Outcasts! : the story of America's treatment of her Japanese-American minority - 18 views
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Four explanations have been advanced for the evacuation: military necessity, the protection of those evacuated, political and economic pressures, and racial prejudice.
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Briefly, the justification of the evacuation as military necessity is as follows:
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suggesting immediate removal of those of Japanese lineage as a racial group
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Digital History - 15 views
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“Those Japanese and other aliens who move into the interior out of this area now will gain considerable advantage and in all probability will not again be disturbed,” he said.
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California faces the major problem with the Japanese on farm lands on the West Coast, the census figures reveal, as they are listed as owning 68 million dollars worth of farm lands here and only an additional two million dollars worth of farm lands in Oregon and Washington combined.
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They left San Francisco by the hundreds all through last January and February, seeking new homes and new jobs in the East and Midwest. In March, the Army and the Wartime Civil Control Administration took over with a new humane policy of evacuation to assembly and relocation centers where both the country and the Japanese could be given protection.
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San Francisco's mayor wants exclusion act to bar the Japs. Eugene E. Schmitz, labor cha... - 6 views
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San Francisco's labor mayor, the Hon. Eugene E. Schmitz,
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"The Japanese are far more dangerous to us than the Chinese,"
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Japs are to be feared more than the Chinese, primarily because of the cheapness of their labor.
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Group Japanese Internment's best content - 6 views
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Internet Archive: Free Download: Japanese Relocation - 0 views
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Outcasts! : the story of America's treatment of her Japanese-American minority - 1 views
Historical Overview: Japanese Americans - 8 views
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legislation
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legislation
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excluded further Chinese
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impounded - 3 views
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the American anger focused not on the Japanese Imperial government, its expansionist goals, and its role in the Rome-Berlin-Tokyo axis, but on the Japanese as a "race". Racist anti-Japanese propaganda was already well developed on the west coast, but after the attack it was ratcheted up by politicians, the press and, quite likely, big agribusiness interests who thought (quite accurately, it turned out) that they could buy Japanese farms at discounted prices.
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This says that hatred for Japanese did not focus on them being a nation at war with the US, but instead it focused on the Japanese as a race. For example the Americans saw themselves fighting against the Germany Nazis (the government of Germany), however they saw themselves fighting against the Japanese race.
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Agribusiness means farming.
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Digital History - 3 views
jap6.jpg (JPEG Image, 400x336 pixels) - 5 views
A | More | Perfect | Union - 10 views
Holly Forrest Teaches: Class One - Dr. Seuss on WW II - Japanese Internment cartoons - 3 views
Group Japanese Internment's best content - 2 views
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Alien Land Laws - 0 views
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Alien Land Laws - 0 views
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Alien Land Laws -
Reading: Prelude to Incarceration - 4 views
Alien Land Laws - 2 views
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“race” was legally constructed along a white-nonwhite binary, with Chinese immigrants categorized as “nonwhites.”
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This anti-Chinese racism was easily transferred to Japanese agricultural workers, who began entering the country in increasing numbers after 1890.
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Japanese agricultural laborers were classified as “nonwhite,” and they were therefore barred from becoming U.S. citizens
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Korematsu v. United States - 4 views
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In doing so, we are not unmindful of the hardships imposed by it upon a large group of American citizens. Cf. Ex parte Kawato, 317 U.S. 69, 73. But hardships are part of war, and war is an aggregation of hardships. All citizens alike, both in and out of uniform, feel the impact of war in greater or lesser measure. Citizenship has its responsibilities, as well as its privileges, and, in time of war, the burden is always heavier. Compulsory [p220] exclusion of large groups of citizens from their homes, except under circumstances of direst emergency and peril, is inconsistent with our basic governmental institutions. But when, under conditions of modern warfare, our shores are threatened by hostile forces, the power to protect must be commensurate with the threatened danger.
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Like curfew, exclusion of those of Japanese origin was deemed necessary because of the presence of an unascertained number of disloyal members of the group, most of [p219] whom we have no doubt were loyal to this country. It was because we could not reject the finding of the military authorities that it was impossible to bring about an immediate segregation of the disloyal from the loyal that we sustained the validity of the curfew order as applying to the whole group. In the instant case, temporary exclusion of the entire group was rested by the military on the same ground. The judgment that exclusion of the whole group was, for the same reason, a military imperative answers the contention that the exclusion was in the nature of group punishment based on antagonism to those of Japanese origin. That there were members of the group who retained loyalties to Japan has been confirmed by investigations made subsequent to the exclusion. Approximately five thousand American citizens of Japanese ancestry refused to swear unqualified allegiance to the United States and to renounce allegiance to the Japanese Emperor, and several thousand evacuees requested repatriation to Japan