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Jessica Ice

al-saggaf_begg_2004_jices.pdf (application/pdf Object) - 0 views

www.ccsr.cse.dmu.ac.uk/...al-saggaf_begg_2004_jices.pdf

anonymity gender arab muslim online communication culture

shared by Jessica Ice on 26 Jan 09 - No Cached
  • Jessica Ice on 26 Jan 09
     
    There is a major transformation taking place in the Arab and Muslim worlds. People in these nations are poised on the edge of a significant new social landscape. Called the Internet, this new frontier not only includes the creation of new forms of private communication, like electronic mail and chat, but also webbased forums, which for the first time enables public discussion between males and females in conservative societies. This paper has been written as a result of an ethnographic study conducted in Saudi Arabia during the period 2001-2002. The purpose of the study was to understand how online communities in Saudi Arabia are affecting people. The results of the study indicate that while participants to a large extent used online communities in accordance with their cultural values, norms and traditions, the communication medium and the features associated with it, such as the anonymity and lack of social cues, have affected them considerably. For example, many participants became more flexible in their thinking, more aware of the diverse nature of people within their society, less inhibited about the opposite gender, and more self-confident. On the other hand, participants neglected their family commitments, became less shy and some became confused about some aspects of their culture and religion. These findings and their implications for the Arab and Muslim worlds will be highlighted in this paper.
Trapper Callender

Coming of Age in Second Life: An ... - Google Book Search - 0 views

books.google.com/books

secondlife Boellstorff community identity

shared by Trapper Callender on 24 Feb 09 - Cached
  • Trapper Callender on 24 Feb 09
     
    Millions of people around the world today spend portions of their lives in online virtual worlds. Second Life is one of the largest of these virtual worlds. The residents of Second Life create communities, buy property and build homes, go to concerts, meet in bars, attend weddings and religious services, buy and sell virtual goods and services, find friendship, fall in love--the possibilities are endless, and all encountered through a computer screen.Coming of Age in Second Lifeis the first book of anthropology to examine this thriving alternate universe. Tom Boellstorff conducted more than two years of fieldwork in Second Life, living among and observing its residents in exactly the same way anthropologists traditionally have done to learn about cultures and social groups in the so-called real world. He conducted his research as the avatar "Tom Bukowski," and applied the rigorous methods of anthropology to study many facets of this new frontier of human life, including issues of gender, race, sex, money, conflict and antisocial behavior, the construction of place and time, and the interplay of self and group. Coming of Age in Second Lifeshows how virtual worlds can change ideas about identity and society. Bringing anthropology into territory never before studied, this book demonstrates that in some ways humans have always been virtual, and that virtual worlds in all their rich complexity build upon a human capacity for culture that is as old as humanity itself.
Mike Wesch

Communicative style and gender differences in computer-mediated communications - 0 views

crowston.syr.edu/...index.html

cmc flaming gender

shared by Mike Wesch on 29 May 08 - Cached
  • They report that electronic mail messages exhibited uninhibited behaviour, such as "flaming" or flouting of social conventions,
ajinkyak

Hospital lighting: improve patient recovery progress and facilitate hospital environment - 0 views

prsync.com/...e-hospital-environment-3533385

HospitalLighting

shared by ajinkyak on 26 Aug 21 - No Cached
  • ajinkyak on 26 Aug 21
     
    Hospital Lighting is very important as it plays a pivotal role not only in beautifying and managing the patient but also in improving their health. At the same time lighting also plays an essential role in improving patients recovery progress; appropriate lighting increases sleep, prevents depression, and stabilizes the body's circadian rhythm. Hospital Lighting is one of the most vital parts of patient care, therefore; they require high-quality lighting that is capable of providing the bright lights required to ensure a quick recovery and minimally invasive procedures for the patients. The Lighting at Hospital varies according to the age and/or gender of the patients. The Lighting should be such that it can facilitate the hospital environment and the way of life of the patients.
timmhaubrich532

USA Gmail Account - 100% real and usa verified accounts - 0 views

realserviceit.com/...usa-gmail-account

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shared by timmhaubrich532 on 10 Aug 23 - No Cached
  • robertp885 on 10 Aug 23
     
    1000 Gmail addresses list To get a Gmail account, you need to create an email address with your name and the @gmail.com domain. You can also use this service for other purposes like sending and receiving emails from other accounts as well. To get a Gmail address without verification, follow these steps: Go to the website https://mail.google.com/mail/create/. It will ask for information about yourself including name, phone number (optional), birthday (optional), gender (optional), location (optional), home address and family members' names etc., click next button when done filling up all required fields of registration form by clicking "Continue". After completing all necessary details successfully click on "Create Account" button which will redirect you towards another page where it asks you whether or not want to share certain information like photos with others who might be interested in seeing them so make sure what type of content being shared before clicking Continue button again; When done submitting all required information successfully then finally wait until Google sends confirmation email along with username & password details which must be entered correctly into respective fields before proceeding further; How to make usa gmail account To create a USA Gmail account, you need to make at least three fake accounts. The first step is to create a new email address that looks like it belongs to a real person (like your own name or the name of someone else in your family). Then, buy some phone numbers from different companies and use them as the Call ID for all of your accounts so that no one can tell which number belongs to whom. USA Gmail Account Once you've got your new US-based Gmail account set up with all these fake details, then it's time to start using it! Go into "Settings" on Google's website and choose "Manage Accounts" from there; then enter each account number into its respective field under "Add Account". 2 gmail accou
  • robertp885 on 17 Aug 23
     
    USA Gmail Account Introduction Gmail is a free email service provided by Google. Gmail users can send, receive and manage email using their web-connected computers, smartphones or tablets. USA Gmail USA Gmail is a free email service provided by Google. It's similar to the old Hotmail, but with a lot more storage space and other benefits. Gmail is a web-based email that provides users with one gigabyte of storage, as well as additional storage if you refer other people to the service. What is USA Gmail address? What Is USA Gmail Address? A USA Gmail address is a Gmail account that is in the United States of America, and it does not have an Indian IP address. If you want to create a new G Suite account for your business or personal use, you can use this type of address instead of an Indian one since it will be more secure and reliable for sending emails from the US. USA Gmail Account How can I get a USA Gmail account without a phone number? You can get a USA Gmail account without a phone number. You can buy a USA Gmail account. You can get a USA Gmail account without an address or email address, as long as you have an Internet connection, which most people do these days anyway! Does USA have Gmail? Gmail is a free, advertising-supported email service provided by Google. It's available as part of a free, advertising-supported offering called Google Apps Free Edition. Email account sign up You can create a new email account for free. To do this, follow these steps: Go to the Gmail website and click "Get started" in the top right corner of your screen. Click "Create an account." The next page will let you choose which type of Gmail account you want to create (personal or business), as well as whether or not it should be encrypted. If it's going to be encrypted, then enter your password twice; if not, then just leave those fields blank. Finally, click "Next Step." USA Gmail Accounts In order to get a USA Gmail account, you need to follow these steps
  • timmhaubrich532 on 26 Dec 23
kelly marshall

The Anit-Masquerade Movement - 0 views

www.umich.edu/...anti.html

anonymity anti.masquerade.movement

shared by kelly marshall on 16 Mar 09 - Cached
  • Like most functions which break barriers of class, gender, and ethnicity by challenging social norms, the eighteenth-century masquerade had strong and vocal opponents.
  • "Middle-class moralist" such as Henry Fielding, Samuel Richardson and Eliza Haywood also aligned themselves with the anti-masquerade movement.
  • through their fictional writing and artistic expression [3]
  • ...13 more annotations...
  • Masked parties were only occasionally broken up by civil authorities
  • . The Weekly Journal
  • as a gathering of "Chamber-Maids, Cook-Maids, Foot-Men, and Apprentices" [5]
  • it was more likely that the event had been hosted by those of the working class rather than by the more prominent people in England's "fashionable society."
  • . Many opponents of the masquerade looked to the foreign influence of other European nations such as Italy and France and the Orient as the diabolical source of the "cultural epidemic" which they believed was invading both the morality and the national pride of England [7].
  • "foreign Diversion" was a conspiracy on the part of foreign nations to neutralize the beauty of English women by forcing them to "hide their charms with a mask" [10].
  • Weekly Journal another writer
  • "conspiracy theories"
  • equated attending the masquerade with the sexual act itself,
  • female attendance at the masquerade was viewed as a heinous, criminal offence, though not condoned, male attendance was more or less tolerated by the critics of the masked balls.
  • claimed that the tragedy of the Lisbon earthquake occurred as a result of the sin and corruption that had been infecting not only English culture but also the culture of the world for many years.
  • As a result of these public outcries, the masquerades were forbidden to take place throughout the following year [15].
  • In her comprehensive study on the eighteenth-century English masquerade, Masquerade and Civilization, Terry Castle explains that the discourse of the anti-masquerade movement which exposed the masquerade as "a threat to bourgeois decorum and national taxonomies" could actually help explain the cultural implications of the decline of the masquerade.
Mike Wesch

YouTube - The YouTube Song - 0 views

www.youtube.com/watch

autoethnography gender midriffs mooks song youtube

shared by Mike Wesch on 27 May 08 - Cached
  • Do you have a big huge butt?Well lets see you shake it like a dirty slut!a million horny guys are watching you on YouTubebut really they're just staring at your huge boobs!
Mike Wesch

The Internet and Social Life (Annual Review of Psychology 2004) - 1 views

proquest.umi.com/pqdweb

history internet web anonymity article

shared by Mike Wesch on 27 Jan 09 - Cached
  • However, the Internet is not merely the Swiss army knife of communications media. It has other critical differences from previously available communication media and settings (see, e.g., McKenna & Bargh 2000), and two of these differences especially have been the focus of most psychological and human-computer interaction research on the Internet. First, it is possible to be relatively anonymous on the Internet, especially when participating in electronic group venues such as chat rooms or newsgroups. This turns out to have important consequences for relationship development and group participation. second, computer-mediated communication (CMC) is not conducted face-to-face but in the absence of nonverbal features of communication such as tone of voice, facial expressions, and potentially influential interpersonal features such as physical attractiveness, skin color, gender, and so on. Much of the extant computer science and communications research has explored how the absence of these features affects the process and outcome of social interactions.
  • Sproull & Kiesler (1985) considered CMC to be an impoverished communication experience, with the reduction of available social cues resulting in a greater sense or feeling of anonymity. This in turn is said to have a deindividuating effect on the individuals involved, producing behavior that is more self-centered and less socially regulated than usual. This reduced-information model of Internet communication assumes further that the reduction of social cues, compared to richer face-to-face situations, must necessarily have negative effects on social interaction (i.e., a weaker, relatively impoverished social interaction).
  • The relative anonymity of the Internet can also contribute to close relationship formation through reducing the risks inherent in self-disclosure. Because selfdisclosure contributes to a sense of intimacy, making self-disclosure easier should facilitate relationship formation. In this regard Internet communication resembles the "strangers on a train" phenomenon described by Rubin (1975; also Derlega & Chaikin 1977). As Kang (2000, p. 1161) noted, "Cyberspace makes talking with strangers easier. The fundamental point of many cyber-realms, such as chat rooms, is to make new acquaintances. By contrast, in most urban settings, few environments encourage us to walk up to strangers and start chatting. In many cities, doing so would amount to a physical threat."Overall, then, the evidence suggests that rather than being an isolating, personally and socially maladaptive activity, communicating with others over the Internet not only helps to maintain close ties with one's family and friends, but also, if the individual is so inclined, facilitates the formation of close and meaningful new relationships within a relatively safe environment.
  • ...7 more annotations...
  • STIGMATIZED IDENTITIES McKenna & Bargh (1998) reasoned that people with stigmatized social identities (see Frable 1993, Jones et al. 1984), such as homosexuality or fringe political beliefs, should be motivated to join and participate in Internet groups devoted to that identity, because of the relative anonymity and thus safety of Internet (compared to face-to-face) participation and the scarcity of such groups in "real life." Moreover, because it is their only venue in which to share and discuss this aspect of their identity, membership in the group should be quite important to these people, and so the norms of such groups should exert a stronger than usual influence over members' behavior. This prediction was confirmed by an archival and observational study of the frequency with which stigmatized-group members posted messages to (i.e., participated in) the group: Unlike in other Internet groups, participation increased when there was positive feedback from the other group members and decreased following negative feedback (McKenna & Bargh 1998, Study 1).
  • ON-LINE SUPPORT In harmony with these conclusions, Davison et al. (2000) studied the provision and seeking of social support on-line by those with grave illnesses, and found that people used Internet support groups particularly for embarrassing, stigmatized illnesses such as AIDS and prostate cancer (and also, understandably, for those illnesses that limit mobility such as multiple sclerosis). The authors point out that because of the anxiety and uncertainty they are feeling, patients are highly motivated by social comparison needs to seek out others with the same illness (p. 213), but prefer to do this on-line when the illness is an embarrassing, disfiguring, or otherwise stigmatized one, because of the anonymity afforded by Internet groups (p. 215).
  • Accordingly, Kang (2000) has argued that one potential social benefit of the Internet is to disrupt the reflexive operation of racial stereotypes, as racial anonymity is much easier to maintain on-line than off-line. For example, studies have found that African Americans and Hispanics pay more than do white consumers for the same car, but these price differences disappear if the car is instead purchased on-line (Scott Morton et al. 2003).
  • Yet racism itself is socially stigmatized-especially when it comes to extreme forms such as advocacy of white supremacy and racial violence (see McKenna & Bargh 1998, Study 3). Thus the cloak of relative anonymity afforded by the Internet can also be used as a cover for racial hate groups, especially for those members who are concerned about public disapproval of their beliefs; hence today there are more than 3000 websites containing racial hatred, agendas for violence, and even bomb-making instructions (Lee & Leets 2002). Glaser et al. (2002) infiltrated such a group and provide telling examples of the support and encouragement given by group members to each other to act on their hatreds. All things considered, then, we don't know yet whether the overall effect of the Internet will be a positive or a negative one where racial and ethnic divisions are concerned.
  • People are not passively affected by technology, but actively shape its use and influence (Fischer 1992, Hughes & Hans 2001). The Internet has unique, even transformational qualities as a communication channel, including relative anonymity and the ability to easily link with others who have similar interests, values, and beliefs. Research has found that the relative anonymity aspect encourages self-expression, and the relative absence of physical and nonverbal interaction cues (e.g., attractiveness) facilitates the formation of relationships on other, deeper bases such as shared values and beliefs. At the same time, however, these "limited bandwidth" features of Internet communication also tend to leave a lot unsaid and unspecified, and open to inference and interpretation.
  • As Lea & Spears (1995) and O'Sullivan (1996) have noted, studying how relationships form and are maintained on the Internet brings into focus the implicit assumptions and biases of our traditional (face-to-face) relationship and communication research literatures (see Cathcart & Gumpert 1983)-most especially the assumptions that face-to-face interactions, physical proximity, and nonverbal communication are necessary and essential to the processes of relating to each other effectively. By providing an alternative interaction setting in which interactions and relationships play by somewhat different rules, and have somewhat different outcomes, the Internet sheds light on those aspects of face-to-face interaction that we may have missed all along. Tyler (2002), for example, reacting to the research findings on Internet interaction, wonders whether it is the presence of physical features that makes face-to-face interaction what it is, or is it instead the immediacy of responses (compared to e-mail)? That's a question we never knew to ask before.
  • Spears et al. (2002) contrasted the engineering model with the "social science" perspective on the Internet, which assumes instead that personal goals and needs are the sole determinant of its effects. [In the domain of communications research, Blumler & Katz's (1974) "uses and gratifications" theory is an influential version of this approach.] According to this viewpoint, the particular purposes of the individuals within the communication setting determine the outcome of the interaction, regardless of the particular features of the communication channel in which the interaction takes place.The third and most recent approach has been to focus on the interaction between features of the Internet communication setting and the particular goals and needs of the communicators, as well as the social context of the interaction setting (see Bargh 2002, McKenna & Bargh 2000, Spears et al. 2002). According to this perspective, the special qualities of Internet social interaction do have an impact on the interaction and its outcomes, but this effect can be quite different depending on the social context. With these three guiding models in mind, we turn to a review of the relevant research.
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