INNOVATION IN AGRIBUSINESS

Home About ISCOM Sustainable Chain Management Projects News Publications Contact Links ISCOM ISCOM's projects focus on sustainable production and Sustainable Chain Management in particular. This means that the entire production chain is taken into account, from quality management for farmers to marketing and sales. Currently, ISCOM is strongly devoted to the cause of small-scale farmers in developing countries as producers of commodities. Commodities are products - both in agriculture and industry - which in many places in the world are produced in great quantities. Examples are rice, cocoa, coffee, pineapple and French beans. Here the sustainability strategies take the interests of the farmers are point of departure: sustainable agriculture, poverty reduction and professionalisation. ISCOM is also active in research - both strategic and applied - from a broader social perspective, such as sustainable purchasing and climate-based policies in developing countries. Moreover, first steps are taken to develop with various partners management courses based on the principles just mentione

Entrepreneurship & Regional Development: An International Journal Volume 22, Issue 6, 2010 Online Sample       Subscribe Increasing to 10 issues in 2011 ISSN: 1464-5114 (electronic) 0898-5626 (paper) Publication Frequency: 10 issues per year Subjects: Economic Geography; Entrepreneurship; Regional Geography - Human Geography; Publisher: Routledge Issue Purchase: US$171.42 - buy now     add to cart      Share  Add to marked list  Link  Alert me View new articles ahead of the print edition Editorial Social entrepreneurship and enterprise: International and innovation perspectives Elizabeth Chell; Katerina Nicolopoulou; Mine Karataş-Özkan Pages 485 - 493 Full Text PDF | Full Text HTML | Abstract References | Request Permissions | Related Articles  Buy now Original Articles Integrating social entrepreneurship and conflict engagement for regional development in divided societies Victor J. Friedman; Helena Desivilya Pages 495 - 514 Full Text PDF | Full Text HTML | Abstract References | Request Permissions | Cited By | Related Articles  Buy now A process-based view of social entrepreneurship: From opportunity identification to scaling-up social change in the case of San Patrignano Francesco Perrini; Clodia Vurro; Laura A. Costanzo Pages 515 - 534 Full Text PDF | Full Text HTML | Abstract References | Request Permissions | Related Articles  Buy now Social entrepreneurship and innovation: Self-organization in an indigenous context Paul Tapsell; Christine Woods Pages 535 - 556 Full Text PDF | Full Text HTML | Abstract References | Request Permissions | Related Articles  Buy now Diversity management for innovation in social enterprises in the UK Ruth Bridgstock; Fiona Lettice; Mustafa F. Özbilgin; Ahu Tatli Pages 557 - 574 Full Text PDF | Full Text HTML | Abstract References | Request Permissions | Related Articles  Buy now Different types of social entrepreneurship: The role of geography and embe

Orchestrating innovation networks: The case of innovation brokers in the agri-food sector Entrepreneurship & Regional Development: An International Journal Volume 22, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 47 - 76 Authors: Maarten H. Batterinkab; Emiel F. M. Wubbena; Laurens Klerkxc; S. W. F. (Onno) Omtaa DOI: 10.1080/08985620903220512 Online Sample       Subscribe Abstract This explorative study of network orchestration processes conducted by innovation brokers addresses new issues in bridging small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and research institutes in innovation networks. The study includes four in-depth case studies in the agri-food sector from different countries: the Netherlands, Germany and France. A guiding research question is how innovation brokers successfully orchestrate innovation networks of SMEs. Based on literature research and cases, we conclude that the innovation broker may have great added value for innovation networks with divergent organizations, especially when the innovation broker takes the lead in three network orchestration functions: innovation initiation, network composition and innovation process management. In addition, the case findings offer best practices of innovation brokers for these orchestration processes.

obilising the entrepreneurial potential in local community development Entrepreneurship & Regional Development: An International Journal Volume 23, Issue 1 & 2, 2011, Pages 23 - 35 Author: Olav R. Spillinga DOI: 10.1080/08985626.2011.540406 Online Sample       Subscribe Abstract This article focuses on the 'younger' Bengt Johannisson and some of his early studies aiming at developing an adequate understanding of the role of small firms in local communities, and how local mobilisation and the role of entrepreneurship could contribute to revitalisation of declining communities. Based on the network approach, he developed his perspectives on organising context and the socially constructed environment, and how the process of entrepreneurship could be regarded as a process of managing personal networks by which the entrepreneurs also enacted the environment. His approach to entrepreneurship stood at the time in strong contrast to traditional and mainstream entrepreneurship research, and in this way, he played an important role as a pioneer as well as an outsider in entrepreneurship research.

The relationship between resources, entrepreneurial orientation and performance in farm-based ventures Entrepreneurship & Regional Development: An International Journal Volume 23, Issue 3 & 4, 2011, Pages 89 - 111 Authors: Jorunn Grandea; Einar Lier Madsenb; Odd Jarl Borchb DOI: 10.1080/08985620903183710 Online Sample       Subscribe Abstract The purpose of this paper is to investigate how firm-specific resources and entrepreneurial orientation (EO) of the firm may influence performance in small farm-based ventures. It builds upon theoretical strands from the resource-based and entrepreneurship perspectives. Research within these fields indicates that these relationships might be dependent on the context within which the firm operates. Hypotheses are developed to test the possible effect of entrepreneurial efforts and resources (financial position, farm size, location, network and unique competence) on short- and long-term performance. Data gathered in 2003 and 2006 from farms engaged in innovative ventures were used to test the hypotheses. The results show that financial capacity, unique competence and entrepreneurial efforts influence performance in the investigated firms. This suggests that firms do get paid back in the long run for engaging in entrepreneurial efforts. Thus, entrepreneurial activities and attitudes represent an important factor enabling firms to create, reconsider and apply their resources in more efficient ways.

Intellectual property rights, strategy and policy Economics of Innovation and New Technology Volume 13, Issue 5, 2004, Pages 399 - 415 Author: Lee Davis DOI: 10.1080/1043859042000188683 Online Sample       Subscribe Abstract This introductory essay to the special edition explores the changing role of intellectual property rights (IPRs), and the implications of these changes for firm strategy and industrial policy. Four recent, interrelated trends are important in this regard: (1) the growing prominence of intangible assets as sources of competitive advantage, (2) the globalization of business activities, (3) advances in digital technologies of replicability and transferability, and (4) changes in the legal framework governing the strength and scope of IPRs. We focus, in particular, on the impact of these trends on the importance and effectiveness of patents. We argue that while patents have become more valuable to firms, to fulfill a variety of strategic goals, they seem to have become less effective in actually motivating R&D. This distorts the 'bargain' implied by the patent system, increasing the social costs of patenting while decreasing the social benefits. To help restore this balance, various reforms may be implemented, including the use of alternative incentive systems.

Search About CSDi CSDi is firmly committed to proven, results-based solutions to end suffering and poverty. Our goal is to spread these solutions across the globe through our in-depth field guides and interactive online workshops. Work with us and become the solution. We've trained development professionals... in 103 countries who have developed course projects... impacting over 100,000 people. ~ What our students are saying: I really appreciate the time you have taken to go through correcting assignments.... I am very confident that all your labours are producing lots of learning and stimulation for your students. MATT, IRELAND Facebook Like Box Upcoming Courses ¡Cursos Nuevos en Español! May 17 - July 11 101: From the Ground Up May 17 - July 11 341: Community Based Adaptation to Climate Change May 17 - July 11 Adaptación Basado en la Comunidad-CBA May 17 - July 11 Upcoming Online Development Courses May 2011 Community Based Adaptation: 300 Hands-On Field Activities Donate CSDi, a 501c3, relies on your generous donations for our work, training individuals to be the solution in communities across the globe. News Newsletter: March Newsletter: Project Sustainability: Put the Community in Charge. Field Project of the Month: Rainwater Harvesting: Mexico City Google Translate Translate This Website Powered by Google Tradutor iLearning Experience Student Testimonials International Partnerships Learning Environment Student Field Projects Example Assignment: Kenya Student Countries, Organizations, Project Challenges HANDS-ON FIELD ACTIVITIES FOR COMMUNITY-BASED ADAPTATION Module OL 340: Community-Based Adaptation to Climate Change Posted by Tim Magee CSDi is pleased to present a compilation of Community Based Adaptation Field Activities-complete with links to source materials and technical information-compiled from case studies & from projects developed by CSDi field partners & online students. We encourage you to submit activities: Onl

SEMIMONOGRÁFICO CRISIS DEL MODELO AGROALIMENTARIO Y ALTERNATIVAS Presentación / Manuel Gonzalez de Molina y Xavier Simón El sistema agroalimentario globalizado: imperios alimentarios y degradación social y ecológica / Manuel Delgado Cabeza Agroecología: potenciando la agricultura campesina para revertir el hambre y la inseguridad alimentaria en el mundo / Miguel A. Altieri y Clara I. Nicholls Políticas públicas y alternativas agroecológicas en Brasil: perspectivas para la seguridad y soberanía alimentaria / Francisco Roberto Caporal y Paulo Petersen Agroecología y Decrecimiento. Una alternativa sostenible a la configuración del actual sistema agroalimentario español / Manuel González de Molina y Juan Infante Amate Construyendo alternativas agroecológicas al sistema agroalimentario global: acción y reacción en el estado español Xavier Simón Fernández, Damián Copena Rodríguez y / Lucía Rodríguez Amoedo

Programa Nacional de Águas Subterrâneas A estrutura programática concebida para o Plano Nacional de Recursos Hídricos (PNRH) reflete os princípios da Agenda 21, das Metas de Desenvolvimento do Milênio e guardam estreita relação com os fundamentos da Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos e os conceitos que regem o contexto institucional preconizado pelo modelo de gestão das águas vigente no País (SRHU, 2006). O PNRH está organizado em quatro componentes principais, subdivididos em 13 programas e 30 subprogramas. Também prevê ações emergenciais, de curto, médio e longo prazos, para os horizontes temporais de 2007, 2011, 2015 e 2020, respectivamente. O terceiro componente e a meta seis do PNRH expressam ações em espaços territoriais cujas peculiaridades ambientais, regionais ou tipologias de problemas relacionados à água conduzem a um outro recorte, onde os limites não necessariamente coincidem com o de uma bacia hidrográfica, e que necessitam de programas concernentes à especificidade de seus problemas. Neste contexto insere-se o Programa VIII do Plano Nacional de Recursos Hídricos - Programa Nacional de Águas Subterrâneas. Contexto Embora a dominialidade das águas subterrâneas seja dos estados, estas estão sendo tratadas em um programa nacional, haja vista a necessidade da gestão integrada deste recurso e o fato dos aqüíferos quase sempre extrapolarem os limites das bacias hidrográficas, estados e países, sendo necessários mecanismos de articulação entre os entes envolvidos. Também não deve ser esquecido o papel dos municípios na gestão de recursos hídricos, pois estes são os responsáveis pela política de uso e ocupação do solo, que tem relação direta com a proteção das águas subterrâneas. Subprogramas O Programa Nacional de Águas Subterrâneas é subdividido em 3 subprogramas: Subprograma VIII. 1 - Ampliação do Conhecimento Hidrogeológico A ampliação do conhecimento hidrogeológico é a p

Call for Abstracts The Management of the Guarani Aquifer System: An Example of Cooperation 21-23 September 2011, São Paulo Deadline for Abstracts: 30 April 2011 -------------------------------------------------------------------- In August 2010 Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay, countries that share the Guarani Aquifer System (GAS), signed a new agreement for the management of this complex system. The four countries are now involved in the ratification process and in the negotiations of instititutional aspects, including discussions regarding an annex to the Agreement on arbitration procedures.  Against this background, the management of the GAS can benefit from a debate about the steps that have been taken until now, and about the challenges that lay ahead. The conference "The Management of the Guarani Aquifer System: An Example of Cooperation" provides this opportunity and the organisers invite researchers, consultants and water management experts to submit an abstract for one of the three sessions of the conference: (1)  An assessment of the scientific knowledge on the GAS (2) Current use and protection of the Guarani Aquifer System (3) The GAS and regional cooperation The conference contributes to the UNESCO ISARM (Internationally Shared Aquifers Resource Management) Programme (http://www.isarm.net/) Initiative and is supported by the Associacao Brasileira de Aguas Subterraneas, the Associacao Brasilerira de Recursos Hidricos, the Sociedade Brasileira de Geologia de Engenharia and the Sociedade Brasileira de Geologia. Organising Committee: Ricardo Hirata, Centro de Pesquisas de Água Subterrânea - Instituto de Geociências da Universidade de São Paulo (CEPAS - IGc/USP)Geroncio Rocha, Secretaria do Meio Ambiente do Estado de São PauloFrancesco Sindico, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom For further information on the conference, including how to submit an abstract, please see http://www.igc.usp.br/index.php?id=446 or refer to the

Donald F. Larson's Scholarly Papers Click on the title of any column to sort the table by that column. Aggregate Statistics Total Downloads 5,552 Total Citations 84 Papers (30) Authors Date Downloads  (Rank) Citations ACTIONS:    Email Selected Abstracts    Export Selected Bibliographic Info    VIEW: Selected      Original List     All Versions       All Abstracts       Legend 1.   Commodity Risk Management and Development | Show Abstract | Download | World Bank Policy Research Paper No. 1963 Working Paper Series Donald F. F. Larson World Bank Development Research Group Panos Varangis World Bank - Agriculture and Rural Development Department Nanae Yabuki United Nations - Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Posted: 07 Oct 04 1,081 (5,084) 8 2.   Dealing with Commodity Price Uncertainty | Show Abstract | Download | World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 1667 Working Paper Series Panos Varangis World Bank - Agriculture and Rural Development Department Donald F. F. Larson World Bank Development Research Group Posted: 24 Nov 04 599 (12,921) 13 3.   Uncertainty and the Price for Crude Oil Reserves | Show Abstract | Download | World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 1655 Working Paper Series Donald F. F. Larson World Bank Development Research Group Posted: 20 Oct 04 536 (15,210)   4.   Warehouse Receipts: Facilitating Credit and Commodity Markets | Show Abstract | Download | Working Paper Series Daniele Giovannucci Committee on Sustainability Assessment (COSA) Panos Varangis World Bank - Agriculture and Rural Development Department Donald F. F. Larson World Bank Development Research Group Posted: 15 Jan 07 375 (24,641) 1 5.   Carbon Markets, Institutions, Policies, and Research | Show Abstract | Download | World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 4761 Working Paper Series Donald F. F. Larson World Bank Development Research Group Philippe Ambrosi World Bank Ariel Dinar World Bank - Agriculture and Rura

Encyclopedia of Environmental Health Pages 498-504 doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-52272-6.00733-9 | How to Cite or Link Using DOI Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.   Permissions & Reprints Carbon Sequestration and Agriculture     Purchase $ 31.50 S. Mandlebauma and J. Nriagua a School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Available online 23 February 2011. Abstract Recent increases in global temperature are correlated with carbon dioxide emitted from natural and anthropogenic sources, most importantly fossil fuel combustion and land use changes. Although technologies and policies are being proposed and tested to reduce emissions, modification of carbon sinks may provide an important mitigation option. Sinks of some global importance include terrestrial vegetation, oceans, rock weathering, soils, and artificially created dumpsters. Increasing carbon storage in soils through agriculture could be used as a short-term intervention. Many agricultural practices can increase the amount of organic carbon in soil. These include agronomic practices, water management practices, agroforestry, land cover change, and reduced or no-till practices. The effect of these practices on global warming needs to be considered, including the environmental conditions of various farms, the actual mitigation potential of soil sequestration, and the requirement of continuing no-till practices once implemented. This article elaborates on the concept that changing agricultural practices represents a possible climate change mitigation strategy by increasing the soil sequestration potential. This intervention is expected to result in increased crop production and a betterment of human health, especially in the developing countries. Author Keywords: Agriculture; Agronomic practices; Capacity; Carbon; Carbon cycle; Carbon dioxide; Climate change; Conservation; Health; Sequestration; Sink; Soil; Storage; Tilla

ARE 242 Spring 2005 Course Syllabus   Gordon Rausser Tuesdays and Thursdays, 12:30-2:00 201 Giannini Hall     Class Date Reading Assignment Tuesday January 18 Rausser, G.C. and R.E. Goodhue. "Public Policy: Its Many Analytical Dimensions," in Handbook of Agricultural Economics, B. Gardner and G. Rausser (eds.). Volume 2, Chapter 39, Elsevier North Holland, 2002.   Thursday January 20 Alston, J.M. and J.S. James. "The Incidence of Agricultural Policy," in Handbook of Agricultural Economics, B. Gardner and G. Rausser (eds.). Volume 2, Chapter 33, Elsevier North Holland, 2002.   Chambers, R.G., "The incidence of agricultural policies," Journal of Public Economics 57, (1995) 317-335.   Floyd, J.E. "The Effects of Farm Price Supports on the Returns to Land and Labor in Agriculture." Journal of Political Economy 73 (1965), p. 148-158.   Tuesday January 25 Baylis, K., G. Rausser, and L. Simon, "Agri-Environmental Program in the United States and European Union," in Agricultural Policy Reform and the WTO: Where Are We Heading?," G. Anania, M.E. Bohman, C.A. Carter, and A.F. McCalla (eds.) Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2004.   Glebe, T.W. "Multifunctionality: How "Green" is the "European Model of Agriculture"? Environmental Economics, Resource Economics and Agricultural Policy Research Group, Discussion Paper 01-2003.   Swinbank, A. "Multifunctionality: A European Euphemism for Protection?" Presented at the FWAG Conference: Multifunctional Agriculture-A European Model, Stoneleigh, UK, November 29, 2001.   Thursday January 27 Hodge, I. "Agri-environmental Relationships and the Choice of Policy Mechanism," The World Economy, 26 (5), May, 2003, 705-725.   Blandford, D. and R.N. Boisvert, "Multifunctional Agriculture-A View from the United States," Plenary paper presented at the 90th EAAE Seminar: Multifunctional Agriculture, Policies and Markets: Understanding the Critical Linkage; Rennes, France, October 28-29, 200

Government-driven knowledge networks as precursors to emerging sectors: A case of the hydrogen energy sector in Korea Hyundo Choi*, Sangook Park**‡ and Jeong-dong Lee† + Author Affiliations *Hyundo Choi, Technology Management, Economics and Policy Program, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shillim-Dong, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul 151-742, South Korea. e-mail: image97@snu.ac.kr **Sangook Park, Science and Technology Policy Research Unit, The Freeman Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 9QE, UK. e-mail: sangook.park@gmail.com †Jeong-dong Lee, Technology Management, Economics and Policy Program, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shillim-Dong, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul 151-742, South Korea. e-mail: leejd@snu.ac.kr ↵‡Main author for correspondence. Abstract The government-driven knowledge network of the hydrogen energy sector in Korea provides a good case study for an R&D network incorporating necessary building blocks; it can be regarded as a precursor to an emerging sector even before business relationships form, especially one which involves emerging technologies. Using the social network analysis method, the R&D network is presented in this article. The results show that public research organizations and large firms are key actors with strong collaborative relations, and that they engage in clusters spanning over existing sectors. A government, as a network organizer and manager, could provide the necessary initiatives to facilitate the sharing of risks and solidifying the knowledge base for an emerging sector.

Convencidos de obter grandes lucros, muitos bancos, fundos de investimento, grandes grupos industriais, Estados e milionários privados planejam instalar, na África, fazendas-empresa gigantes, a fim de produzir alimentos e biocombustíveis exclusivamente para exportação por Joan Baxter Entre 18 e 19 de novembro de 2009, o Centro de Conferências Elizabeth II, em Londres, acolheu investidores britânicos em Serra Leoa. No fórum, o ex-primeiro-ministro Tony Blair, cuja fundação para a África patrocinou o evento, incitava os participantes a adquirirem propriedades rurais num país que, em suas palavras, "dispõe de milhões de hectares de terras aráveis1." Levado pelo seu entusiasmo, Blair parece ter se esquecido dos milhões de serra-leoneses que dependem das culturas que produzem nestas áreas. Convencidos de obter grandes lucros, muitos bancos, fundos de investimento, grandes grupos industriais, Estados e milionários privados planejam instalar, na África, fazendas-empresa gigantes, a fim de produzir alimentos e biocombustíveis exclusivamente para exportação. Essas operações de venda de lotes e arrendamento em longo prazo são prontamente rotuladas como programas de desenvolvimento para o benefício mútuo, tanto dos poderes financeiros envolvidos quanto dos países africanos. Entre os defensores desta abordagem estão a Sociedade Financeira Internacional (IFC), do Banco Mundial2, e o Fundo Internacional de Desenvolvimento Agrícola (FIDA), agência especializada das Nações Unidas. Apesar da relutância inicial de seu diretor-geral, Jacques Diouf, que a descreveu como "uma forma de neocolonialismo", a Organização das Nações Unidas para Alimentação e Agricultura (FAO) acabou apoiando a proposta. Numerosos são os exemplos dessa liquidação de terras que está acontecendo na África. A China teria obtido, na República Democrática do Congo (RDC), uma concessão de 2,8 milhões de hectares para implantar o maior palmeiral do mundo3.

By Yuriy Humber and Ichiro Suzuki Mitsui & Co. plans to buy 44.2 percent of Brazilian grain broker Multigrain SA from CHS Inc. of the U.S. for 40 billion yen ($482 million), the Nikkei newspaper reported. The deal will raise Mitsui's stake in Multigrain to 88.4 percent and the Japanese trading company has plans to make the broker wholly owned, the report said, citing unidentified Mitsui executives. Mitsui wants to become more competitive in the grains market, Nikkei said. A Tokyo-based Mitsui spokeswoman wouldn't confirm or deny the Nikkei report, declining to be identified in line with corporate policy. Calls to Sao Paulo-based Multigrain and Minnesota-based CHS went unanswered outside normal working hours. Mitsui paid $123.75 million to increase its stake in Multigrain to 39.35 percent, Japan's second-largest trading company said in October 2008. Multigrain in 2007 sold $200 million in new shares to Mitsui and CHS, Mitsui said. Multigrain owns in excess of 100,000 hectares of farm land, equal to 2 percent of the total cultivated land of Japan, Mitsui said in a 2007 statement. To contact the reporters on this story: Yuriy Humber in Tokyo at yhumber@bloomberg.net; Ichiro Suzuki in Tokyo at isuzuki@bloomberg.net

Review Food Applications of Nanotechnologies: An Overview of Opportunities and Challenges for Developing Countries Qasim Chaudhry, a, and Laurence Castlea a The Food and Environment Research Agency, Sand Hutton, York. YO41 1LZ. UK Received 23 July 2010;  revised 5 January 2011;  accepted 6 January 2011.  Available online 14 January 2011. Abstract Like other sectors, recent developments in nanosciences and nanotechnologies are offering lots of new opportunities for innovation to food and related sectors worldwide. Whist developing countries can potentially benefit from these developments, there are also a number of challenges ahead. This concise review provides an account of the main issues emanating from applications of nanotechnologies in food and related sectors with a particular reference to developing countries. Corresponding author. Tel.: +44 1904-462584; Fax: +44 1904-462

Abstracts for papers and proposals for sessions (no more than 500 words) will be considered by the conference Scientific Committee. For sessions an overview and 3-4 abstracts should be proposed, and a session chair identified. Both, paper abstracts and session proposals should be submitted to it-apn2010@ivm.vu.nl by 15 October 2010. The conference Scientific Committee will provide decisions on selected papers and sessions by the 30 October 2010. Those invited to present will be asked to provide short papers by 15 December 2010. These will be made available on the conference website: http://umconference.um.edu.my/it-apn2011 prior to the meeting. Authors of accepted papers will be invited to make 15 minute presentations at the conference. Guidelines for Fullpaper Submission The full papers should be up to 8000 words and include title, authors names and affiliations incl. address, telephone and email, abstract, main text and references. Pls number your pages. Figures and tables should be part of the text and not a separate file. We do not define font, spacing or format - just be reasonable by avoiding extremes. The full papers should rather be submitted as pdfs for better protection but of course word files will also be accepted. Papers Accepted for Presentation 012 The development of biofuel in Indonesia from diffusion and stakeholder interactions - Joni Jupesta   014 Niche management policy to increase the market share of Alternative Fuel Vehicles : A system dynamics model of the policy effect - Tae-Hyeong Kwon   015 Enhancing Sustained Adoption of Innovations: The Case of Bio-nitrogen Fertilizer in the Philippines - Linda Penalba   016 Enabling poverty relevant bio-fertilizer bio-innovation systems - lessons from India - Sunita Sungar   017 Ethical Market: Ethnographic Encounter with Global Market, CML patients, and Glivec in South Korea - Eun Jeong Ma   018 Surge of high-input vegetable production in northern Thailand: Is the innovation pro-poor and gende

Abstract As old as civilization itself, international trade is fundamentally important to the economic well-being of nations and their regions. As with any other economic activity, international trade has a geography. Despite this geographic nature of international trade, it is a relatively unexplored topic by economic geographers. This is not to say that economic geographers do not investigate international economic activity, only that they do not study the more general processes of international trade. In this paper, I review three facets of international trade that imply the importance of geography undertaken by economists and geographers: theory, borders, and regions. Recent theoretical research implicates the importance of geography as an integral component of trade theory; the political geography of trade (borders) is shown to have differential effects in different regions; and the formation of regional trading blocs reveals that geography is still important for understanding international relationships. All three of these facets are fundamentally geographical. It is argued here that the discipline of economic geography must broaden its scope in order to apply a geographical imagination to the understanding of international trade