know-where (the
understanding of where to find knowledge needed).
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elearnspace. Connectivism: A Learning Theory for the Digital Age - 2 views
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mkm420fritz on 08 Nov 08Teaching "how" to find the information needs to be integrated into everything that students do. It's not just a technology skill that is taught once a year or lifetime!
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Oscar Sosa on 16 Nov 08How do we begin identifying information that is "know-how/know what" from that information that is "know-where"? Is there knowledge we believe learners should know (unconnected) to function effectively? Language Arts? Math? Are we going to have a generation of people who function well only when connected?
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Tara Parr on 18 Nov 09Not only know HOW to find the information but also how to evaluate it for validity and accuracy...
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Design of learning environments
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Considering the design of the learning environment is something that all teachers can do. Even if the building in which you teach isn't as technologically integrated as you would like it to be, you can take steps within your own classroom to impact the learning environment. I think that we, as teachers, need to take on this responsibility and conciously create learning spaces that prepare students for this new era. Discovering and implementing new web 2.0 tools is definitely a starting point.
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Connectivism is driven by the understanding that decisions are based on rapidly altering foundations. New information is continually being acquired. The ability to draw distinctions between important and unimportant information is vital. The ability to recognize when new information alters the landscape based on decisions made yesterday is also critical.
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I agree that this is an important change that learning theories need to incorporate. I see this everyday in the field of education. Just when we seem to be getting comfortable with something, we are told to change. I find that this reinvigorates my teaching methods and often allows me to combine old and new knowledge to create even more effective lessons. But, HOW do we develop this ability in students? How can I help my elementary school students develop the ability to recognize the most critical information and apply it when it becomes necessary?
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It's a constantly evolving process that doesn't need to be taught just once in a class every year. Students need "practice" with this skill every day in every aspect of what they do. This needs to be part of the system!
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John Seely Brown presents an interesting notion that the internet leverages the small efforts of many with the large efforts of few. The central premise is that connections created with unusual nodes supports and intensifies existing large effort activities. Brown provides the example of a Maricopa County Community College system project that links senior citizens with elementary school students in a mentor program. The children “listen to these “grandparents” better than they do their own parents, the mentoring really helps the teachers…the small efforts of the many- the seniors – complement the large efforts of the few – the teachers.” (2002). This amplification of learning, knowledge and understanding through the extension of a personal network is the epitome of connectivism.
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I never took the time to think about how the internet empowers our small efforts. Researching the internet in this class through blogs, podcasts, and wikispaces has made me more aware of the notion that JSB is presenting to us. Giving our students more web resources and choices in the curriculum would evoke personal connections.
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Connectivism also addresses the challenges that many corporations face in knowledge management activities. Knowledge that resides in a database needs to be connected with the right people in the right context in order to be classified as learning.
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This is so true in corporate and I would imagine in schools as well. We create "learning portals" for some of our departments at work. These are an excellent resource but only if the learners use them. We also have an issue with tracking their use. If the students register and take a class through our LMS, we can track their completion of the course. We have no way of doing this on the portal.
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This is also something that I have had some experience with. Although I don't work in the business world lately I have been collect, analyzing, and evaluating what some of our data means for the school district. I / we our struggling how to use the data and incorporate it into a learning context
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Decision-making is itself a learning process. Choosing what to learn and the meaning of incoming information is seen through the lens of a shifting reality. While there is a right answer now, it may be wrong tomorrow due to alterations in the information climate affecting the decision.
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This is the challenge we face each day as we try to sort through our new web 2.0 tools. Which blogs do we read today? Which postings do I have time to read in Diigo? How does the post I read yesterday on this topic differ from the post I read today on the same topic? I agree that we learn through making these decisions.
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Think about how much information is available to us today. Now think about how much more will be available even tomorrow. This idea of decision-making is very important for our students. If we continue to shelter them from this reality in schools, they will be lacking an essential skill when they graduate. They need to be able to make evaluative decisions in order to manage the incredible amount of information.
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When people get to make a choice about that they are leaning and how they will go about learing it they are more likely to retain that information. They get to be involed in their learning procees.
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How do learning theories address moments where performance is needed in the absence of complete understanding?
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“Experience has long been considered the best teacher of knowledge. Since we cannot experience everything, other people’s experiences, and hence other people, become the surrogate for knowledge. ‘I store my knowledge in my friends’ is an axiom for collecting knowledge through collecting people (undated).”
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This is an interesting point that supports the idea of allowing students to use their cell phones and other digital devices to retrieve information needed for a test. In that case, the questions the teacher asks can no longer be simple recall of facts (unless being able to acquire information is the goal). Instead, teachers will need to ask their students to dig deeper (i.e. Bloom's taxonomy). This will be a difficult transition for teachers to accept.
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I agree but have a hard-time figuring out where to draw the line regarding the information that is accessed versus the information that is stored within the individual. Do we want a generation of learner that can only retrieve knowledge from a device?
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Is is the retrieval of information (low on Bloom's) or how they apply/evaluate that information that is important?
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Informal learning is a significant aspect of our learning experience. Formal education no longer comprises the majority of our learning. Learning now occurs in a variety of ways – through communities of practice, personal networks, and through completion of work-related tasks. Learning is a continual process, lasting for a lifetime. Learning and work related activities are no longer separate. In many situations, they are the same.
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Chaos, as a science, recognizes the connection of everything to everything. Gleick (1987) states: “In weather, for example, this translates into what is only half-jokingly known as the Butterfly Effect – the notion that a butterfly stirring the air today in Peking can transform storm systems next month in New York” (p. 8). This analogy highlights a real challenge: “sensitive dependence on initial conditions” profoundly impacts what we learn and how we act based on our learning. Decision making is indicative of this. If the underlying conditions used to make decisions change, the decision itself is no longer as correct as it was at the time it was made. The ability to recognize and adjust to pattern shifts is a key learning task.
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I so agree with this paragraph. We are in an ever-changing world. As we change and gain new knowledge, we are still connected to our previous knowledge and experiences. I just finished writing a reflective paper for another class that I'm taking and part of my paper talked about "change management." Depending upon where a person is in their life, he or she can be in a changing state every minute of the day, which can be extremely chaotic. At the same time, because the individual can still connect to what's familiar there's an aspect of change that can be comforting and calming, which then impacts one's behavior. As Siemens states, the ability to recognize and adjust to this change (pattern shifts) is a key learning effort. This can be difficult to teach and adopt.
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When knowledge, however, is needed, but not known, the ability to plug into sources to meet the requirements becomes a vital skill. As knowledge continues to grow and evolve, access to what is needed is more important than what the learner currently possesses.
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Learning may reside in non-human appliances.
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Our ability to learn what we need for tomorrow is more important than what we know today.
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This quote is so true for my current position. We are constantly researching our information for answers for tomorrow. We are always preparing for the possiblities of what tomorrow might bring. Once we learn these answers, we are able to move forward and implement them for use today. It enhances our knowledge and allows us to grow in our positions.
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Learning and knowledge rests in diversity of opinions
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learning occurs inside a person
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Personal knowledge is comprised of a network, which feeds into organizations and institutions, which in turn feed back into the network, and then continue to provide learning to individual.
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no longer an internal, individualistic activity. How people work and function is altered when new tools are utilized
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Constructivism assumes that learners are not empty vessels to be filled with knowledge. Instead, learners are actively attempting to create meaning. Learners often select and pursue their own learning.
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Nodes that successfully acquire greater profile will be more successful at acquiring additional connections. In a learning sense, the likelihood that a concept of learning will be linked depends on how well it is currently linked.
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Luis Mateus Rocha (1998) defines self-organization as the “spontaneous formation of well organized structures, patterns, or behaviors, from random initial conditions.” (p.3). Learning, as a self-organizing process requires that the system (personal or organizational learning systems) “be informationally open, that is, for it to be able to classify its own interaction with an environment, it must be able to change its structure…” (p.4). Wiley and Edwards acknowledge the importance of self-organization as a learning process: “Jacobs argues that communities self-organize is a manner similar to social insects: instead of thousands of ants crossing each other’s pheromone trails and changing their behavior accordingly, thousands of humans pass each other on the sidewalk and change their behavior accordingly.”. Self-organization on a personal level is a micro-process of the larger self-organizing knowledge constructs created within corporate or institutional environments. The capacity to form connections between sources of information, and thereby create useful information patterns, is required to learn in our knowledge economy.
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Many learners will move into a variety of different, possibly unrelated fields over the course of their lifetime.
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My resume attests to the validity of this statement; disc jockey, hotel concierge, English teacher, TV Studio teacher. It is sometimes difficult to get learners to fantasize about the surprises life may have in store for them, and even more difficult to teach skills that students think will have no impact on their future because it doesn't apply to their "destined" profession.
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Constructivism 1suggests that learners create knowledge as they attempt to understand their experiences (Driscoll, 2000, p. 376). Behaviorism and cognitivism view knowledge as external to the learner and the learning process as the act of internalizing knowledge. 1Constructivism assumes that learners are not empty vessels to be filled with knowledge. Instead, learners are actively attempting to create meaning. Learners often select and pursue their own learning. Constructivist principles acknowledge that real-life learning is messy and complex. Classrooms which emulate the “fuzziness” of this learning will be more effective in preparing learners for life-long learning.
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I'm confused. Is there a debate going on about which of these theories is most valid? Or, as I think, are all of these theories valid, but dependent on the individual? Just as there are different learning styles and intelligences, can't their be different motivations and processes for knowledge? One student may be a constructivist, another a behaviorist, etc.
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What adjustments need to made with learning theories when technology performs many of the cognitive operations previously performed by learners (information storage and retrieval).
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I think this can be a large barrier for some teachers who are resistant to technology in the classroom. They see these technologies as replacing actual though. It starts with a calculator and goes all the way up to simulations and decision making software. Even "googleing" something has taken away the traditional research methods of books and libraries. To expand on this, it also replaces te way in which teaching is presented, which might scare off teachers. To many, a SMART board is just an overpriced whiteboard, and in there minds is useless because they can use a whiteboard much easier.
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constructivism
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This article introduces the relatively new learning theory of Connectivism. It attempts to explain a new theory of learning in this digital age of Web 2.0.
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This article introduces the relatively new learning theory of Connectivism. It attempts to explain a new theory of learning in this digital age of Web 2.0.
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This article introduces the relatively new learning theory of Connectivism. It attempts to explain a new theory of learning in this digital age of Web 2.0.
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This article introduces the relatively new learning theory of Connectivism. It attempts to explain a new theory of learning in this digital age of Web 2.0.
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Interesting Will! One of the hats I wore as a building tech coordinator for an elementary school was the TV Studio "producer". We produced the morning show- I tried to use as many KIDS in the process as i could. One controled the main controller, one on sound, two others on camera. A Lot of work but a great experience. I no longer wear that hat ;-(
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