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Home/ IB Economics HL LG/ Contents contributed and discussions participated by Xinmian H

Contents contributed and discussions participated by Xinmian H

Xinmian H

China Casting Off Mao Shackles Burnishes Yuan Appeal: Currencies - Bloomberg - 1 views

  • China’s planned economic reforms are burnishing the yuan’s credentials as a currency of global trade,
  • The yuan rose 2.3 percent against the dollar this year, the most among 24 emerging-market currencies tracked by Bloomberg. It was pegged to the dollar until 2005, and now trades in a managed range against a basket of currencies
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    This Bloomberg article talked about how China is trying to raise the currency and make Yuan become a global currency. It also mentioned China used to peg Yuan on US dollar until 2005, then they changed the policy to manage Yuan in a certain range.
Xinmian H

Czech Inflation Stays Below Target Amid Currency-Sales Debate - 0 views

  • The Czech inflation rate remained below the central bank’s target for a fourth month in April,
  • Consumer sentiment remains poor as a result of rising unemployment, declining real incomes
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    This article reveals that as the cost of remaining Czech inflation rate in a low range, the consumer demand is weak and unemployment rise up. This article proved the trade-off relationship between inflation and unemployment.
Xinmian H

Iran's Double-Digit Inflation Worsens - NYTimes.com - 0 views

  • double-digit inflation
  • March to an annualized 31.5 percent, compared with 30.2 percent in February and 26.4 percent a year earlier,
  • implicit acknowledgment that international sanctions linked to the disputed Iranian nuclear program are causing some economic harm.
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  • the real rate could be at least double the official rate
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    The article talked about the serious inflation in Iran. The government condemned international sanctions linked to the nuclear program. In March the inflation rate reached 31.5%, but the real rate might be double of that. This article shows inflation is indeed very hard to control.
Xinmian H

Hiring slows severely in March, but don't panic yet - Apr. 5, 2013 - 1 views

  • Hiring slowed sharply in March
  • 88,000 jobs,
  • The unemployment rate slipped to 7.6%,
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  • Economists surveyed by CNNMoney were expecting an increase of 190,000 jobs.
  • Experts had expected the jobless rate to remain at 7.7%. But the decline is not good news:
  • It's because nearly 500,000 people dropped out of the labor market.
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    In March US only created 88,000 jobs, the lowest monthly gain since June. Economists were expecting an increase of 190,000 jobs. However, the unemployment slipped to 7.6%, which is below the expected 7.7%. That decline was not a good news because 7.6% is the result of 500l000 people dropped out of the labor. They still don't have jobs, but they are not considered as unemployed.
Xinmian H

Report: Fresno area aggregate supply slipping - 0 views

  • Fresno County's current aggregate reserves are not expected to last very long
  • , there are 46 million tons of permitted aggregate reserves, less than 11 percent of the 50-year demand of 435 million tons.
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    This article is about how the aggregate supply in Fresno County is reducing due to the lack of reserves of raw materials such as mines. The aggregate reserves is less than 11 percent of the 50 year demand, and mining operations are estimated to have less than 10 years to end. If mines can run out, so can oil and gas. We should be alarmed that our aggregate supply of country might also decrease due to lack of oil.
Xinmian H

Laura D'Andrea Tyson: The Sequester and Fiscal Policy - NYTimes.com - 0 views

  • sequester. It is the wrong medicine for what ails the economy now and the wrong cure for its future budgetary challenges.
  • deep and lingering deficiency in aggregate demand
  • The gap between the actual and potential level of output means about $900 billion of forgone goods and services this year alone. This tremendous waste of productive potential is reflected in an unemployment rate of 7.9 percent,
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  • The economy needs less rather than more deficit reduction in the near term.
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    The article is talking about the economy of US right now. The aggregate demand is far lower than potential and government is cutting expenditure rapidly. However, the author thought that's not the right way of doing it. Although the money is short, government is still supposed to take necessary actions to induce recovery.
Xinmian H

Windows Phone and Nokia Spell a Challenge for Apple - NYTimes.com - 0 views

  • ? IPhone, Android and no one else. They will form an exclusive duo in smartphones, just as Windows and Mac have in personal computers.
  • It has formed an alliance with Microsoft and will switch from Symbian to Windows Phone software on its smartphones.
  • Microsoft introduced Windows Phone 7, a major overhaul, last fall.
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  • Mr. Lees says that there are now more than 11,500 apps
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    This article talked about the oligopolistic competition in smartphone market. Several firms such as Apple, Android, Microsoft and Nokia controls more than 80% of market share. It is a very typical oligopoly market structure. And we can see firms are colluding and competing. Microsoft and Nokia formed alliance to compete against Apple. Microsoft also kept releasing new product, such as the Windows Phone 7 last fall. Smartphone market is very centralized and competitive.
Xinmian H

Casey B. Mulligan: What Happened to the Microsoft Monopoly? - NYTimes.com - 1 views

  • there is no such thing as a monopoly in the computer industry.
  • Watching Apple introduce some amazing products last week, including laptops (which have been running Intel processors for several years now) and operating systems for mobile and desktop devices, it is difficult to imagine that the Justice Department once thought that, without government intervention, consumer choices would be significantly limited by Microsoft.
  • Market forces are clearly working to give consumers choices in the market.
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    This article talked about how Apple broke the monopoly in computer industry controlled by Microsoft. 14 years ago Justice Department worried that without government intervention, consumer choice would be significantly limited by Microsoft. However, today Apple broke this monopoly and took a big share of market. By using non-price competition and creating innovative product, Apple survived and succeed in computer industry. So we can see there is no such thing as a monopoly in computer industry, the advancement of technology will always give the market to the firm.
Xinmian H

Iceland's Carbon Recycling Sees Rising Demand for Renewable Fuel - Bloomberg - 0 views

  • 100-fold over the next five years to capture European demand.
  • The company now produces 1.5 million liters and has the capacity to produce about 5 million liters. It plans to boost that to 150 million liters over the next five years
  • The carbon dioxide is converted and recycled to produce liquid fuel. The production can then be used to blend in with gasoline for any car and as a feedstock in the production of other fuels.
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  • Our recycling process is cost-effective, reduces greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere and conserves natural resources
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    This article talked about how an Iceland company Carbon Recycling International ehf, saw the rising demand and planned to increase output. It made the firm more efficient because recycling carbon reduced cost and saved resources. It also reflected the situation of perfect competition. Oil companies are price takers, they can't control the price of oil. And the product are homogeneous: oil form different company don't have significant quality difference.
Xinmian H

EBay's Focus on Mobile Apps Helps Lift Revenue 15% - NYTimes.com - 1 views

  • a successful turnaround and cultivated double-digit growth
  • early bet that mobile phones would become a platform for commerce, with PayPal providing a lead in mobile payments.
  • largest mobile commerce and payments provider in the world
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  • operating profit margin increased to 19.6 percent from 18.1 percent in the same period last year.
  • brought in $1.8 billion in revenue
  • continuing to innovate
  • eBay Now. The app, which is being tested by consumers in San Francisco, allows eBay customers to buy products — from their phones — from Macy’s, Target and Walgreens, and have them delivered the same day.
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    This article talked about eBay increasing their revenue in double digit percentage and brought in 1.8 million$ last quarter. They were able to do so because in the long run they planned ahead and predicted that mobile phones would become a platform for commerce, so eBay used PayPal to make a lead in mobile payment, which gave them more market share. eBay was also experimenting with new app called eBay Now, which allows customers to buy goods from their phones from Macy's Target and Walgreens and have them delivered the same day. So we can see how important it is for a form to plan ahead in the long run: it decides the revenue for the firm in future.
Xinmian H

VW starts up largest solar park at US auto factory in Chattanooga, TN - 0 views

  • TN was certified LEED Platinum. That's a difficult level to reach – as we described at the time – but the one billion dollars the company spent
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    This article talked about how VW company decide to use one billion dollars to build LEED Platinum to make their car 25% cleaner. In the short run the production cost increased one billion. Since the car will get cleaner, the demand should increase. 
Xinmian H

What Obama's re-election means for health care - CNN.com - 1 views

  • Mitt Romney presidency could mean the end of the most significant piece of social legislation in half a century.
  • the Affordable Care Act, passed in 2010, won't be fully in place until 2014,
  • and the wheels of reform have begun to turn.
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    This article is talking about how the result of the presidential election effect the health care. Mitt Romney will probably end the health care whereas Obama will absolutely keep it. Health care is a public good, it has positive externality and should be encouraged. However, the cost of providing health care is very high. According to the article, 'Affordable Care Act won't be fully in place until 2014'. Two candidates has different solutions. Obama choose to keep it, and Romney choose to end it due to the high cost. From this article we can see the limitation of government intervention of economy, and how different parties and people have different opinions.
Xinmian H

Pollution protests shut China solar plant - Business 360 - CNN.com Blogs - 1 views

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    This article talked about the negative externality of Jinko Solar company in China. The company washed the pollutants with fluoride exceeding normal limits from factory into a river. The pollutants caused mass die-off fish and a cluster of cancer cases. Many Chinese resident gathered around outside the factory and hold violent protest, which forced the company to shut down. Government also halted the company and fined $75,000. From this article we can see how the product had negative externality to the third party and how government react upon it.
Xinmian H

Zimbabwe Price Controls Cause Chaos - New York Times - 2 views

  • physically forcing merchants to lower prices
  • nation’s inflation, the world’s highest.
  • Because the government has threatened to seize any business that does not sell goods at the advertised price, the merchant said he was keeping his shop open, but with virtually nothing on its shelves.
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    Zimbabwe government is controlling food price by physically forcing merchants and shop keepers to low their price down, other wise will be beaten. It is actually not going to work and can not last for long time. Producers can not supply the goods at a price that allows retailers to make a profit. The inflation of this country also reached the world's highest level. This article showed that price control has to be realistic otherwise will harm the economy.
Xinmian H

One Bad Energy Subsidy Expires - NYTimes.com - 0 views

  • The 45-cent-per-gallon tax credit for oil companies to blend ethanol into gasoline cost taxpayers $5 billion to $6 billion a year,
  • It boosted corn prices and increased food prices generally by encouraging farmers to replace other crops with corn.
  • deepening the budget deficit.
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  • corn ethanol generated more carbon dioxide than gasoline
  • ending the subsidies would
  • have no effect on gas prices for consumers and only a trivial effect on industry profits,
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    The Congress is preparing to cancel subsidy for corn ethanol and the tax break for oil companies. The tax credit deepened the budget deficit. It also raised corn price and food price as farmers started to replace other crops with corn. However the House of Representatives won't pass any law that would end the subsidy because their paymasters want the subsidy to keep the demand up.
Xinmian H

Prices and gasoline demand - NYTimes.com - 0 views

  • That is, a 10 percent rise in prices will reduce gas consumption by 7 percent
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    This article talked about the elasticity of gasoline. As the price increase 10 percent, the demand reduce by 7 percent, which prove that gasoline is inelastic product. That make sense because gasoline is a necessary product: to keep the cars run.
Xinmian H

ASIANOW | The Asiaweek 1000 | After the Boom - 0 views

  • Asia's go-go growth spurred the spread of countless factories, fed by expectations of exponential growth in demand.
  • Now that the boom has gone bust, Asia is suffering from capacity indigestion of monumental proportions.
  • Overcapacity in cement is so severe that unless plants are closed, the region may not see supply-demand equilibrium for at least seven years. China alone can produce nearly 110 million tons a year. Consumption in the region has fallen dramatically
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    This article explained the relationship between supply and demand. The industrial demand in Asia had been increasing for so long that the factories kept adding supply. When the demand dramatically fall, Asia suffered capacity indigestion. The excess supply was too severe  that the equilibrium may not happen for 7 years. The demand could not keep up with supply.
Xinmian H

The little green bean in big fracking demand - CNN.com - 1 views

  • In just one year the price of guar has surged tenfold, from about 30 rupees (about 50 U.S. cents) to around 300 rupees for each kilogram of the precious seed.
  • Behind the phenomenal price rise is a surge in demand. Oil and gas companies in the United States have developed a massive appetite for guar gum powder -- a key ingredient in a process called fracking, which is used to extract natural and shale gas from beneath the Earth's surface.
  • Since 90% of the world's guar is grown in the desert belt of northwest India, local farmers in this poor area are enjoying the benefit of the guar rush.
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    This article showed the relation between the price and demand. The oil companies need guar gum powder for fracking to get oil, this increase the demand of guar and the guar price rised up. In our textbook, the relationship is a little bit different. Our textbook said as the price increase the demand of the product will increase, where as in this article as the demand increase the price will increase. This article showed me the mutual relation between the price and the demand.
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