IBM

While e-business refers to more strategic focus with an emphasis on the functions that occur using electronic capabilities, e-commerce to be a subset of an overall e-business strategy. E-commerce seeks to add revenue streams using the Worldwide Web or the Internet to build and enhance relationships with clients and partners and to improve efficiency using the Empty Vessel strategy. Often, e-commerce involves the application of knowledge management systems.

E-business involves business processes spanning the entire value chain: electronic purchasing and supply chain management, processing orders electronically, handling customer service, and cooperating with business partners.

in a simple markup language using a web browser

Sometimes session log-in is requested to acquire a "wiki-signature" cookie for autosigning edits.

A defining characteristic of wiki technology is the ease with which pages can be created and updated.

Supply chain management must address the following problems: Distribution Network Configuration: Number and location of suppliers, production facilities, distribution centers, warehouses and customers. Distribution Strategy: Centralized versus decentralized, direct shipment, Cross docking, pull or push strategies, third party logistics. Information: Integrate systems and processes through the supply chain to share valuable information, including demand signals, forecasts, inventory and transportation etc. Inventory Management: Quantity and location of inventory including raw materials, work-in-process and finished goods.

number, location, and size of warehouses, distribution centers, and facilities

Strategic partnership with suppliers, distributors, and customers, creating communication channels for critical information and operational improvements such as cross docking, direct shipping, and third-party logistics

There are three aspects of CRM, each of which can be implemented in isolation: Operational CRM: The automation or support of customer processes involving sales or service representatives Collaborative CRM: Direct communication with customers not involving sales or service representatives (“self service”) Analytical CRM: The analysis of customer data for a broad range of purposes

Operational CRM provides support to "front office" business processes, including sales, marketing and service.

Collaborative CRM covers the direct interaction with customers.

The > > Internet protocol suite is the set of > communications protocols > that implements the > protocol stack > on which the > Internet > and many commercial networks run. It is part of the > TCP/IP > protocol suite > , which is named after two of the most important protocols in it: the > Transmission Control Protocol > > (TCP) and the > > Internet Protocol > (IP) > >,

The Internet protocol suite — like many protocol suites — can be viewed as a set of layers. Each layer solves a set of problems involving the transmission of data, and provides a well-defined service to the upper layer protocols based on using services from some lower layers. Upper layers are logically closer to the user and deal with more abstract data, relying on lower layer protocols to translate data into forms that can eventually be physically transmitted.

The five layer TCP/IP model

Layer 4 - Process Layer or Application Layer - This is where the "higher level" protocols such as SMTP, FTP, SSH, HTTP, etc. operate. Layer 3 - Host-To-Host (Transport) Layer - This is where flow-control and connection protocols exist, such as TCP. This layer deals with opening and maintaining connections, ensuring that packets are in fact received. Layer 2 - Internet or Internetworking Layer - This layer defines IP addresses, with many routing schemes for navigating packets from one IP address to another. Layer 1 - Network Access Layer - This layer describes the physical equipment necessary for communications, such as twisted pair cables, the signalling used on that equipment, and the low-level protocols using that signalling.

using open ended labels called tags.

accessible as a shared vocabulary that is both originated by, and familiar to, its primary users.

Folksonomy may hold the key to developing a Semantic Web, in which every Web page contains machine-readable metadata that describes its content. Such metadata would dramatically improve the precision (the percentage of relevant documents) in search engine retrieval lists.

Oracle Corporation (NASDAQ: ORCL) is one of the major companies developing database management systems (DBMS), tools for database development, middle-tier software, enterprise resource planning software (ERP), customer relationship management software (CRM) and supply chain management (SCM) software.

A firewall is an information technology (IT) security device which is configured to permit, deny or proxy data connections set and configured by the organization's security policy.

3 Types 3.1 Network layer 3.2 Application-layer 3.3 Proxies

"Asynchronous JavaScript and XML", is a web development technique for creating interactive web applications.

the entire web page does not have to be reloaded each time the user requests a change.

Pages using Ajax behave more like a standalone application than a typical web page. Clicking on links that cause the entire page to refresh feels like a "heavy" operation. With Ajax, the page often can be updated dynamically, allowing a faster response to the user's interaction.

a website or application that combines content from more than one source into an integrated experience.

In technology, a mashup is a web application that combines data from more than one source into a single integrated tool;

use of cartographic data from Google Maps to add location information to real-estate data from Craigslist, thereby creating a new and distinct web service that was not originally provided by either source.

launched as the > > English > Wikipedia > on > J anuary 1 >5 > , > 2001 >,

Wikipedia has approximately six million articles in 250 languages

1.7 million of which are in the English edition.

WAP is an open international standard for applications that use wireless communication. Its principal application is to enable access to the Internet from a mobile phone or PDA

describe the embedded technology of wireless local area networks (WLAN) based on the IEEE 802.11 specifications

Wi-Fi devices in home or consumer-type environments connect in the following ways: Via a broadband Internet connection into a single router which can serve both wired and wireless clients Ad-hoc mode for client to client connections Built into non-computer devices to enable wireless connectivity to other devices or the Internet

The DMZ is typically used for connecting servers that need to be accessible from the outside world, such as e-mail, web and DNS servers.

A DMZ is often created through a configuration option on the firewall, where each network is connected to a different port on the firewall - this is called a three-legged firewall set-up.

XML is considered "general-purpose" because it enables anyone to originate and use a markup language for many types of applications and problem domains.

XML's primary purpose is to facilitate the sharing of data across different information systems, particularly systems connected via the Internet.

4 XML Syntax

Taxonomy is the practice and science of classification.

usage within "Knowledge Management",

Some have argued that the human mind naturally organizes its knowledge of the world into such systems. This view is often based on the epistemology of Immanuel Kant.

Service-orientation describes an architecture that uses loosely coupled services to support the requirements of business processes and users

Resources on a network[1] in an SOA environment are made available as independent services that can be accessed without knowledge of their underlying platform implementation

SOA, Web 2.0, and mashups