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Joe Kanagawa

BBC News - Rail fares up by average 6.2% in new year - 1 views

www.bbc.co.uk/uk-11818904

shared by Joe Kanagawa on 06 Jun 12 - No Cached
  • Rail fares up by average 6.2% in new year
    • Joe Kanagawa
      Joe Kanagawa on 06 Jun 12
       
      (reposting, deleted by accident) - Micro
Christian Bager

Fat tax: Denmark's fat tax strikes again | GlobalPost - 1 views

www.globalpost.com/...-denmark-fat-tax-strikes-again

denmark fat tax government

shared by Christian Bager on 01 Jun 12 - No Cached
  • Denmark first slapped a fat tax on saturated fats. Now lawmakers plan to hit sugar, and even chocolate consumption, in the second wave of its pioneering assault on the country's bulging waistlines and clogged arteries.
    • Christian Bager
      Christian Bager on 01 Jun 12
       
      The attempts of government intervention to change the demand of fat in the past and what the government is attempting to repeat now, in order to change the demand of sugar and chocolate. This will also change the supply of the goods, since the tax will hit the producer as well.
  • Denmark will levy an extra six Danish Kroner ($1.05) on every kilogram of chocolate. The tax would go into effect on January 1.
    • Christian Bager
      Christian Bager on 01 Jun 12
       
      This section shows the desired price, through the addition of the tax. It also gives a very exact target date for when the tax should be started up. This allows for graphs to be drawn before and after the event.
  • From 2013, lawmakers plan a levy on the sugar-content of processed food set at as much as 24 Kroner ($4.20) per kilogram.
    • Christian Bager
      Christian Bager on 01 Jun 12
       
      This shows how over time further taxes will be put on products, showing further change in demand and supply and the SRAS and LRAS.
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • "The new tax on sugar in food will first be implemented from 2013, and the details will be discussed in the coming year,"
    • Christian Bager
      Christian Bager on 01 Jun 12
       
      Showing that further un decided taxes are also going to be implemented.
  • The rationale is to improve the health in the Danish population by giving a stronger incitement to buy more healthy food.
    • Christian Bager
      Christian Bager on 01 Jun 12
       
      This shows the reasoning for the change in taxation. However it does not actually show that this will impact the demand of alternative products.
  • It's a trend that could be mimicked all over the world
    • Christian Bager
      Christian Bager on 01 Jun 12
       
      Showing that these taxes may spread into other economies.
  • Danish bakers, famed for their flaky cinnamon pastries, are predictably up in arms.
  • Mike Rayner, Director of Oxford University’s Health Promotion Research Group, said that combining the fat tax with higher taxes on sugary products would prevent people substituting fatty foods with sugary treats.
  • "I think the saturated fat tax by itself would not have been particularly useful, but a saturated fat tax in conjunction with a higher tax on sugary products means they are trying to tackle unhealthy foods on two fronts."
Ryo Sakai

FICCI wants government to end monopoly of Coal India - Economic Times - 1 views

articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/...ing-ficci-president-coal-india

shared by Ryo Sakai on 06 Jun 12 - No Cached
    • Ryo Sakai
      Ryo Sakai on 06 Jun 12
       
      Why are monopolies bad? Other good suggestions such as monopolistic competition and perfect competition. 
    • Ryo Sakai
      Ryo Sakai on 06 Jun 12
       
      Wants to end monopoly because they need more demand for coal
  • Ryo Sakai on 06 Jun 12
     
    This will be my IA article
Kat Whatley

Wesfarmers upbeat on retailing - 1 views

www.smh.com.au/...-retailing-20120530-1zjgy.html

shared by Kat Whatley on 31 May 12 - No Cached
  • cheaper, unbranded groceries were good for customers.
    • Kat Whatley
      Kat Whatley on 31 May 12
       
      These are inferior goods
  • ''Offering a choice of quality private label products alongside their favourite brands is one way Coles can help,'' he said.
    • Kat Whatley
      Kat Whatley on 31 May 12
       
      Given the option, consumers are willing to opt for the cheaper, unbranded version amid high economic costs.
  • Coles is ''supporting the creation of 10,000 new jobs by suppliers through volume growth'' - with $1.6 billion in extra fresh food sales per year and a doubling in the value of produce sourced directly from Australian growers.
    • Kat Whatley
      Kat Whatley on 31 May 12
       
      Shows economies of scale: Coles can sell cheaper because as a chain they can source from farmers directly. This lowers their costs of production and thus lowers consumer prices.
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • The strategy focused on improving the quality of Target's products and in-store services.
    • Kat Whatley
      Kat Whatley on 31 May 12
       
      Target is one of a few very large clothing stores in Australia. Like an oligopolistic market, Westerfarmers must use non price determinant factors to get more consumers.
  • The division has boosted food and liquor sales from $21 billion to an estimated $26.5 billion this year.
    • Kat Whatley
      Kat Whatley on 31 May 12
       
      Large gains in profit due to cheaper costs and more sales.
  • Several economists said the weak data strengthened the case for further interest rate cuts, following the ANZ forecast of another 0.75 percentage points in cuts by the end of the year.
    • Kat Whatley
      Kat Whatley on 31 May 12
       
      This is amid low growth rates for Australia. Suggests monetary policy as a solution.
Shoko Kuroda

U.S. Growth Slows to 2.2%, Report Says - NYTimes.com - 1 views

www.nytimes.com/...s-to-2-2-rate-report-says.html

shared by Shoko Kuroda on 31 May 12 - No Cached
    • Shoko Kuroda
      Shoko Kuroda on 31 May 12
       
      It clearly states that the increase in consumer confidence shifted the AD curve to the right and how this lead to the stable US GDP growth
    • Shoko Kuroda
      Shoko Kuroda on 31 May 12
       
      can draw a graph describing the growth in GDP by a AD curve shift to the right
  • Business investment, which had been a bright spot, declined in the most recent quarter.
  • ...24 more annotations...
    • Shoko Kuroda
      Shoko Kuroda on 31 May 12
       
      Business investment is stated as another factor which contributed to the decrease in GDP growth 
    • Shoko Kuroda
      Shoko Kuroda on 31 May 12
       
      Explanation as to what is GDP, its definition and the major factors which influence GDP. GDP= C (consumption)+G (government spending) +I (investment) +(X-M) (exports- imports)
    • Shoko Kuroda
      Shoko Kuroda on 31 May 12
       
      Could give an insight to some statistics as to what the GDP growth rates are for few countries around the world 
    • Shoko Kuroda
      Shoko Kuroda on 31 May 12
       
      Evaluate on the two different perspectives and the extent to both are valid 
    • Shoko Kuroda
      Shoko Kuroda on 31 May 12
       
      reducing unemployment is another factor which affects GDP. State and explain how employment increases GDP. When people are employed this increases consumer confidence and results in consumers to be more willing to pay for goods and services and therefore increases consumption which is a big part of GDP. 
    • Shoko Kuroda
      Shoko Kuroda on 31 May 12
       
      Explain the relationship between the GDP of other countries. Such in this time period, Greece as a country was going the path of becoming bankrupt. The Euro-crisis contracted the economy of many countries. When they have a smaller economy, they have less amount of exports and therefore this could have made the difference between exports and imports significant and influenced GDP. 
  • Government spending also fell
  • particularly large drop in military outlays.
  • Many economists pointed out that consumer spending, mostly on cars and other large items, seemed to have come at a cost. Consumer savings declined.
  • decline in business investment.
  • Businesses spent more on equipment and software but much less on infrastructure.
  • decline in investment in
  • construction related to mining, oil and gas
  • series of external shocks, like a spike in gas prices (this year’s was less severe and is already subsiding) and the Ja
  • panese earthquake.
  • where many countries are already in recession and where this week Britain announced that it had entered the dreaded “double dip.”
  • slowing of China’s breakneck
    • Shoko Kuroda
      Shoko Kuroda on 31 May 12
       
      Decline in business investment, infrastructures invest more money therefore bring a bigger influence on growth of GDP whereas equipment and software have little affect since it is not as expensive as building roads and buildings. 
    • Shoko Kuroda
      Shoko Kuroda on 31 May 12
       
      Investment on construction of mining, oil and gas is similar to business investment on infrastructure since they acquire a lot of money whereas spendings on factories and office buildings are not as expensive as construction related spending. 
  • Shipments of durable goods increased last month, but new orders showed the steepest drop since January 2009.
  • unemployment benefits have risen.
    • Shoko Kuroda
      Shoko Kuroda on 31 May 12
       
      Unemployment benefits have risen, indicating that since there is a population who dont have a job, the government has to afford them unemployment benefits which reduces GDP. 
    • Shoko Kuroda
      Shoko Kuroda on 31 May 12
       
      Natural hazards such as the Earthquake and Tsunami which hit Fukushima on March 11, reduced the exports of Japanese goods to foreign countries due to the news of radiation. Because of a decrease in demand for Japanese goods, this could have reduced imports for America and a smaller difference between exports and imports of goods. 
    • Shoko Kuroda
      Shoko Kuroda on 31 May 12
       
      Because China has such a global impact on the world's economy, the slowing growth of the Chinese economy could reduce consumption of goods, considering the fact that the prices of Chinese goods could increase. 
Ryo Sakai

U.K. House Prices Rose on Supply Shortage, Nationwide Says - Bloomberg - 1 views

www.bloomberg.com/...-shortage-nationwide-says.html

shared by Ryo Sakai on 31 May 12 - No Cached
  • lack of homes for sale supported values
    • Faizal Zubir
      Faizal Zubir on 31 May 12
       
      The factor causing the increase in house prices.
  • Prices gained 0.3 percent from April, when they fell by the same amount
    • Faizal Zubir
      Faizal Zubir on 31 May 12
       
      In a supply-demand graph, the percentage can be put.
  • Demand for homes remains subdued on the back of weak labor-market conditions, but the lack of homes coming onto the market is providing support for prices,
    • Faizal Zubir
      Faizal Zubir on 31 May 12
       
      Reasons as to why demand for houses is still weak, and again, the lack of supply.
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • rising unemployment and concerns about the euro-area debt crisis undermine consumer confidence
    • Faizal Zubir
      Faizal Zubir on 31 May 12
       
      The housing market heavily depends on the current economic situation.
  • “Even though optimism about how the economy will perform” has improved, “it is still significantly down on where it was this time last year.”
    • Faizal Zubir
      Faizal Zubir on 31 May 12
       
      A possible evaluation about the consumer confidence. Although the stats/index suggests that consumer confidence is improving, it doesn't mean the economy is fully recovered.
  • consumer confidence rose in May for the first time in four months as Britons became more optimistic about the economy.
    • Ryo Sakai
      Ryo Sakai on 01 Jun 12
       
      Consumer confidence rose, which most likely means there will be an increase in consumption, which will grow the economy. 
  • the number of U.K. mortgage approvals climbed in April, they remained about half the monthly average in the decade to 2007 before the financial crisis struck.
    • Ryo Sakai
      Ryo Sakai on 01 Jun 12
       
      Shows they still haven't recovered, even though they are getting close.
Faizal Zubir

China's Chongqing Is First City to Offer Car Subsidy - 1 views

www.businessweek.com/...irst-city-to-offer-car-subsidy

Subsidies Externalities

shared by Faizal Zubir on 06 Jun 12 - No Cached
  • Faizal Zubir on 06 Jun 12
     
    IA 2: Macro
Christian Bager

REVE - Regulación Eólica con Vehículos Eléctricos - - 1 views

www.evwind.es/noticias.php

denmark Vestas Windmills South-Korea Expo-2012

shared by Christian Bager on 06 Jun 12 - No Cached
  • Expo 2012 at Yeosu, South Korea.
    • Christian Bager
      Christian Bager on 06 Jun 12
       
      Target date of reveal for their further plans
  • Offshore wind holds vast potential as a sustainable energy source for rapidly growing countries, such as South Korea with its substantial coastal areas.
    • Christian Bager
      Christian Bager on 06 Jun 12
       
      Showing where there is an increase in demand of the product.
  • A solid foundation for Danish-Korean collaboration on wind energy has already been laid through Vestas’ long history and presence in South Korea and the strong government commitment to ensuring green growth in both Denmark and Korea.
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • Both countries have clearly acknowledged that wind energy is a reliable and sustainable energy solution for the futur
    • Christian Bager
      Christian Bager on 06 Jun 12
       
      Showing how both side believe that the demand for wind turbines may increase over the next years, and how it currently stands.
  • In Denmark, the government has set a goal of achieving 50 per cent of our electricity consumption from wind energy by 2020, and Korea is leading the way by systematically implementing policies required to spur Green Growth.
  • We have installed more than 200 onshore wind power turbines in the country since 1998, and almost 70 per cent of installed wind power plants are currently using Vestas wind turbines.
    • Christian Bager
      Christian Bager on 06 Jun 12
       
      Showing the current supply of wind turbines in Korea and how that compares to the Vestas Market share
  • With our many years of experience in turning the wind into energy on land and on sea, Vestas will strive to partner with South Korea to reach their goal of building sustainable cities and ensuring future generations have a reliable source of energy
  • So far, we have installed 581 offshore turbines, equalling 38 per cent of all such turbines in the world. In 2010 alone, we installed a total of 555 MW at the Robin Rigg, Thanet and Bligh Bank offshore wind farms, increasing our installed capacity to more than 1,400 MW.
  • Christian Bager on 06 Jun 12
     
    The one I will use from my IA
  • Christian Bager on 06 Jun 12
     
    First IA
Ayaka Matsumura

Effects of Climate Change Seen for Corn Prices - NYTimes.com - 1 views

www.nytimes.com/...fect-seen-for-corn-prices.html

shared by Ayaka Matsumura on 06 Jun 12 - No Cached
  • “and that will greatly exacerbate the price spikes brought on by climate change.”
  • Ayaka Matsumura on 06 Jun 12
     
    First IA Article.
Christina Seward

US subsidy decision welcomed | Business | The Guardian - 1 views

www.guardian.co.uk/...fairtrade.ethicalliving

shared by Christina Seward on 06 Jun 12 - No Cached
    • Christina Seward
      Christina Seward on 06 Jun 12
       
      with no cotton subsidy from the government, what effect will that have on the market?
    • Christina Seward
      Christina Seward on 06 Jun 12
       
      this is whats happening now. with the subsidy, it means that the US cotton market is going well because they can sell more with the subsidy from the government
    • Christina Seward
      Christina Seward on 06 Jun 12
       
      what effect the US having no subsidy on the cotton will have for the 3rd world cotton that is being sold as a second to the US cotton
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • Oxfam estimates that poor African cotton-producing countries missed out on almost $400m (£230m) in revenues between 2001 and 2003. About 10 million Africans depend directly on the crop for a living.
  • Subsidies paid by the US government make it financially viable for textile manufacturers to buy expensive US cotton rather than cheaper, third-world cotton
  • World Trade Organisation.
Nofar Lapidot

August exports grow 2.7% while imports drop 4.7% -- Shanghai Daily | 上海日报 -- ... - 1 views

www.shanghaidaily.com/...%2Bwhile%2Bimports%2Bdrop%2B47

economic growth Balance of Payments exports imports shanghai daily china

shared by Nofar Lapidot on 10 Sep 12 - No Cached
  • Nofar Lapidot on 10 Sep 12
     
    exports and imports in China affect the GDP
Emily Hoshi

Banks get tax cut and finally decide to pay up | Yen for Living - 1 views

blog.japantimes.co.jp/...t-and-finally-decide-to-pay-up

shared by Emily Hoshi on 06 Jun 12 - No Cached
  • Emily Hoshi on 06 Jun 12
     
    This is my 1st IA not the first one about panasonic
Christian Bager

2 Wind Farms, 433MW of Vestas, Suzlon Turbines for RSA - 1 views

www.ibtimes.co.uk/...vestas-suzlon-turbines-rsa.htm

shared by Christian Bager on 06 Jun 12 - No Cached
  • The South African government awarded preferred bidders contracts to develop seven large-scale wind power projects on May 21, the latest step forward in its strategic plan to diversify its energy base through the production of clean, renewable energy.
  • Wind power project awards make up 562.5 MW out of a total 1,043.9 MW of renewable energy capacity the South Africa's Dept. of Energy awarded.
  • Denmark's Vestas and India's Suzlon are among the wind turbine manufacturers who will play a big part in helping South Africa realize its renewable energy
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • social, economic and environmental goals.
  • Suzlon has been chosen by South Africa's Exxaro Resources and India's largest power utility, Tata Power Co. Ltd. as the preferred supplier for their Cennergi joint venture's 138MW South African wind farm.
  • Terms that still need to be finalized call for Suzlon to deliver 66 of its S97-2.1MW wind turbines for the project, part of a full engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) agreement. If all goes well, construction of the Cennergi wind farm is expected to begin in early 2013.
  • Vestas came out a big winner as a result of the second-round contract awards. The world's second-largest wind turbine manufacturer has been selected as the supplier to five South African wind energy projects with a combined capacity of 297MW:
  • West Coast 1, 94 MW, Developer: GDF Suez/IPR SA Tsitsikamma, 95.33 MW, Developer: Cennergi (Pty) Ltd. Grahamstown, 24.60 MW, Developer: EDF EN France Grassridge, 61.50 MW, Developer: EDF EN France Chaba, 21.53 MW, Developer: EDF EN France
  • Vestas has now been chosen as the preferred supplier of wind turbines for 36% of the wind power contracts- totaling 435.1MW- awarded by the South African government to date.
Adam Seldis

http://people.virginia.edu/~cah2k/publictr.pdf - 1 views

people.virginia.edu/...publictr.pdf

Public goods

shared by Adam Seldis on 04 Feb 12 - No Cached
  • Adam Seldis on 04 Feb 12
     
    Public goods game
Derek Schwung

Falling Oil Prices Are No Mystery - Businessweek - 1 views

www.businessweek.com/...ling-oil-prices-are-no-mystery

shared by Derek Schwung on 05 Jun 12 - No Cached
    • Derek Schwung
      Derek Schwung on 05 Jun 12
       
      Microeconomics - Supply and Demand
    • Derek Schwung
      Derek Schwung on 05 Jun 12
       
      Current Prices 
  • $97 a barrel and West Texas Intermediate hitting $83.
  • ...18 more annotations...
  • producing more oil than it’s consuming,
    • Derek Schwung
      Derek Schwung on 05 Jun 12
       
      Excess Supply - cause 
  • Global oil consumption has been declining since the end of 2011, falling to 88.5 million barrels per day at the end of April, from 90.4 million barrels per day in late December 2011
    • Derek Schwung
      Derek Schwung on 05 Jun 12
       
      Oil consumption is falling - less demand 
  • 10 percent increase in production from OPEC during the past 12 months.
    • Derek Schwung
      Derek Schwung on 05 Jun 12
       
      An outward shift in supply
    • Derek Schwung
      Derek Schwung on 05 Jun 12
       
      Resulting of new drilling techniques and finds 
  • , driven by new finds and drilling
  • a 15-year low—a result of economic weakness and increased energy efficiency.
    • Derek Schwung
      Derek Schwung on 05 Jun 12
       
      Demand is low because of economic weakness and increase energy efficiency 
  • The price declines
    • Derek Schwung
      Derek Schwung on 05 Jun 12
       
      Decrease in price to reach equilibrium? 
  • bets that the price will rise
    • Derek Schwung
      Derek Schwung on 05 Jun 12
       
      Price will rise in future 
  • , will fall to $90 a barrel by September, and that West Texas Intermediate should fall to $80.
    • Derek Schwung
      Derek Schwung on 05 Jun 12
       
      Prediction for near future 
  • ince two-thirds of the price of gasoline is determined by the price of oil, that should continue to lower prices at the pump. At the end of May, the average price of a gallon of gasoline in the U.S. was $3.66, 12¢ lower than it was a year ago
    • Derek Schwung
      Derek Schwung on 05 Jun 12
       
      Gasoline should also decrease in price Happier consumers 
    • Derek Schwung
      Derek Schwung on 06 Jun 12
       
      This is the article for my IA 1
Yihan Li

China's farm subsidies soar but OECD states' at record low - 1 views

phys.org/...-farm-subsidies-soar-oecd.html

shared by Yihan Li on 07 Jun 12 - No Cached
  • China's farm subsidies soar but OECD states' at record low
Zhoushu Ziporyn

8 States to Raise Minimum Wage - NYTimes.com - 1 views

www.nytimes.com/...tes-to-raise-minimum-wage.html

shared by Zhoushu Ziporyn on 07 Jun 12 - No Cached
    • Zhoushu Ziporyn
      Zhoushu Ziporyn on 07 Jun 12
       
      wages go up, but supply of labor does not change. This causes an excess supply of labor-- unemployment.
    • Zhoushu Ziporyn
      Zhoushu Ziporyn on 07 Jun 12
       
      wages go up, but supply of labor does not change. This causes an excess supply of labor-- unemployment.
    • Zhoushu Ziporyn
      Zhoushu Ziporyn on 07 Jun 12
       
      although more money would be payed, it would not be enough to support the poor and total unemployment will increase since there is a gap between the equilibrium point with the higher wage price level and the equilibrium with the demand curve.
  • Zhoushu Ziporyn on 07 Jun 12
     
    "The minimum wage increases in Arizona, Colorado, Florida, Montana, Ohio, Oregon, Vermont and Washington will be 28 cents to 37 cents an hour, according to the National Employment Law Project." minimum wage, the minimum price for labor, has gone up in 8 states
J Hwang

London Luxury-Home Price Gains Slow After Property-Tax Increase - 1 views

www.bloomberg.com/...ter-property-tax-increase.html

house prices microeconomics demand

shared by J Hwang on 07 Jun 12 - No Cached
  • J Hwang on 07 Jun 12
     
    -microeconomics -small growth in luxury-home prices in London after the "the government increased a tax on purchases of 2 million pounds ($3.1 million) or more" -consumers must pay more for the same good compared to before - fall in demand -prices of homes/luxury homes were growing -"Europe's debt crisis has prompted overseas investors to acquire real estate in London to preserve their wealth." - homes more scarce, hence increase in price
  • J Hwang on 07 Jun 12
     
    -use of demand/supply curves to show the increase in demand, then show a less increase in demand after taxing
J Hwang

China cuts interest rates - 1 views

money.cnn.com/...index.htm

macroeconomics monetary policy

shared by J Hwang on 07 Jun 12 - No Cached
  • J Hwang on 07 Jun 12
     
    -macroeconomics -Monetary Policy - China's central bank decided to decrease interest rates -however, the lending rate is still much higher than that in USA, Europe and Japan. -recently China decreased the reserved ratio as well. -Eurozone crisis - decrease in demand for exports - damaging to Chinese economy -previously, China raised interest rates to decrease inflation --> however led to a slowdown in economics growth
Nayana Devadas

Business - Bank of England holds key interest rate at 0.50% - 1 views

www.khaleejtimes.com/...inside.asp

shared by Nayana Devadas on 07 Jun 12 - No Cached
    • Nayana Devadas
      Nayana Devadas on 07 Jun 12
       
      Monetary policy
    • Nayana Devadas
      Nayana Devadas on 07 Jun 12
       
      Interest rates- macro economics- monetary policy
  • main interest rate
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • The economy shrank 0.3
    • Nayana Devadas
      Nayana Devadas on 07 Jun 12
       
      Macro
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