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"Introduction California school districts and County Offices of Education-collectively, Local Educational Agencies ("LEAs")-collect a vast amount of data in providing educational and related services. This data may include pupil records, medical records, financial information, and more. With the advent of individualized learning management systems, LEAs are sharing such data with third-party vendors more than ever before. There has also been a corresponding, and sometimes competing, increase in compliance measures to protect student data. This guide is intended to provide an overview and streamline some of the key laws governing student data privacy. Please note that the laws referenced herein may not be exhaustive. This guide contains information only and is not intended to provide legal advice, nor does it establish an attorney- client relationship. LEAs are encouraged to contact their legal counsel or member organization for any questions or clarifications concerning the content contained herein. This guide is also available electronically at www.f3law.com . This guide may be updated periodically; such updates may be found in the electronic version"

linked in http://www.edweek.org/ew/articles/2015/10/21/lessons-learned-from-security-breaches.html

"Privacy Shield Policy Introduction. Coursera, Inc. (referred to as "we," "us," or "our"), believes in protecting your privacy. We participate in and commit to adhering to the EU-U.S. Privacy Shield Framework which includes the Privacy Shield Principles of notice, choice, onward transfer, security, data integrity, access and enforcement (the "Principles") for all transfers of personal data from EEA to the U.S. To learn more about Privacy Shield, please visit the U.S. Department of Commerce Privacy Shield website: https://www.privacyshield.gov/. For more information regarding our Privacy Shield certification, please see: https://www.privacyshield.gov/list (Note: Coursera is currently in the process of obtaining formal self-certification to Privacy Shield)."

"for cooperating with the online learning provider Coursera. (...) We regard this cooperation of the Munich universities with Coursera as a marketing operation. The two universities can present themselves globally together with top international universities. Conversely, Coursera adorns itself with their names. It seems that data protection has not been given much thought. Likewise, we miss a critical discussion of who owns the content produced and who profits from it. By the way, taking Coursera courses is still voluntary for the students. This BigBrotherAward is meant as a warning to colleges and universities not to make participation in MOOCs offered by privacy-ignoring companies a mandatory way to earn study credits. Actually it's bad enough that education increasingly becomes a commodity as publicly financed institutions of higher education distribute their offerings via commercial providers. If an appropriate European MOOC platform does not exist, then it is the the universities' duty to create such a platform. By giving a BigBrotherAward to TUM and LMU Munich, we would like to remind both universities and all other education institutions that the long-term business model of such "education providers" hinges on contracts in which the students are not the customers of the MOOC provider, they are the product being sold."