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There were 11 crusades. One of them were in Jeruselum. And one of them was said by a pulp . and Richard the first responded to it.

tHerE wErE 11 CrUsAdEs.1 oF ThEm WeRe in jErUsLeM.1 0f deM WaS SaiD By A PopE.rIcHaRd Was tHe fIrSt 2 ReSponeD 2 iT.

Arabic, the main unifying feature among Arabs, is a Semitic language originating in Arabia. From there it spread to a variety of distinct peoples across most of West Asia and North Africa, resulting in their acculturation as Arabs, or Arabization, often though not always, in conjunction with Islamization.With the rise of Islam in the 7th century CE as the language of the Qur'an, Arabic became the lingua franca of the wider Mediterranean region. It was in this period that Arabic language and culture was widely disseminated with the early Islamic expansion, both through conquest and cultural contact.Arabic culture and language, however, began a more limited difusion before the Islamic age, first spreading in West Asia beginning in the 2nd century, as Arab Christians such as the Ghassanids, Lakhmids and Banu Judham began migrating north from Arabia into the Syrian Desert and the Levant.

A peasant girl born in eastern France, she led the French army to several important victories during the Hundred Years' War, claiming divine guidance, and was indirectly responsible for the coronation of Charles VII. She was captured by the Burgundians, sold to the English, tried by an ecclesiastical court, and burned at the stake when she was nineteen years old. Twenty-four years later, on the initiative of Charles VII, who could not afford being seen as having been brought to power with the aid of a condemned heretic, Pope Callixtus III reviewed the decision of the ecclesiastical court, found her innocent, and declared her a martyr. She was beatified in 1909 and canonized in 1920. She is, along with St. Denis, St. Martin of Tours, St. Louis IX, and St. Theresa of Lisieux, one of the patron saints of France.Joan asserted that she had visions from God that told her to recover her homeland from English domination late in the Hundred Years' War. The uncrowned King Charles VII sent her to the siege at Orléans as part of a relief mission. She gained prominence when she overcame the dismissive attitude of veteran commanders and lifted the siege in only nine days. Several more swift victories led to Charles VII's coronation at Reims and settled the disputed succession to the throne.Joan of Arc has remained an important figure in Western culture. From Napoleon to the present, French politicians of all leanings have invoked her memory. Major writers and composers who have created works about her include Shakespeare (Henry VI, Part 1), Voltaire (La Pucelle d'Orléans), Schiller (Die Jungfrau von Orléans ), Verdi (Giovanna d'Arco), Tchaikovsky (Орлеанская дева), Mark Twain (Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc), Jean Anouilh (L'Alouette), Bertolt Brecht (Die heilige Johanna der Schlachthöfe), George Bernard Shaw (Saint Joan), and Maxwell Anderson (Joan of Lorraine). Depictions of her continue in film, television, video games, song, and dance.

was a great genaral and was killed from envy and three years later became a saint by the christians

edwards, king of england, daughter. she is princess, who is going to marry the son of the king of spain. she is europeon. i think

joan of arc had a powerful army and people believed thats she was a witch and other villagers thought someone were witches

jOhN Of arc Was A PrEtTy qIrL BoRn in dA eaSt Of fRaNcE.sHE WaS 14 Or 15 WhEn sHe sTaRtEd 2 lEaD Da aRmY.She leD The fReenCh ArMY 2 vErY imPOrTaNt ViCtOriEs IN Da huNdReD WaR.sHe wAs CaPtUrEd By THE BuRqUnDiAnS.& WaS SoLd 2 a eNqLIsH.

During the time of Otto the 1st the establishment of the roman empire was born. It was when Carolingian kingdom. Of theEastern Francia . Became the Holy roman empire.

clovis made the frankes cristian

YES HE DID MAKE THE FRANKS CRISTIAN