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This article highlights the realization of Seymour Papert that electronic devices could increase education in isolated geographical regions facing poverty. Although we don't have school districts living in isolation in the United States, we do have poverty stricken districts with little to no technology available to the students. Seymour Papert had a vision "of a digitally enhanced learning experience [helping] close some of the gap that exists among urban and rural, well-resourced and poor schools."

This article details how Open Educational Resources (OERs) have helped certain districts close the achievement gap, and it provides a list of "how-to's" for implementing OERs into the school system.

Seven suggestions for narrowing the gap before students reach third grade.

Prior knowledge, or background knowledge, is the information someone already knows about a topic. Sounds great, right? If you are teaching someone it has to be a good thing for that person to already know some things about the subject, right? Not always. Maybe that person's prior knowledge is biased, wrong, or full of misconceptions- that would leave that person at a disadvantage. Teachers, who know that proper prior knowledge help students make connections with the information, must ensure they use their student's prior knowledge appropriately. This essay explains how a student's prior knowledge can affect their learning and how teachers can use prior knowledge to their advantage in instruction.

This Clemson University Reading Recovery Training Center's article on determining importance explains the what, why, and how to teach determining importance. In addition, it includes a sample lesson. This article discusses how young readers can have difficulty filtering out smaller information from the big, more important ideas. Teachers must help students learn to monitor their reading in order for them to pick out the large ideas of a text.

Sight word acquisition is an important building block in the construction of a child's ability to read. This article has teacher and parent strategies.

Great resource! I have about 10 students (of 48) who are reading at a DRA 10 or less in 3rd grade. I'll have to use these strategies and share with parents!

By: Jason Lange. The push for data-driven instruction has been widespread since the implementation of the No Child Left Behind Act, which was signed into law in 2002. Yet the number of individual classrooms regularly practicing DDI remains startlingly low.

The article acknowledges that schools often collect more data than is needed in order to determine what student(s) need for instruction. The 6 methods schools can put into practice in order to lead effective data driven programs is helpful, particularly the first 3 methods - keep it simple; think small; and analyze your efforts.

In this blog post, contributors Libby Woodfin, Tony Frontier, Laura Cabrera and Alice Mercer provide examples of the power of formative assessment to improve student learning. I was especially intrigued with first grader Austin and how his classmates used concrete, descriptive feedback to help him improve his scientific drawing of a butterfly. Check out the link! This would be a great article to assign for a PLC text-based discussion using any of the protocols described by Venables on pp. 85-87 in his book, Turning Data into Action.

Although lengthy, this is a worthwhile read about how using questions in certain ways can help to increase student reading comprehension levels.

Everyone's favorite math guru shares the top 10 ways you can enhance your students' math learning, test scores, and skills Several years ago, Michael, one of my third graders, wrote this in his journal: "I never used to look forward to math. All we did was add and subtract. This site offers a number of ideas that include how to teach writing in the math classroom.

Week 7: This is a journal article based on reading behaviors, which emphasizes Daniel Willingham's arguments in the importance of building content knowledge. In reference to that, this journal discusses the effect background knowledge plays on comprehension of texts read. "The present study was designed to assess the role that background knowledge plays in determining young children's ability to process relationships that are explicitly and fully specified in a text in comparison to those that are only partially specified by the same text" (Pearson, 1979, pg. 201). This journal article stresses the relationship and connection that is made between texts and the reader based on background knowledge that has been built. This gives a great lens to see the effect of building such knowledge and seeing the benefits of it play out on the students.

This report describes a program for improving reading comprehension skills in order to heighten understanding of materials covered in class and performance on activities and exams. The targeted population consisted of first-, fifth-, and eighth-grade students in a large, lower- to middle-class community located in central Illinois.

Week 7- This is an article for educators to gain a deeper understanding of what differentiation is and how to begin implementing these type of activities into your classroom. I provide teachers with a graphic of "teacher to do's" and "teacher do not's" and strategies. "This article was contributed by Jennnipher Willoughby, a freelance writer and former science and technology specialist".

This is a great article found on ASCD that highlights the importance of word study and phonics instruction as part of Guided Reading instruction to build basic foundational skills for ELL students. This is a chapter found in the book "Research-Based Methods of Reading Instruction for English Language Learners, Grades K-4." I chose this article because it includes actual guided reading lessons for groups who are working on specific skills such as word endings, vowel combinations, blends, diagraphs etc. Linan-Thompson, S & Vaughn, S. (2007). Phonics and Word Study. Research-Based methods of reading instruction for English language learners, grades K-4. Retrieved from http://www.ascd.org/publications/books/108002/chapters/Phonics-and-Word-Study.aspx

Week 8 - Posted by Katie, Bonnie, and Malkie. The author explains the importance of spending 25% of teaching time, teaching the specific phonics skills and the rest of the time engaging students in actually reading and phonics related activities. There are quite a few suggestions for activities.

Week 9: Eli, Angela, Noelle and Chris This journal article is accessible given above through the UMUC library. The focus of this article discusses how observations can be used as an assessment tool for teachers when dealing with differentiation. The study specifically highlights differentiation in a high level G/T classroom and provides different observation tools that teachers can use to self assess. This article is useful to our team as although not all of us teach high level students, it made us think critically about the observation process of each of our schools. We realized the importance of observations when they are used correctly, where the observer gives constructive criticism in order to improve teaching strategies. Also the differentiation aspect of the article suggests proven strategies to use when contemplating differentiation, which are good examples for us who need more differentiation in our classes. References VanTassel-Baska, J. (2012). Analyzing Differentiation in the Classroom: Using the COS-R. Gifted Child Today, 35(1), 42-48. doi:10.1177/1076217511427431

Blog post: This is a collection of educational resources by high school teacher and prolific blogger and author, Larry Ferlazzo. These resources are organized by subject, such as art, music, science and Web 2.0. Each link takes you to a blog post that describes a resource, activity or lesson and how it can be used in the classroom. Be sure to scroll all the way down the page to see all the many subject matter resources available! Students of EDTC 615 might wish to start their Strategies Search here!

Instructional gap between black and white students and suggestions to reduce the achievement gap.

I have a problem with these comparisons, because what are we comparing? Suburban White children with Inner City Black children? I would rather see what differences occur within the same socio-economic range. Then we can discuss what the differences are and how to decrease the gap. Otherwise it's apples to oranges.