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"As dire as that sounds, panic isn't in order just yet. Researchers are already working on "quantum-resistant" encryption. Some companies claim to have made significant progress in the field. Google, among others, is working on a new form of security for its browser that might rebuff a quantum algorithm."

"Meanwhile, Goel plans on bringing the chatbot to more schools and classes. While he doesn't see Jill completely replacing professors and assistants, he thinks giving more students the opportunity for one-on-one interactions - even if with an AI - will help keep them engaged in the coursework."

"In a discussion of how to secure the "critical infrastructure" of the United States he described the phenomenon of compromised computer hardware - namely, chips that have hidden "back doors" inserted into them at the design or manufacturing stage - as "the problem from hell". And, he went on, "frankly, it's not a problem that can be solved"."

Apparently all games (and who knows what else) for computers will only be available by downloads by the year 2011. If this is a good thing, we shall have to find out in a year's time.

"In a world of cloud computing, everything we do is governed by tens of thousands of words of legal fine-print (including the fine print that warned Mr da Silva that his movies might stop working if he changed the region associated with his Itunes account) that no one (including Mr da Silva, and you, and me) has ever, ever read (famously so!)."

"Proponents say that it's more than just a matter of probability. The laws of physics don't seem that different from code in a program, according to some, and it's likely that with enough time, a sufficiently advanced civilization could crunch the numbers and produce a simulation that mimics the existence and behavior of every particle in our universe."

"It's also important to note that codes are intentionally accessible online. Looking up codes is a typical for programmers, and isn't considered foul play. However, there's a difference between using a publicly available code as assistance in solving a problem and using it as the solution to a problem."

"The computers are connected into a kind of hive mind via a downloadable software, allowing the system to run calculations with greater speed and efficiency than any individual device. This is necessary to do the complex work of simulating how the proteins that make up the novel coronavirus behave and where there could be potential binding sites for drugs to latch on to."

"If we assume that these developments continue, and with them our interest in creating simulations of the world, then at some point in the future - 1,000 years, 100,000 years - it's reasonable to assume that the difference between reality and simulation will become indistinguishable. At which point it will mean we will have created simulated beings with their own consciousness. Advertisement But if that is the inevitable outcome of continued technological advancement, unless nuclear war or some other catastrophe intervenes, then it's quite possible - some would say an overwhelming certainty - that it's already happened, and we are the ancestor simulations created by an advanced post-human civilisation."

Sounds a bit extreme just to make sure no one can log on to your laptop or smartphone, but a team of researchers from Stanford and Northwestern universities as well as SRI International is nonetheless experimenting at the computer-, cognitive- and neuroscience intersection to combat identity theft and shore up cyber security-by taking advantage of the human brain's innate abilities to learn and recognize patterns.